2024届高考英语一轮复习状语从句课件

状语从句目录01状语从句的含义02状语从句的分类03状语从句的重难点01.什么是状语从句？状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语02.状语从句的分类1.一般可分为九大类2.状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词课前练：判断下列状语从句的类型Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.Hewon'tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.Don'tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.Sincewehavenomoney,wecan'tbuyit.Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn'tseeit.TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.时间状语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句比较状语从句目的状语从句让步状语从句地点状语从句1.时间状语从句常用引导词：when,as,while,assoonas,before,after,since,till,until特殊引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,everytime,theday，nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when（1）TellhimIneedtoseehimtheminutehearrives.（2）Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)themomenttheysawtheguard.Themomenthesawme,heranaway.Hesaidhe‘dcallyouthemomenthegothome.（3）TheinstantIsawhim,Iknewhewasthemanfromtherestaurant.（4）Immediatelyyoubegintospeak,hegivesyouhisfullattention.（5）Mysistercamedirectlyshegotmymessage.（6）EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.（7）nosooner...than...，"一...就..."，引导时间状语从句,主句用过去完成时,"than"后面的从句用一般过去时.Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.Nosooner...than...常放在句首,表示强调.这时主句要倒装.（8）Hehadhardlysatdownwhenthetelephonerang.Hehadscarcelysatdownwhentherewasaknockatthedoor.另外，如果把hardly放于句首，主句要用倒装结构。HardlyhadIfinishedeatingwhenhecamein.真题再现：2012年真题.Notuntilhefinishedwritinghisreport，___________________________________________(他开始订火车票，开始出行).2017年真题Hewillnotrest_________________________________________(直到他知道真相).didhestartbookingthetrainticketandpreparingforthejourneyuntilheknowsthetruth真题再现：2013年真题Hurryup,or___________________________________________(我们到那儿时票都卖完了).2021年真题Pleasedon’ttalksoloudly__________________________________(他人在工作的时候)theticketswillhavebeensoldoutwhenwegetthere(bythetimewereachthere)when/whileothers/otherpeopleareworking/atwork2．地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhereShewasstandingexactlywhereyouarestandingnow.Staywhereyouare.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.Sitanywhereyoulike.2．地点状语从句翻译下列句子1.有志者事竟成。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.2.你最好不要把药放在孩子够得着的地方。Youhadbetternotleavethemedicinewherethechildrencouldreachit.3．条件状语从句常用引导词：if,unless,特殊引导词：as/solongas只要,onlyif只有,providingthat/providedthat（只要）,supposethat,incase(美)如果,onconditionthat（条件是）例句Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoustayinthebackyard.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.IncaseIamlate,startwithoutme.Itoldhimhewouldsucceedonlyifhetriedhard.Youcanborrowthecar,providingIcanhaveitbackbysixo‘clock.主从句谓语动词有什么特点？规律：1.主将从现2.主祈从现3.主情从现①如果我犯了错误请不要嘲笑我。Pleasedon’tlaughatmewhenImakemistakes.②在阅览室时你应当保持安静。Youshouldkeepquietwhenyouareinthereadingroom.条件状语从句重难点1.if引导的条件句分两种情况①真实条件句：主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现②非真实条件句：虚拟语气①早点起床，你就会早点到达那里。Ifyougetupearly,youwillgetthereontime.②如果他加入我们，我们就能赢得这场篮球赛。Wecanwinthebasketballgameifhejoinsus.3.如果你作业完成的早，就帮你妈妈做家务。Helpyourmotherwiththehouseworkifyoufinishyourhomeworkearly.②if引导的非真实条件句：虚拟语气•试比较•Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhavetoputoffourschoolsportsmeeting.•Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffourschoolsportsmeeting.虚拟语气真实语气虚拟语气体现在哪里？又是怎么虚拟的？虚拟语气体现在谓语动词上，通过改变谓语动词的形式来体现虚拟语气。虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法•IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.•IfIhadtime,Iwouldcometoseeyou.条件状语从句用________________________________主句用_____________________________________动词过去式(be用were)would/should/might/could+动词原形对现在的虚拟虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法•1）Ifit___________(be)finenow,I____________(go)shopping.•2）IfI____(have)enoughmoney,I_______________(buy)anewcar.werewouldgohadwouldbuyImagine：（猜想）Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery(彩票5000000元).IfIhadfivemillionyuan,Iwould_________虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法•Ifyouhadcomeherelastnight,youwouldhavemethim.•Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.•Ifithadrainedyesterday,wewouldhavestayedathome.对过去的虚拟条件状语从句用________________________________主句用________________________________________had+动词过去分词would/should/might/couldhave+动词过去分词虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法•1)Ifyou___________(work)carefully,you_________________(not)makesomanymistakes.•2)Ifhe________________(drive)morecarefully,he__________________(nothave)anaccidentyesterday.hadworkedwouldnothavemadehaddrivenwouldnothavehad虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法•Ifitweretoraintomorrow,Wewouldstayathome.•Ifitrainedtomorrow,Wewouldstayathome.•Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Wewouldstayathome.对将来的推测/虚拟条件状语从句用________________________________________________________________________________________________主句用________________________________________beto+动词原形动词的过去，be用wereshould+动词原形would/should/might/could+动词原形虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法•1.Ifshe_______________(come),I___________(ask)herforhelp.•2.She_____________________(catch)coldifshehadputonmoreclothes.shouldcomeweretocomecamewouldaskwouldnothavecaught虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法--总结时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式将来现在过去动词过去式(be用were)should+动词原形wereto+动词原形would/should/might/could+动词原形动词过去式(be用were)would/should/might/could+动词原形had+动词过去分词would/should/might/couldhave+动词过去分词真题练一练•（2017年真题）•1._________________________________________(如果我昨天没生病),Imighthavecometoschool.IfIhadnotfallenillyesterday,2.IfIhadn’ttoldyouthetruth,______________________________________________(你可能被骗了).youcouldhavebeencheated/fooled/tricked.ifonly和onlyif•ifonly意思是：•onlyif意思是：“但愿”，要是...就好了表示一个不可能实现愿望，要用虚拟语气“只有”从句用陈述语气，用在句首时要用部分倒装。1.Ifonlyhedidn’tdrivesofast.但愿他车没开这么快。2.她再勇敢一些就好了。Ifonlyshehadhadmorecourage!ifonly和onlyif•ifonly意思是：•onlyif意思是：“但愿”，要是...就好了表示一个不可能实现愿望，要用虚拟语气“只有”从句用陈述语气，用在句首时要用部分倒装。3.Thelawyerispaidonlyifhewins.律师只有打赢官司才会被付费。4.你只有积极参加体育锻炼，才能保持身体健康。Onlyifyoutakeanactivepartinphysicalactivitywillyoubeabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.Whatisthemeaningofwhile?1.Whiletherewasnoconclusiveevidence,mostpeoplethoughthewasguilty.尽管；虽然2.Whilehehassomeshortcomings,healsohassomemerits.只能放在句首Whatisthemeaningofthough/althought?Though（Although)itmayseemstrange,heremainedsingleallhislife.尽管；虽然although比though更正式，多用于句首。evenif和eventhough1)Wewon'tbediscouragedevenif/thoughwefailtentimes.2)Evenif/thoughyoufail,youwillhavegainedexperience.3）They'llstandbyyouevenifyoudon'tsucceed.4）EventhoughIdidn'tknowanybodyattheparty,Ihadanicetime.细微区别evenif引导的往往是假设性的；eventhough引导的从句内容往往是真实的evenif的虚拟语气01Evenifheismybrother,Iwillnottrusthim.02Evenifheweremybrother,Iwouldnottrusthim.其虚拟语气形式和if引导的条件句相同whatarethedifferences?evenif的虚拟语气1.NobodycouldsavehimevenifHuaTuoshouldcomehere.2.Evenifhewereherehimself,heshouldnotknowwhattodo.•1)Youngasheis,heknowsalot.•2)Coldasitis,thechildrenplayoutdoors.•3)Tryashemay,heneversucceeds.•4)Failashedid,hewouldnevergiveup.从句的结构：形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词+as+主语+谓语Whatarethecharacteristicsofthesesentences?名词+as+主语+其他Kingashewas，hewasunhappy.形容词+as+主语+其他Successfulasheis，heisnotproud.副词+as+主语+其他MuchasIadmirehimasawriter，Idonotlikehimasaman.as引导让步状语从句的具体用法动词原形+as+主语+其他Objectasyoumay，I’llgo.分词+as+主语+其他Rainingasitis,I’dliketowalkhome.让步状语从句的其它引导词1.Kellylovedherhusbandinspiteofthefactthathedranktoomuch.2.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.3.Whetheryoulikethejobornot,youhavetodoitrightnow.whatelse？nomatter+how/what/where/why/who/whom/whose/whichNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.Nomatterwhereyougo,pleaseletmeknow.Whereveryougo,pleaseletmeknow.试比较以下句子nomatter+疑问词=疑问词+ever四．让步状语从句常用引导词：though,although,evenif/though特殊引导词：as尽管，虽然(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)=although，nomatterwho(what,when,how,which,where)=whoever(what/when/how/which/where+ever)whether……or……（不管……还是……）inspiteofthefactthat让步状语从句练习•1.Theathletes,especiallythewinners,shouldremainmodest_____rapidprogresstheyhavemade.•A．whateverB．however•C．howmuchD．nomatter2._____greatchangeshavetakenplaceindevelopingcountries,therearestillmillionsofchildrennotbeingeducatedinsomecountries.A．SinceB．AlthoughC．OnceD．If让步状语从句练习•3._____,hecouldnotcoverthewholedistanceintenminutes.•A．AsheranfastB．Ifheranfast•C．SinceheranfastD．Fastasheran4.Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,_____he'sinhisnineties.A．aslongasB．asifC．eventhoughD．incaseTheoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.5.无论天气多么恶劣这个老人都很享受游泳。Although/Thoughtheweatherisrough,theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimming.Nomatterhowseveretheweatheris,theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimming.MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI’mhandsomeandsuccessful.这是什么从句？Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.Wethoughtthat,sincewewereinthearea,we'dstopbyandseethem.Shedidn’tgotowork,forsheisill.原因状语从句常见连词连词用法例句because原因重要Ican’tgettosleepbecauseofthenoiseoutside.since主句重要，理由明显Since(As)we’venomoney,wecan’tbuyit.asas双方已知的原因，主从句同等重要Asitisraining,you’dbettertakeataxi.forfor并列句，只能放后面，用“，”和前句隔开，附带说明或解释前一句的情况Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetthismorning特殊引导词1.Iwon’tstaylong,seeingthatyouarebusy.2.IhavebeenluckyinthatIhaveneverhadtoworryaboutmoney既然;因为;鉴于因为，原因是；既然特殊引导词3.Ithinkwepaidtoomuchmoneyforthehouse,consideringthatweneededtogettheroofrepaired.4.ForthereasonthatI'msoshy,Ican'tstandinfrontoflotsofpeopletospeak.考虑到理由是5．原因状语从句常用引导词：because,since,as,特殊引导词：seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat（考虑到，鉴于）,forthereasonthat小练习•1.--Didyouhaveasportmeetingyesterday?•--Nowedidn’t.Itwasputoff_________theheavyrain.•A.insteadofB.becauseof•C.asforD.as小练习•2.___youhavefinishedyourhomework,howaboutgoingshopping?•A.SinceB.Before•C.WhenD.Because判断正误•3.Becausehechanged,soIdidn’trecognizehim.•4.Becauseofhechanged,soIdidn’trecognizehim.•5.Becauseofhischange,Ididn’trecognizehim.QQR判断下文中since的意思•JohnhasnevermethisclosefriendDavidsincelastyear,sinceDavidhadbeenabroadtostudygeology.•YesterdayDavidcameback.•OnseeingDavid,Johnsaidexcitedly:“Imissedyousomuch,andsinceitissunny,let’shavebarbecue.”•“Yeah,IhavenothadbarbecuesinceImetyoulasttime.”saidDavid.Thentheyhaveahappytimetogether.IliketoreadwithJanesothatwecanholdadiscussiontogether.sothat的作用是什么？连接主从句，说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的IboughtadictionarysothatIcanlookupthenewwordsatanytime.Hepracticeseverydayinorderthathemaywinthematch.从句有什么特点？从句常与情态动词can,could,may,might等连用Don'tforgettotakeyournotebookincaseyoushouldtakenotes.Iwasafraidtoopenthedoorlestit(should)followme.Heworkedhardforfearthathe(might)befiredbytheboss.incase,forfearthat,lest,从句谓语为should+动词原形思考：它们只能用虚拟语气吗？Thismaybeforfearthattheywillbemistreated6．目的状语从句常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat特殊引导词：（just）incase以防万一，forfearthat，lest填空1.Bringitnearer__________Imayseeitbetter.2._______________getthereontime,theywentbybusinsteadofbybike.3.Westartedearly_______________theywouldarrivebeforedark.4.You’dbetterhaveasnackofbread__________thereisnotimetoeatlater.sothatInordertoinorderthatincase7．结果状语从句常用引导词：so…that,such…that,○Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.○It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.Heissoyoungaboythathecan'tgotoschool.Shedancessowellthateverybodyclappedhandsforher.so+形容词+that从句so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句so+副词+that从句Therearesomanypeoplethatwecan'tmoveaninch.Hereceivedsolittleeducationthathecan'tfindagoodjob.注意：somany/much...that...太多...以至于...solittle/few...that...太少...以至于3.特别注意CONCLUSION：Heissuchayoungboythathecan'tgotoschool.Todayissuchbadweatherthatwecan'tgoout.Theyaresuchcutedogsthatwealllovethem.名词短语SUCH+A/AN+形容词+可数名词单数+THATSUCH+形容词+不可数名词+THATSUCH+形容词+可数名词复数+THATMikeissuchanhonestworkerthatwealltrusthim.Mikeissohonestaworkerthatwealltrusthim.such+名词so+形容词/副词3.too...to的用法ThemanistoofattofittheT-shirt.练习根据句意，用so或such填空。1.Theboyis_____youngthathecan'tgotoschool.2.Hetoldus_______afunnystorythatwealllaughed.3.Hehas____fewbookstoreadthathehastoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.4.Itis_______atallbuildingthatIcan'tseeitstop.sosuchsosuch选择恰当答案1.Pleasespeakloudly_____allofuscanhearyou.A.sothatB.ifC.whenD.although2.Heis_____alovelyboy_____everybodylikehim.A.very,thatB.such,thatC.so,thatD.so,asAB3.Therewere______manypeopleattheparty_____ourhousegottoocrowded.A.so;thatB.so;toC.such;thatD.such;to4.______fewpeoplecametoseethefilm___themanagerputonanotherfilminstead.A.such;thatB.so;asC.so;thatD.too;toAC5.Shewas___tired_____shecouldnotwalkanymore.A.very,thatB.such,thatC.so,thatD.so,as6.Iwenttoschoolinahurry_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unlessCBSocleverastudentwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.Suchanicemandoesheseemthatwealllikehim.划线部分有什么特点？so/such放句首，主句要用部分倒装她舞跳的很好，每个人都为她鼓掌。Shedancessowellthateverybodyclappedhandsforher.Sowelldoesshedancethateverybodyclappedhandsforher.8．比较状语从句常用引导词：as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较)特殊引导词：themore…themore…;no…morethan○Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.Heisas/sohot-temperedashismotherCanyourunasfastasMike?比较状语从句，用于形容词/副词的原级位于主句之后同级比较1.as/so+原级+as和...一样2.nomore/lessthan不多于/不少于...Ihavenomorethantwodollarsleftinmypocket.HehasgotnolesspresentsthanIdidlasttime.Isavedenoughmoneytobuyacomputer.IwasgladthatitcostlessthanIwasexpected.Sheistallerthisyearthan（shewastall）lastyear．Shethinksmoreaboutherappearancethan（shethinksabout）herpersonality．优级比较：比较级+than词尾变化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esthappydryearlynarrowclever多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowlytallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est原级goodwellbadmanymuchlittlefarold比较级最高级betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest1.规则变化单音节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加-er或-est;多音节词以及-ly结尾的副词（early除外），前面须加more或most.副词的比较级和最高级原级比较级最高级soonsoonersoonestlonglongerlongestearlyearlierearliesthappilymorehappilymosthappilycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully差级比较Thiskindoffoodislessexpensivethanthatone.Thefilmtodayisnotsointerestingastheoneyesterday.less+原级+thannotso+原级+asTheharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.the+比较级，the+比较级真题小练（2012年）Themorecarefulyouare,__________________________________________(你写作中可能犯的错误就越少).thefewer/lessmistakesyouwillmakeinyourwriting1.结果不如我预料的那样好。Theresultwasnotas/sogoodasIhadexpected.2.上海下的雨比北京的多ItrainsmoreofteninShanghaithaninBeijing.3.你看的书越多，你懂得就越多。Themoreyouread,thebetteryouunderstand.9.方式状语从句例句：1.WheninRome,doastheRomando.2.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.3.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.表示行为方式，多置于主句之后as1.DrawacatasItoldyou.按照，正如2.Hemustdoasthedoctoradvises.3.他按照要求准时出席了会议。Heattendedthemeetingontimeashehadbeentoldto.justas:正如1.Shewenttothebeachwithmejustasshehadpromisedmetodo.2.我正是按照你说的办的。Ididitjustasyoutoldme.asif/though好像，似乎1.Theytreatedtheblackboyasif/asthoughhewereananimal.2.她们看着我就好像我疯了一样。Theylookedatmeasif/thoughIweremad.虚拟语气虚拟语气asif/though的虚拟语气表示所发生的时间结构发生在主句动作之前had+过去分词与主句动作同时发生过去时(be用were)发生在主句动作之后would/could/might/should+原形动词例句1.Theybegantotalkwarmlyasiftheyhadknowneachotherforlong.2.Hecoughedtwiceasifsomeoneshouldcome.3.Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif(asthough)theyneverexisted.asif/though好像，似乎也可用陈述语气，表示所说的情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。1.Theylookasif/thoughtheyknoweachother.2.Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupsoon.asif/though好像，似乎asif/though引导的方式状语从句中可省略和主句相同的主语和be动词，直接在引导词后面+分词短语，不定式，介词短语1.Thedirectorleftthemeetingroomasifinanger.2.Theoldmanclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.theway1.PleasepronouncethewordthewayIdo.2.I’mtalkingtoyoujustthewayItalktomyownkids.9．方式状语从句常用引导词：as,asif,asthough特殊引导词：thewayPractice1.他们待这孩子像亲生的一样。Theytreatedthechildrenasifsheweretheirownkid.2.整件事情我记得很清楚，就仿佛昨天发生似的。Irememberthewholethingclearlyasifithappenedyesterday.难点：状语从句的简化1、状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。A.When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.B.He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.C.Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.难点：状语从句的简化2、另外，比较状语从句经常省略。A.I’mtallerthanhe(istall).Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).作业：复习全部状语从句