Unit-2-3-Grammar-宾语从句

宾语从句•初中英语语法宾语从句讲解•小口诀：•宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；•主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；•主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；•陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether,•特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。•基本讲解•来源：直接引语变间接引语•概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。•Hesaid,“Iamgoodatdrawing”.→Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.••1.引导词•(1)that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当,that可省略。•Shesaid,“Iwanttogothere”.→Shesaid(that)shewantedtogothere.•(2)whether或if引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。•“Areyouinterestedingeography?”sheasked.•Sheaskedif/whetherIwasinterestedingeography.•“HaveyoutoldthenewstoLiLei?”Iasked.•Iwonderif/whethershehastoldthenewstoLiLei.•注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外：•①介词短语后只用whether不用if•Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepicnic.•IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.•②引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时，只用whether.•Idon'tknowwhethertoseemydoctortoday.•Ican'tsaywhetherornothewillcomeontime.•③if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether.•Ifyouwanttobeagoodteacher,itwilltaketimes.•Whetheryoucansucceeddependsonhowmucheffortyoupay.•(3)特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，用陈述句语序。•特殊疑问词为：how,when,where,why,which,whose等。•‘Whatdoyouwant?’Heasked.➷HeaskedmewhatIwanted.•Ihavenoideawhereheisnow.•Idon'tknowhowtodealwithit.=Idon'tknowhowIcandealwithit.•Heaskedwhosehandwritingisthebestintheclass.•2.宾语从句时态•①主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制，可用任何时态。•Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?•ShesayssheisgoingtogotoBeijingnextweek.•Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday.•Ithinkpandasareverycute.•②当主句是一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时。•Shedidn'tknowwhytheboywaslateagain.(过去一般)•Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.（过去完成）•IwonderedwhenshewasgoingtoAmerica.（过去将来）•Jimaskedhowsoonhisteacherwouldbeback.（过去将来）•注意注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：•Eg:Hesaid（thattheearthmovesroundthesun./thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.）•Theteachertoldus（seeingisbelieving,buthearingisempty.）•3.从句的语序：•陈述语序，主+谓+其他•whenwillyouleaveforBeijing?（Couldyoupleasetellme）•CouldyoupleasetellmewhenyouwillleaveforBeijing?•Hassheseenthemovie？（Heasked.）•Heaskedifshehadseenthemovie.•注意：•Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter/wrongwithyou?(语序不变)•4.含有宾语从句的主从复合句可以简化成简单句•HehopesthathecanvisitGuilinsomeday.•➷HehopestovisitGuilinsomeday.•Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddo.➷Idon'tknowwhattodo.•Exercises:•1.Canyoutellme___?•A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlived•C.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives•2.Theoldmanaskedme___.•A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinema•C.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema•3.Ithink___youwilllikehim.•A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how•4.Ididn’tknow___hewillcomeornot.•A.thatB.whetherC.ifD.howDCAB•5.Iwonder___.•A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescost•C.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost•6.Sheaskedme___.•A.whohewasB.whowashe•C.whoisheD.whoheis•7.Idon’tknow___.•A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovie•C.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts•8.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay___.•A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrow•C.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrowCAACThankyou!