2021人教版初中英语八年级上期中复习精品课件

英语八年级（上）期中复习重难点单词突破词汇自测1单词意义单词意义毫无意义的愿意的想知道乔装打扮令人愉悦的分享；共用有才能的著名的最初的获得成功的足够的（地）发生比赛有创造力的词汇自测1答案单词意义单词意义meaningless毫无意义的ready愿意的wonder想知道dressup乔装打扮enjoyable令人愉悦的share分享；共用talented有才能的famous著名的primary最初的successful获得成功的enough足够的（地）happen发生competition比赛creative有创造力的词汇自测2单词意义单词意义commongeneralcarefulcarelessscorepointcomparemakeuptryappearintenddifferencedecidesimilar常见/普通的commongeneralordinaryusualcommon（1）常见的；不足为奇的强调出现的次数频繁或范围广泛Isthiswordincommonuse?这是常用词吗?It'samistakequitecommonamongstudents.这是一个学生常犯的错误。（2）共同的；共有的It’sacommondesk.那是一个公用书桌。固定搭配：incommon(with)(与……)有共同之处；共用Realfriendsshouldhaveeverythingincommon.真正的朋友应该在各方面都有相通之处。Thetwobrothershaveabikeincommon.兄弟两共用一辆自行车。general（1）一般的；全体的；总（括）的thegeneralreaders一般读者ageneralmeeting全体会议ageneralmanager总经理generaleducation普通教育（2）ingeneral总的说来；通常a.用作状语Ingeneraltheplanisgood.总的说来，这个计划是好的。b.放在复数名词后作定语Childreningeneralarefondofcandy.小孩子一般都喜欢吃糖。（3）固定搭配：常识侧重指生活经验和见识侧重指普通知识commonsensegeneralknowledgeordinary普通的；平凡的平素的；惯常的；通常的ordinarypeople普通人；老百姓inordinarydress穿便服anordinaryworkingday一个普通工作日usual指经常出现而不变Hearrivedlaterthanusual.他到得比平常晚些。Asusual,thereweren'tmanypeopleatthemeeting.像往常一样，来开会的人不多。强调合乎常规、并不特殊频度副词always100%90%80%60%40%20%10%0%almostalwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardlyeverneverHowoften…?总是几乎总是通常经常有时很少几乎不从不照顾；关心carecarelesscarefulcarefullyn.[U]照看；照料；小心takecareof照顾；负责v.在乎；关心careabout在意adj.粗心的adj.仔细的；小心的becarefulabout当心；注意becareful(not)todo注意（不要）做……adv.细致地；小心地；谨慎地Ihopeyouwillbemorecarefulaboutyourhealth.takecare(not)todo小心（不要）做……carefor照看；照顾；喜欢lookafter照看；照顾得分v.得分scorepointn.得分；比分；成绩指所得分数，是一个数字Hisscoreis20pointsmorethanmine.他的分数比我多20分。1point,2points等等，每一分即一个point①ascoreof3:2Thescoreis80.ahigh/lowscore②③n.观点；要点；点；地点；特点；小数点成功；达到获得；得到scoresof许多；大量n.得分；比分v.指向；瞄准pointout指明；指出（问题、错误）scoreagoal进球得分n.二十；二十左右Helivedtobefourscoreyearsandten.compare比较compare…with…把……与……相比同类比较异类比较compare…to…把……比作……，暗含比较意味Comparesomerecentworkwithyourolderstuffandyou'llseehowmuchyou'veimproved.把你近来的作品与以前的对照一下，你就会知道你的进步有多大。Stillonly25,shehasbeencomparedtothegreatestdancerofalltime.她才25岁就被誉为有史以来最伟大的舞蹈家。comparisonn.比较；对比Theymadeacomparisonofdifferentcountries'eatinghabits.他们对不同国家的饮食习惯作了一番比较。By/IncomparisonwiththeFrench,theBritisheatfarlessfish.与法国人相比，英国人吃鱼要少得多。尝试和打算try(one’sbest)todosth.trydoingsth.managetodosth.attempttodosth.attemptdoingsth.intend(sb.)todosth.成功，设法做成某事尝试，长期的一贯性行为打算（让某人）做某事尽力，试图做某事试验，试着做某事尝试，具体的一次性行为meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事决定decidedecideddecidingdeciderv.决定decidetodosth.决定做某事adj.确定的；明显的adj.决定性的makeadecision做决定-er与动词相关的人或物n.决胜局；决定者adecidedadvantage明显优势decisiondecideonsb./sth.决定；选定adecidingfactor决定性因素n.决定；决策makeupone’smind下定决心decideagainstsb./sth.决定不做；判决……败诉make短语组成；构成makeup编；编造补上；弥补化妆；打扮Nineplayersmakeupateam.Theaudiencewasmadeupofveryyoungchildren.Mydadisreallygoodatmakingupstories.Imadeupanexcuseabouthavingtolookafterthekids.Johnmustmakeuptheworkhemissed.Becauseyouwereill,you’llhavetomakeupthefinalexam.Youneedtodosomethingtomakeupforyourrudeness.Theactorsweremaking(themselves)upwhenwearrived.make短语bemadeofbemadefrombemadeinmakefunofmakeuseofmakesenseof由……制成（看得见原材料）由……制成（看不见原材料）由某地制造取笑；嘲笑使用；利用懂得；了解异同differdifferentdifferentlydifferencesimilarvi.与……不同differin…在……方面不同differfrom…与……不同adj.不同的bedifferentfrom…与……不同adv.不同地n.区别；差异；分歧makeadifferenceto…对……产生影响adj.相似的besimilarto…与……相似familiaradj.熟悉的befamiliarwith…熟悉……不定代词不定代词不明确指代不定代词基本用法all,both,each,neither,either,much,little,many,few,other,another,some,any,one在句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,noone,nobody,nothing,none在句中可作主语、宾语或表语every,no在句中只能作定语普通不定代词01it,one,thatitonethat指上文出现过的同一事物Ileftmydictionaryonthedesk,butitisgone.代替与前面事物同一类的事物，并不是同一个的事物Idon’tlikethisshirt.Couldyoushowmeabetterone?可代替可数名词，也可代替不可数名词，相当于the+名词Thebookisbetterthanthatontheshelf.注意：one只能代替[C]n.，如果代替的是特指的[U]n.，不能用theone，而应用that。I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthanthatinthecity.—Excuseme.Iwanttobuysomestamps.WherecanIfindapostoffice?—Iknow______notfarfromhere.Youcaneasilyfind______.A.that;itB.it;oneC.one;itsome,anysome一些。修饰或指代可数名词或不可数名词，通常用于肯定句中Therearesomeapplesandbreadonthetable.anyAllworkisnotboring;someisinteresting.一些。修饰或指代可数名词或不可数名词，通常用于否定句和疑问句中Therearen’tanyapplesorbreadonthetable.用于肯定句中，表示任何一个Youcanbuythisbookatanybookstoreinourcity.用于疑问句中，表示希望得到对方肯定的回答CouldIhavesomewater,please?some,any句式someany肯定句一些任何一个否定句代替some表示“一些”疑问句希望得到对方肯定的回答代替some表示“一些”条件句表示说话者的肯定语气代替some表示“一些”either,neithereither两者中的任意一个，可以单独使用，也可以作定语，可与of搭配—Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?neither—Oh,Idon’tmind.EitherisOK.两者都不，可以单独使用，也可以作定语，可与of搭配Neitheransweriscorrect.Neitheroftheanswersiscorrect.Therearemanyflowersoneithersideoftheroad.作主语时谓语动词用单数—CanyouspeakChineseorEnglish?—Sorry.Icanspeakneither.either,neitherbothAandBA和B都……BothLucyandLilylikeswimming.eitherAorB要么A，要么B谓语动词用复数Eitherheoryouareright.NeitheryounorIlikedancing.neitherAnorBA和B都不……Eitheryouorheisright.谓语动词遵循就近原则谓语动词遵循就近原则NeitheryounorLucylikesswimming.many,muchmany修饰或指代可数名词Manyhandsmakelightwork.人多好办事。muchManyofthevisitorstoourcityarefromtheFarEast.修饰或指代不可数名词Muchofthenewsonthepageconcernsthecarcrash.Howmuchbreaddoyouhave?Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?作主语时谓语动词用复数Idon’thavemuchmoney.Muchremainstobedone.还有很多工作要做。作主语时谓语动词用单数many,much短语意思用法toomanytoomuchmuchtoomanytoo不存在不存在斩首法许多；太多+可数名词许多；太多+不可数名词非常；太……+形容词/副词few,little代词意义用法few几乎没有（否定）修饰/替代可数名词afew有几个（肯定）little几乎没有（否定）修饰/替代不可数名词alittle有一点（肯定）复合不定代词02常见复合不定代词somebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomeoneanyonenooneeveryonesomethinganythingnothingeverything某人任何人没有人每人/大家某人某事/物任何事/物没有事/物每个事/物任何人没有人每人/大家复合不定代词的用法1.复合不定代词作主语时，都看作单数，谓语动词用单数Someoneisreadingintheclassroom.2.含-body和-one的复合不定代词，用来指人，两者可以互换；含-thing的复合不定代词用来指物Someoneisreadingintheclassroom.=Somebodyisreadingintheclassroom.3.含some-的复合不定代词用于肯定句及希望得到肯定答复的请求、建议类疑问句中；含any-的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Idon'tknowanybodyhere.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?复合不定代词的用法4.everyone指每一个人；everyone既可以指人，也可以指物everyoneofthefamily家庭中的每一份子everyoneofthebags这些包包中的每一个5.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，需放在复合不定代词之后somethingimportant一些重要的事情someoneelse其他任何人或别人比较等级句型比较级和最高级的构成构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词一般加-er或-esttalltallertallest以e结尾只加-r或-stnicenicernicest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母再加-er或-estbigbiggerbiggest以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加-er或-esteasyeasiereasiest部分双音节词和多音节词，在词前加more或mostimportantmoreimportantmostimportant不规则变化原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestbad,badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmany,muchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest同级比较01同级比较Eatingtoomuchisasbadaseatingnothing.TomdoeshishomeworkascarefullyasKate.1.A+谓语+as+adj./adv.原级+as+BRunningforfifteenminutesisnotso/asusefulaswalkingbrisklyforthirtyminutes.Hedidn’tgetupas/soearlyasIdid.2.A+谓语(not)+as/so+adj./adv.原级+as+B比较级02比较等级ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica.A+谓语+adj./adv.比较级+than+BChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.范围不一致范围一致比较等级重要句型Markisgettingtallerandtaller.1.……比较级+and+比较级……越来越……2.the+比较级……,the+比较级……越……越……Thehigheryouclimb,thefartheryouwillsee.Themoredifficultthequestionsare,thelesslikelyheisabletoanswerthem.Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.最高级03最高级Markisthemostintelligentinhisclass.A+谓语+the+adj./adv.最高级+比较范围Markismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=比较级表示最高级Markisthetalleststudentinhisclass.Markistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=最高级重要句型ThisisoneofthebestmoviesthatIhaveeverseen.1.oneof+最高级+n.(pl.)最……之一Americahasthethirdlargestpopulationintheworld.2.the+序数词+最高级+n.第几最……倍数表达法04倍数表达法Thistableisthreetimesasbigasthatone.1.A+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B2.A+谓语+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than+BThistableistwicebiggerthanthatone.3.A+谓语+倍数+thesize/length/height/width/…+of+BThistableisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.