中考英语介词复习课件,中考英语介词考点归纳

Prepositions中考英语总复习一.表示时间介词三.表示方位介词二.表示地点介词四.表示方法、手段五.常见介词的搭配介词+名./代.(宾格)/动词-ing2010Marchspringthemorningthefuture7.30nighttheageof19first/lastthemomentMondayMarch5March5th,2010MondaymorningholidayChildren’sDayinonatPrepositionsoftime时间介词Conclusion:总结•表示较长时间如：世纪、年代、年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词in。inthe19thcentury;2010;March;spring;themorning;thefuture•表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、中午/夜晚/子夜、就餐时间或其它的习惯用法中要用at。at7.30;theageof19;noon/night/midnight;lunchtime;first/last；atChristmasonMonday;March5th;March5th,2010;Children’sDay;acoldmorning;holiday•表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的节日、有修饰上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词on。1.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis___themorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.at2.Thetwinswereborn__aFridayevening.A.inB.onC.at3.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived__5o’clock__themorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,in4.Wefinishourlessons___11:30andthenhavearest__noon.A.in,inB.at,atC.in,at2.1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at3.Theyhavebeenhere__anhour.A.forB.afterC.in在……之后（内）用于将来时in+时间段在……之后用于过去时after+时间段3.for+时段since+时段+agosince+时间点since+一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时1.Hecamehere__1992,andhehaslivedhere___1992.A.in,forB.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei__overfiveyears.A.inB.sinceC.for3.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehe__here.A.comeB.cameC.comes4.Theoldmanhasbeenaway___twoyearsago.A.inB.sinceC.for5.Theyhaven’tseenAlice______lastyear.6.AlicehasbeeninWonderland______onemonth.sincefor4.before在……之前by到……时为止,不迟于……1.Hewon’tcomeback___five.A.beforeB.afterC.by2.Theworkmustbefinished__Friday.A.atB.byC.after3.Wehadthreemeetings___lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.by•表示持续一段时间用介词for:for＋段时间•表示“自……以来”,从过去某一时刻到现在,用介词since,用于现在完成时。•表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词from…to…。•表示“在……的期间”要用介词during,during表示在特定的时间里。•表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止,用介词till/until。until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首,不可延续的则用not…Conclusion:1.Alice______gotobed_______11p.m.lastnight2.Waithere______therainstops.3.______getoffthebus____itstops.untiluntildidn’tuntilDon’tFillintheblanks:1.______thelifetime,HepburnearnedfourmoreOscarnominations.2.Ithasrained______thedaybeforeyesterday.3.ItwasaverylongdayforJack.Hedidn’tgethomefromschool______sixo’clock.1.Hewon’tcomeback___five.A.beforeB.afterC.by2.Wehadthreemeetings___lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.bysinceDuringuntil二.地点介词1.on在……的上面,与表面接触over在……的正上方,不接触表面under在……下面(是on,over的反义词)1.Look!Thereisabridge__theriver.A.onB.overC.above2.Canyouseetheegg___theplate?A.onB.inC.over3.Thelight__usisverybright.A.overB.underC.on2.above在……上方below在……下方,是above的反义词1.Thetemperaturewillfall__zeroatnight.A.belowB.aboveC.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice___thetree.A.belowB.aboveC.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.It’s___theblackboard.A.onB.inC.above4.Aroadis___ourcityandthereismuchtraffic___it.A.on,overB.above,onC.over,on5.Thesunrose___thehorizon(地平线).A.onB.aboveC.over注意:on接触平面over在平面的正上方above在上方3.in+大地方at+小地方on+门牌，某层楼1.Myunclelive___F12__thefifthfloor.A.at,onB.in,onC.on,at2.Theyarrived___Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus___thestationtothehotel.A.at,inB.in,onC.in,at4.in里面，排、行、组on左、右边at前、后部1.Weare__TeamOne.Isit__thefrontoftheclassroom.LiPingis___myleft.A.on,in,atB.in,in,atC.in,at,on2.Ihaveagoodseat.Isit__thebus.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.Theteacherisstanding___ourclassandgiveatalk.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof•infrontof是在物体外部的前面例如:教室前有个花园。e.g.Thereisagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.•inthefrontof是在物体内部的前面例如:教室前有张桌子。e.g.Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.•Therearesomeapples______thedesk.•Thereisabridge______theriver.•Sandylives____thegroundfloor.Daniellivesonthethirdfloor.Daniellivestwofloors______Sandy.onoveraboveon•at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围内。•over,above和on均表示“在……上面”,over反义词是under;above反义词是below;on指两个物体表面有接触。•infrontof表示“在……前面”,其反义词是behind;inthemiddleof表示“在……的中间”。•between两者之间,among“在……中”数目为三者或三者以上,around围绕在四周。•beside“在旁边”,inside“在……内”,outside“在……外”。Conclusion:•near/by/nextto“在……旁边”。•opposite,acrossfrom“在……对面”。1.Marysits________(在……附近)thewindow.2.Sheissitting_______(在……中间)BettyandTom.3.YaoMingisapopularbasketballplayer________(在……之中)theChinesepeople.4.Ourteacherisstanding_________(在……前面)theblackboard.Fillintheblanks:betweenamongnear/infrontofby5.Myteachersaystheearthmoves_______(围绕)thesun.6.Thereisashop_________(在……对面)ourschool.aroundopposite1.in在某范围之内to在某范围之外on与某地相邻、接壤1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in2.Mongoliais___thenorthofChina.A.inB.onC.to三.方位介词•三组表示位置关系的介词比较•Bis___theeastofA.•Dis___theeastofA.•Cis___theeastofA.1.Japanis___theeastofAsia.2.Japanis___theeastofChina.3.Koreais___thenortheastofChina.northsouthwesteastABCDintoonintoonTask3:Runquickly!throughacrossupdownoveraround四、Prepositionsofmovement运动介词横穿从内部穿过cross表面穿过through中间穿过1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom___thewindow.A.acrossB.throughC.past2.Youcango___theroadhere.A.acrossB.throughC.past3.Canyouswim____theriver.A.acrossB.throughC.past•up表示“向上”,其反义词down表示“向下”。•along表示“沿着”。•into表示进入的过程;onto为放上去的过程;outof为“在……外部”。•over表示“越过,跨过”。Conclusion:•from表示“从,自”;to表示“向,往,到”。•off表示“脱离,不触及”。round表示“环绕,围绕”。1.Millieiswalking________theroad.(沿着)2.Simonisswimming________thepool.(横穿)3.Eddieisjumping________thechair.(越过)4.Atrainisgoing_______thetunnel.(穿过)5.Kittyisclimbing_______thehill.(向上)6.Amyiswalking______thesofa______thewindow.7.Sandyisgoing______thelibrary.(去)8.Hoboiswalking_______thetable.(环绕着)Fillintheblanks:alongthroughacrossoverupfromtotoround1.WecouldnotmakegreatprogressinourEnglish_______ourteacher’shelp.2.Ipaidonehundred_______theEnglish-Chinesedictionary.3.Hespendsabouttwohours_______hishomeworkeveryday.4.Hedidn’tgotoschoolbecause______illness.5.Iftheydon’tgiveuscandies,wewillplayatrick______them.Fillintheblanks:withoutofforonon没有……的帮助付款在……上花费因为对……恶作剧Correct:1.Inthebeginningofthefilm,therewasaparty.2.Redqueen’scastleisontheeastofWonderland.3.Thereisanoldstonebridgeabovetheriver.4.Shehidherselfafterthetree.5.AlicevisitedtheoldmaninSundayafternoon.6.She’llleaveLondontoChina.onforAtbehindoverin6.Hesuddenlyreturned_________________.(在一个寒冷的雨夜)7.Moreandmorepeopleliketosleep__________________.(窗户开着)8.Hewillbeback______________.(三天后)Fillintheblanks:inthreedaysonacoldrainydaywiththewindowsopenMultiplechoice:1.Where’sAlice?Weareallhere______her.A.besidesB.aboutC.exceptD.with2.Shesentherfriendacardapresent.A.onB.asC.forD.of3.Thefilmisdirected______TimBurton.A.toB.forC.asD.by4.Alicewaslate______theparty.A.forB.toC.withD.of5.Shehadbeenwaiting______10years.A.withB.forC.ofD.at6.Aliceisthegirl______blue.A.withB.ofC.inD.on______3.to表目的地或去的目的for动身去某地1.Hegotonatrain___Shanghai.A.toB.forC.towards2.Wilyoutakeatrain___Tianjian.A.toB.forC.at3.I’mleaving____Beijingnextweek.A.toB.forC.towards五.表方式、方法、手段1.in用材料、语言2.with用工具、某物3.by用方式、方法、手段1.Mymotheroftengotowork___bike.A.inB.onC.by2.Ifyouareabletogettheticketstomorrow,pleasetellme___phone.A.throughB.byC.on3.Theteacheriswritingonthepaper__redinkandtheblackboard__apieceofchalk.A.with,withB.in,withC.with,in4.Canyousayit___English?A.inB.withC.by5.Youcangetsomeinformation__thecomputer.A.inB.onC.by1.between在两者之间among在……当中（三者或以上）1.Somesupermarketsopen__8:30and8:00p.m.__theMid-AutumnDay.A.at,duringB.between,duringC.between,in2.Theylived____themountainsinthepast.A.amongB.betweenC.during3.Don’tsit____thetwogirls.A.amongB.betweenC.during六.其它介词2.except除……之外，不包括besides除……之外，还包括1.Everyonepassedtheexam___Tom.A.besidesB.exceptC.for2.__MrLi,fiveteacherswenttothemeeting.A.BesidesB.ExceptC.Beside3.常见的介词搭配①It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.②It’sverygoodforyoutodoexercise.③theanswer(key)tothequestion(lock)④befamousfor⑤befamousas⑥bemadeof⑦bemadefrom⑧ontime⑨intime1.writewithapen,cutwithaknife,lockwithakey…____________________使用工具用介词with2.seewithoureyes,dowithourhands,smellwithournoses,eatwithourmouths…____________________使用器官用介词withPrepositionsofways3.inEnglish,inFrench,inyourownwords,inthreelanguages…_____________________4.inaloudvoice,inalowvoice…______________________5.inthisway,intheseways,bythismeans…______________________使用语言用介词in使用声音用介词in使用方法用介词in或by6.bybike,bybus,bytrain,byplane,byship,bycar…(onfoot)byland陆路，byroad陆路bysea水路，byair空运________________________使用交通工具用by但：onthebike,onabus,onatrain,ontheplane,ontheship,inthecar…•bemadeof＋从成品上看得出的材料•bemadefrom＋从成品上看不出的原料•bemadein＋产地•bemadeby＋制造者•ItissaidthatthiskindofclothismadeofsilkanditismadeinChina.•据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。•Thiswineismadefromgrapes.•这酒是葡萄酿的。•ThismachineismadebyUncleWang.•这机器是王伯伯制造的。介词和动词的固定搭配。(1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配：lookat(看)lookfor(找)lookafter(照顾)lookover(检查)lookoutof(朝……外面看)look(a)round(环视)arrivein＋大地方(到达)arriveat＋小地方(到达)hearof(听说)hearfrom(收到……的来信)spend＋钱＋onsth.(花钱做某事)spend＋时间＋(in)doingsth.(花时间做某事)同一介词和不同动词的搭配：askfor(要求)leavefor(动身去)sendfor(派人去请)payfor(付钱)waitfor(等待)agreewithsb(同意某人)beginwith(以……开始)helpwith(在……方面帮助)catchupwith(赶上)geton/alongwith(与……相处)makefriendswith(与……交朋友)(2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配：askfor(要求)leavefor(动身去)sendfor(派人去请)payfor(付钱)waitfor(等待)agreewithsb(同意某人)beginwith(以……开始)helpwith(在……方面帮助)catchupwith(赶上)geton/alongwith(与……相处)makefriendswith(与……交朋友)(3)其他的介词和动词的搭配：listento(听)comefrom(来自……)falloff(从……上摔下)tryout(试验)knockat/on(敲)prefer...to...(比起……来还是……好)learnbyoneself(自学)takecareof(照顾)stop...(from)doing(阻止……做……)helponeselfto＋食物(随便吃……)getto(到达)Thanksto(多亏，由于)介词和形容词的常见搭配：begoodat(在……方面好)beweakin(在……方面差)begoodfor(对……有好处)bebadfor(对……有坏处)belatefor(迟到)besorryfor(为……遗憾，抱歉)befullof(充满)bebusywith(忙于)beangrywith(对某人生气)beafraidof(害怕)beinterestedin(对……感兴趣)bedifferentfrom(与……不同)bestrictwithsb.insth.(在某事上对某人严格)befondof(喜爱)1.害怕2.对……惊讶3.生气4.对……兴奋5.对……满意6.以……著名7.充满了8.擅长9.对……感兴趣10.迟到11.与……不同beafraidofbeamazedatbeangrywithbeexcitedaboutbepleasedwithbefamousforbefilledwithbegoodatbeinterestedinbelateforbedifferentfromRememberandtranslate:hearfromringupholdonsenduphurryupstopsb.fromdoingsth.knockat/ontakedown/out/offlaughattakepartinlistentothinkaboutlookafter/at/for/up/outtryontakecareofturnon/offmakefriendswithwaitforpayforwakeupputon/upwritedownputsth.downworryabout中考精选练习:一.选择填空:()1.Thereisagoodplay______TVthisevening.A.onB.byC.in（２００３佛山）()2.Howfarisit____Guangzhou____Beijing?A.from…toB.from…forC.away…to()3.Japanlies_____theeastofChina.（２００３广东）A.toB.inC.on()4.Mr.BrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in（２００２广东）()5.A:Whattimedidyougettherethismorning?B:____eight.A.InB.AtC.OnAAACB)6.Myauntarrivedhere____awarmspringmorningA.inB.atC.on()7.A:Whendidyourunclearrive______China?B:HegottoGuangzhou______themorningofthe16thofApril.A.in,onB.in,inC.at,on()8.Hawaiiisfamous_____itsbeautifulbeaches.A.inB.forC.with()9.Don’tbeangrywith____.Heisonlyachild.A.heB.hisC.him()10.Wemuststopchildrenfrom______withfire.A.playB.playedC.playingCABCCprepositiontimeplacemovementusagesPrep+n./pron.(object)/v-ing