初中英语语法之定语从句详解与练习原创PPT-(by-Sandy于老师)

概念定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。Thisisaflower.Thisisabeautifulflower.（形容词beautiful为名词flower的定语）Thisisaflowerthathegaveme.概念定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。Thisisaflowerthathegaveme.先行词关系(代)词定语从句概念定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。Themanwhoisverytallismyfather.先行词关系词定语从句概念定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。ThisisthehousewhereIlive.先行词关系词定语从句1各个关系代词具体用法初中阶段涉及到的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which。（1）who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。做宾语时可省略。例如：打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.我正在等的那个男孩非常聪明。Theboy(who)Iamwaitingforisveryclever.定语从句注意：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。1各个关系代词具体用法（2）whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略。例如：你认识我们在门口遇到的那位男士吗？Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？你要见的李先生已经来了。Mr.Lee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.定语从句1各个关系代词具体用法（3）whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：妈妈病的那个女孩今天呆在家里。Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.我认识他父亲是教授的那个男孩。Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.定语从句1各个关系代词具体用法（4）which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。做宾语时可省略。例如：字典是一本解释单词意思的书。Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.这是老师昨天提到的那本书。Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.定语从句注意：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。1各个关系代词具体用法（5）that既指物，也指人，在定语从中作主语或宾语。做宾语时可省略。例如：你认识站在门后的那个女孩吗？Doyouthegirlthatisstandingbehindthedoor?这是老师昨天提到的那本书。Hereisthebook(that)theteachermentionedyesterday.定语从句注意：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。2各个关系副词具体用法初中阶段涉及到的关系副词有when,where。（1）when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于介词+which。例如：我从不会忘记我们工作在农场的时间。I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.就在我离开那天他到了北京。HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.定语从句2各个关系副词具体用法初中阶段涉及到的关系副词有when,where。（2）where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于介词+which。例如：这是我们去年居住的那个房子。Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.父亲工作的那个工厂在城市的东边。Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.定语从句3只能使用that,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。例如：Allthathesaidistrue.所有他说的都是真的。定语从句(2)如果先行词被first,last,much,no,some,any,only,very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which。例如：Thisistheonlybookthattheoldwomanisinterestedin.这是仅有的一本老妇人感兴趣的书。(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：ItwasthesecondhousethatIbought.这是我买的第二个房子。3只能使用that,不用which的情况：(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。例如：Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.这是我今年读过的最好的书。定语从句(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatheremembered.他谈论他记起得的人和事。4只能使用which,不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从句中。例如：Iwilltakethisone,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.我想买这个，它确实是我想要的。定语从句(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.他在谈论的那个事是很重要的。真题再现2.-HaveyouseenthedocumentarynamedABiteofChina-Yeah!It’sthemostfunnyone________Ihaveeverseen.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where1.AfterMandelawasfree(自由的)in1990,hechosetoshakehandswiththepeople________wantedtokillhim.(2014临沂)A.whoseB.whichC./D.who定语从句3.-Doyouknowthegirl_______istalkingwithourteacher?-Oh,sheismysister.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.whereDAA真题再现5.Helikeslow-carbonlife.Helivesinthehouse________hebuilthimselfoutoftrash.(2014十堰)A.whereB.whatC.whichD.inwhich4.Doyouknowtheman_______savedfivepeopleinthefire?(2014宜宾)A.whoB.itC.whenD.whom定语从句6.People______overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.(2014呼和浩特)A．whoisB．whichareC．thatisD．whoareACD真题再现8.—Whichisyournewneighbor,LiuHua?(2014泰安)—Theman_______T-shirtisred.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whose7.WhenRobinsonCrusoegottotheisland,thefirstthing________hedidwastolookforsomefood.（2014广东）A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom定语从句9.—WhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?(2014鄂州)—I’mnotsure.Isitinthehall________canhold300people?A.whereB.whatC.thatD.whenBDC真题再现11.Thephoto_______takenbymybrotherlastweekisverynice.（2015呼和浩特）A．whichwereB．thatisC．thatwereD．whichwas10.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?(2014达州)—Ilikemovies________scarymonsters.A.whichhasB.thathaveC.whathasD.whyhave定语从句12.Thestonebridge_______wasbuiltinSongDynastywasrepairedlastmonth．（2015西宁）A．thatB．whenC．whereBDA真题再现14.-NowadaysWeChatisverypopularamongfriends.-Yes.Itseemstobethebestwayofcommunication________peoplelike.A.thatB.whichC.who13.-Whydon’tyoulikefishing?(2015河南)-Fishingisahobby___________needsmuchpatience,butI’mnotpatientatall.A.whoB.thatC.itD.what定语从句15.Languagelearningisn’tharditself．Theattitude________youhavedecidesifyoucanlearnitwellatlast.(2015哈尔滨)A．whatB．whoC．whichBAC真题再现17.Haveyoueverheardofthenews_______isabouttheStrawberryConcert?(2015南宁)A．whoB．whatC．whichD．when16.—Lily,whatkindofmuseumsdoyoulike?(2015厦门)—Ilikemuseums________canprovidevisitorswithfreeWiFi.A.whatB.thatC.who定语从句BC巩固练习2．Paul’suncleistheman________taughtusEnglishlastyear．A．whereB．whichC．whoD．when1．Maryisayoungcook_______wantstoimproveschooldinners.A．whoB．whoseC．whomD．which定语从句3.Isthereanystudentinyourclass______familyisinBeijing?A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.whoACA巩固练习5.Isthisfactory_______youwenttolastsummer?A.thatB.theoneC.whichD.who4.Hetookpicturesandvideosofmanythingsthatpeople________.A.haveseenagoB.hadseenagoC.haveneverseenbeforeD.hadneverseenbefore定语从句6.Thenumberofthestudents_______stayeduplatelastnightreachedfifty.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.whichDBA巩固练习8.Itsoundedlikeabird_______wasflyingovermyhead.A.whoB.howC.whatD.which7.Theteacher_______wesawyesterdayisMr.Wang,anewcomer.A.／B.whereC.whatD.how定语从句9.Wedon'tknowthenameofthefish______eatpeopleintheriverinSouthAmerica.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whichADD巩固练习11.ZhangLiliisconsideredasthemostbeautifulteacher______gaveherlovetoherstudentsindanger.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which10.OnmywayhomeafterschoolyesterdayImetayoungman______IthoughtwasyourbestfriendTom.A.whomB.whatC.whichD.who定语从句12.Thelittleboywaswrappingthepresent______wouldbesenttohisteacher.A.whoB./C.whatD.thatDBD巩固练习14.-Whatareyoulookingfor?-I’mlookingforthering______myhusbandboughtmelastyear.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it13.Successwillbelongtothose________neversay“impossible”.A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which定语从句15.Thisistheprimaryschool______Istudiedthreeyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.whichCAA巩固再现1.Thehouse_____________weliveinisverybig.2.Theboy_____________isplayingfootballisveryclever.3.Thisisthebook_____________hegavemeformybirthday.4.Theman_________talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_________hehadvisited.定语从句that/whichwho/thatthat/whichwho/thatthat巩固再现6.Thereisnothingintheworld_________canfrightenhim.7.Shewearsagoldring,_________isveryuncommoninourclass.8.Wevisitedafactory___________makestoysforchildren.9.Isthistheplace_________yourfatheroncelived?10.I’llneverforgetthedays_________IjoinedtheLeague.定语从句thatwhichthat/whichwherewhen巩固再现1.Thehouse_____weliveinisverybig.2.Theboy_____isplayingfootballisveryclever.3.Thisisthebook_____hegavemeformybirthday.4.Theman_____talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_____hehadvisited.6.Thereisnothingintheworld_____canfrightenhim.7.Shewearsagoldring,_____isveryuncommoninourclass.8.Wevisitedafactory_____makestoysforchildren.9.Isthistheplace_____yourfatheroncelived?10.I’llneverforgetthedays_____IjoinedtheLeague.定语从句