初中英语语法之宾语从句详解与练习原创PPT-(by-Sandy于老师)

概念宾语从句在复合句子中，作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。例如：Iknowthatyouareagoodboy.我想知道这是谁的书。1.宾语从句的引导词宾语从句宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that；2）whether/if；3）特殊疑问词what/when/where/who等。例如：Hesaidthathecouldhelpme.Yourmotheraskedifyoucouldfinishyourworkthisweek.Canyoutellmewhenthesportsmeetingwillbegin？(1)以that引导的宾语从句：宾语从句that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，可以省略。Hesaid(that)hecouldcomeontime.他说他会准时来的。Iknow(that)youlikeEnglishverymuch.(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句：宾语从句从属连词if,whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。例如Iwanttoknowwhether/ifyoucanfinishtheworkbeforeFriday.我想知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。Idon’tcarewhetheryoulikethestoryornot.我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句：宾语从句注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。1)接带to的动词不定式。Shedoesn’tknowwhethertogotothezoo.她不知道是不是去动物园。2)与ornot连用时。I’mnotsurewhetherornothewillcomeontime.他能否准时来，我说不准。(3)特殊疑问词what/when/where/who等引导的宾语从句宾语从句此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who,whom,whose,what,which等连接代词和where,when,how,why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。例如：Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?请问我们得走哪个门？Hedidn’ttellmehowlonghewouldstayhere.他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。2.宾语从句的语序宾语从句由whether/if（第二种）和特殊疑问词（第三种）引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时，注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。Wheredoesyourfatherwork?Canyoutellus?→Canyoutelluswhereyourfatherworks?你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗？Didyougethomeverylate?Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIgothomeverylate.他问我是否到家很晚。3.宾语从句的时态对应宾语从句(1)如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。例如：Myteachersayshewillbebackinaweek.（一般将来时）我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。MyteachersaysheiswatchingTV.（现在进行时）我的老师说他正在看电视。Myteachersayshehasseenthemovie.（现在完成时）我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。3.宾语从句的时态对应宾语从句(2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。例如：MyfathersaidhewaswatchingTVatthattime.（过去进行时）我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。Myfathersaidthehehadalreadyseenthemovie.（过去完成时）我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。注意：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，无论主句什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。例如：Ourteachertoldusthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.（一般现在时）我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。客观真理4.宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句主句如果是Ithink/believe/imagine/suppose/guess/expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。例如：Idon’tthinkthey’llwaittothelastminute，willthey？我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？Idon’tbelievehedidthis,didhe?我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？真题再现2.—Couldyoutellme________?(2014扬州)—InAugust,2014.A.wherewilltheYouthOlympicGamestakeplaceB.whenwilltheYouthOlympicGamestakeplaceC.wheretheYouthOlympicGameswilltakeplaceD.whentheYouthOlympicGameswilltakeplace1.—Jack,couldyoutellme___________fortravelingthissummer?(2014连云港)—WeplantogoandseethebeautifulseainHainan.A.whereyourfamilywillgoB.howwillyourfamilygoC.howyourfamilywillgoD.wherewillyourfamilygo宾语从句CD真题再现4.—Doyouknow_________?(2014重庆)—Thisafternoon.A.whenwillthepolicemangiveusatalkB.wherewillthepolicemangiveusatalkC.whenthepolicemanwillgiveusatalkD.wherethepolicemanwillgiveusatalk3.—Couldyoupleasetellme________?(2014十堰)—Ofcourse.ManypeopleinShiyanknowit.A.whereisMountWudangB.howcanIgettoWulongRiverC.whatisShenlongjiafamousforD.iftherewillbeanewairportinShiyan宾语从句DC真题再现6．Shegotaniceskirtasapresentonherbirthday．Doyouknow_______?(2014呼和浩特)A．whatwasitmadeofB．howmuchdiditcostC．whobuysitforherD．wheresheboughtit5.Ihavesometicketsforthebasketballmatch.Iwonder______.(2014河北)A.whereyoubuytheticketsB.whyyouliketogothereC.ifyou'dliketocomealongD.whenyouwatchthematch宾语从句CD真题再现8.Ididn'tknow______.(2014武汉)A.whenwouldthetrainarriveB.wherecouldIgetthebookC.whathasbeendoneD.wholeftthemessage7.—Doyouknow_________themeeting?(2014北京)—Tomorrowmorning.A.whentheyhadB.whentheyaregoingtohaveC.whendidtheyhaveD.whenaretheygoingtohave宾语从句BD真题再现10.Idon'tunderstand______suchasillyquestioninclassyesterday.(2014广州)A.whydidJohnaskB.whyJohnaskedC.whyisJohnaskingD.whyJohnasks9.—Couldyoutellme_______yuanxiaoinChina?(2014天津)—UsuallyatLanternFestival.A.whendopeopleeatB.howdopeopleeatC.whenpeopleeatD.howpeopleeat宾语从句CB真题再现12．—Couldyoupleasetellme________？(2015南通)—Bytakinganonlinetour．A．inwhichwaycanIimprovemywritingskillsB．howIcantravelaroundtheworldineighthoursC．whatplacesofinterestwecanvisitatatimeD．howshouldIgetsomemoreusefulinformation11.—Mum,canyoutellme?Idreamedofhimlastnight.(2015陕西)—Nextweek.A.whenmydadcomesbackB.wheremydadgoesC.whenmydadwillcomebackD.wheremydadwillgo宾语从句CB真题再现14.—LiMing,doyouknow_______thisyear?(2015兰州)—It’sonJune20th.A.whenistheDragonBoatFestivalB.whenistheMid-autumnFestivalC.whentheMid-autumnFestivalisD.whentheDragonBoatFestivalis13．—Couldyoupleasetellme_____?(2015呼和浩特)—Abouttwentyminutesago.A．whendidyouseethiskidB．wheredidyouseethiskidC．whenyousawthiskidD．whereyousawthiskid宾语从句CD真题再现16.—Ms.Petty,canyoutellme_______?(2015温州)—Africa.A.whatthebabygiraffelikeseatingB.whythebabygiraffelooksunhappyC.whenthebabygiraffewasbornD.wherethebabygiraffecamefrom15．Iwonder.(2015青岛)A.howwillyoucelebrateThanksgivingB.thattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.C.whatdopeopleeatontheMid-AutumnFestivalD.whetheryouwillmakeresolutiononNewYear’sDay宾语从句DD真题再现18．—Couldyoutellme_________?(2015河北)—Talkingaboutfestivals.A．howtheyareplayingB．whattheyaredoingC．wheretheyaregoingD．whytheyarepracticing17.—Doyouknow______?(2015天津)—Foramonth.A.howlongwillshebeawayB.howlongshewillbeawayC.howoftenwillshegothereD.howoftenshewillgothere宾语从句BB真题再现20.—Excuseme,MissChen,couldyoutellme________?(2015福州)—ItisshortfortheSilkRoadEconomicBeltand21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad.A.whattheBeltandRoadmeantB.whatdoestheBeltandRoadmeanC.whattheBeltandRoadmeans19.Franklintoldthemall________tobeinBritainagain.(2015杭州)A.howhappywasheB.howhappyhewasC.howwashehappyD.howhehappywas宾语从句BC巩固练习2．Hewantedtoknow_______theEnglishparty.A．whenwillwehaveB．whenwewillhaveC．whenwouldwehaveD．whenweshouldhave1．—Doyouknow______theCapitalMuseum?—NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisitB．whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisitD．whentheyvisited宾语从句3．Iwanttoknow________．A．whenweshouldarriveattheairportB．whenshouldwearriveattheairportC．whentheairportweshouldarriveatD．whentheairportshouldwearriveatACA巩固练习5.Idon’tknowwhen_____.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave4．-David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme______?-Heisadoctor.A．WhoisheB．whoheisC．whatisheD．whatheis宾语从句6.Doyouknowwhat_____withJim?A.iswrongB.wrongisC.wrongwasD.thematterisDBA巩固练习8.Idon’tthinkheisright,______?A.doIB.isn’theC.isheD.don’tI7.－Iwanttoknow_____.－Whynotgotothepark?A.whereIcangoforapicnicB.wherecanIgoforapicnicC.whatIcangoforapicnicD.whatcanIgoforapicnic宾语从句9.Theteacherdidn’tsayyouwouldcome,_____?A.wouldyouB.wouldn’tyouC.didsheD.didn’tyouADD巩固练习11.Theywonderediftheteacher______themsomeEnglishsongsthenextweek.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taught10.Doyouknow______daughtersheis?A.whoseB.whomC.whatD.who宾语从句12.HeaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenisitDAD巩固练习14.Heaskedme______duringthesummerholiday.A.whereIhadgoneB.whereIhadbeenC.wherehadIgoneD.wherehadIbeen13.Hetoldme______ParisisthecapitalofFrance.A.whichB.theC.thatD.what宾语从句15.I'mnotsurewhether______tomorrow.A.theywillarriveB.willtheyarriveC.theyarriveD.theyhavearrivedCAA巩固练习1.我不知道为什么她如此着迷Appleiphone4s。Idon’tknow_____________________Appleiphone4s.2.我们给了她一些建议，但不知道她是否会接受。We’vegivenhersomeadvice,butIdon’tknow____________________.3.作为社会的一员，我们应该尽最大努力做我们应该做的。Associetymembers,weshouldtryourbesttodo___________________.宾语从句whysheissocrazyaboutwhethershe’llacceptitwhatweshoulddo巩固练习4.-请你告诉我怎么到中山公园好吗？-好的。你可以坐公交车去那。-Couldyoutellme_______________________________?-Yes,youcangotherebybus.5.-汤姆在纽约呢还是已经回家了？-对不起，我不确信是否他已经回来。-IsTomstillinNewYorkoralreadybackathome?-Sorry，I’mnotsure________________________.宾语从句howIcangettoZhongshanparkifhehasbeenback