大学英语四级真题及答案,大学英语四级真题及答案解析

("大学英语四级真题及答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthefollowingtopic.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.题目一：Supposeaforeignfriendofyoursiscomingtovisityourcampus,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Supposeaforeignfriendofyoursiscomingtovisityourhometown,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：SupposeaforeignfriendofyoursiscomingtovisitChina,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A.SeeadoctoraboutherstrainedshoulderB.Usealaddertohelpherreachthetea.C.Replacethecupboardwithanewone.D.Placetheteaonalowershelfnexttime.1.W:Ican’tseemtoreachtheteaatthebackofthecupboard。M:Oh…Whydon’tyouusetheladder?Youmightstrainyourshoulder。Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?2.A.AtMaryJohnson’sB.InanexhibitionhallC.Atapainter’sstudio.D.Outsideanartgallery.2.W:Sinceit’srainingsohard,let’sgoandseethenewexhibits。M:That’sagoodidea.MaryJohnsonisoneofmyfavoritepainters。Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?3.A.Theteacherevaluatedlacksteachingexperience.B.Shedoesnotquiteagreewithwhatthemansaid.C.Themanhadbettertalkwiththestudentshimself.D.Newstudentsusuallycannotofferafairevaluation.3.M:Ihearthestudentsgavethenewteacheranunfairevaluation。W:Itdependsonwhichstudentyouaretalkingabout。Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?4.A.HehelpedDorisbuildupthefurniture.B.Dorishelpedhimarrangethefurniture.C.Dorisfixedupsomeofthebookshelves.D.Hewasgoodatassemblingbookshelves.4.W:Itmusthavetakenyoualongtimetofixupallthesebookshelves。M:Itwasn’ttoobad.IgotDoristodosomeofthem。Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?5.A.Hedoesn’tgetonwiththeothers.B.Hedoesn’tfeelateaseinthefirm.C.Hehasbeentakenforafool.D.Hehasfoundabetterposition.5.W:Rod,Ihearyou’llbeleavingattheendofthismonth.Isittrue?M:Yeah.I’vebeenofferedamuchbetterpositionwithanotherfirm.I’dbeafooltoturnitdown。Q:Whyisthemanquittinghisjob?6.A.Theyshouldfinishtheworkassoonaspossible.B.Hewillcontinuetoworkinthegardenhimself.C.Heistiredofdoinggardeningonweekends.D.Theycanhireagardenertodothework.6.W:Ihonestlydon’twanttocontinuethegardeningtomorrow,Tony?M:NeitherdoI.ButIthinkweshouldgetitoverwiththisweekend。Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?7.A.Themanhastogetridoftheusedfurniture.B.Theman’sapartmentisreadyforrent.C.Thefurnitureiscoveredwithlotsofdust.D.Thefurniturethemanboughtisinexpensive.7.W:You’vealreadyfurnishedyourapartment?M:Ifoundsomeusedfurniturethatwasdirtcheap。Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?8.A.Themanwillgivethemechanicacall.B.Thewomaniswaitingforacall.C.Thewomanisdoingsomerepairs.D.Themanknowsthemechanicverywell.8.W:Hasthemechaniccalledthebusrepairers?M:Notyet.I’llletyouknowwhenhecalls。Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?9.A.Shehadajobinterviewtoattend.B.Shewasbusyfinishingherproject.C.Shehadtoattendanimportantmeeting.D.Shewasinthemiddleofwritinganessay.Question:9.Whycouldn’tthewoman’sroommateattendtheShakespeareanEnglishclassthatafternoon?W:Nothing,it’sjustthatshesubmittedajobapplicationyesterdayandthecompanyaskedherinforaninterviewtoday.She’safraidshewon’tbeabletoattendyourclassthisafternoonthough.I’mcallingtoseewhetheritwouldbeOKifIgaveyouheressay.Janetsaidit’sduetoday。10.A.Accompanyherroommatetotheclassroom.B.Handinherroommate’sapplicationform.C.Submitherroommate’sassignment.D.Helpherroommatewithherreport.Question:10.Whatfavoristhewomangoingtodoforherroommate?11.A.WhereDr.Ellis’sofficeislocated.B.WhenDr.Ellisleaveshisoffice.C.Directionstotheclassroombuilding.D.Dr.Ellis’sschedulefortheafternoon.Question:11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowattheendoftheconversation?W:Fine,pleasetellherI’llbethereat4:00.AndDr.Ellis,onemorething,couldyoutellmewhereyourofficeis?Janettoldmewhereyourclassis,butshedidn’tgivemedirectionstoyouroffice。12.A.Hefinditratherstressful.B.Heisthinkingofquittingit.C.Hecanhandleitquitewell.D.Hehastoworkextrahours.Question:12.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisjob?M:Notbad,Jane.I’minvolvedinseveralprojectsandit’salongworkingday.ButI’musedtothatsoitdoesn’tbothermetoomuch。13.A.The6:00oneB.The6:30one.C.The7:00oneD.The7:30oneQuestion:13.Whichtraindoesthemantaketoworkeveryday?M:Itwasterribleatfirst,especiallygettingupbeforedawntocatchthat6:30train.Butit’sbearablenowthatI’musedtoit。14.A.Itisanawfulwasteoftime.B.Hefindsitratherunbearable.C.Thetimeonthetrainisenjoyable.D.Itissomethingdifficulttogetusedto.Question:14.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutcommutingtoworkeverydaynow?W:Don’tyouthinkit’sanawfulwasteoftime?Icouldn’tbeartospendthreehourssittinginatraineveryday。M:Iusedtofeelthesameasyou.ButnowIquiteenjoyit。15.A.Readingnewspaper.B.Chattingwithfriends.C.Listeningtothedailynews.D.Planningtheday’swork.Question:15.Howdoesthemanspendhistimeonthemorningtrain?W:Howdoyoupassthetime?Doyoubringsomeworkwithyoutodoonthetrain?M:Ah,that’sagoodquestion.Inthemorning,Ijustsitincomfortandreadthepaperstocatchupwiththenews.Onthewayhomeatnight,Irelaxwithagoodbookorchatwithfriendsorevenhaveagameofbridge。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.16.A)Ignoresmalldetailswhilereading.B)Readatleastseveralchaptersatonesitting.C)Developahabitofreadingcritically.D)Getkeyinformationbyreadingjustonceortwice.Question:16.WhatshouldAmericancollegestudentsdotocopewiththeirheavyreadingassignments?17.A)Chooseone’sownsystemofmarking.B)Underlinethekeywordsandphrases.C)Makeasfewmarksaspossible.D)Highlightdetailsinaredcolor.Question:17.Whatsuggestiondoesthespeakergiveaboutmarkingatextbook?18.A)Byreadingthetextbookscarefullyagain.B)Byreviewingonlythemarkedparts.C)Byfocusingonthenotesinthemargins.D)Bycomparingnoteswiththeirclassmates.Question:18.Howshouldstudentsprepareforanexamaccordingtothespeaker?PassageTwoQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)Thesleepapersonneedsvariesfromdaytoday.B)Theamountofsleepforeachpersonissimilar.C)Onecangetbywithacoupleofhoursofsleep.D)Everybodyneedssomesleepforsurvival.Question:19.Whatistakenforgrantedbymostpeople?20.A)Itisamade-upstory.B)Itisbeyondcure.C)Itisarareexception.D)Itisduetoanaccident.Question:20.WhatdodoctorsthinkofAlHerpin'scase?21.A)Hisextraordinaryphysicalcondition.B)Hismother’sinjuryjustbeforehisbirth.C)Theuniquesurroundingsofhislivingplace.D)Theresthegotfromsittinginarockingchair.Question:21.WhatcouldhaveaccountedforAlHerpin'ssleeplessness?PassageThreeQuestions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.A)SheinvestedinstocksandsharesonWallStreet.B)Shelearnedtowriteforfinancialnewspapers.C)Shedevelopedastronginterestinfinance.D)Shetenderlylookedafterhersickmother.Question:22.WhatdowelearnaboutHettyGreenasachild?23.A)Shemadeawiseinvestmentinrealestate.B)Shesoldtherestaurantwithasubstantialprofit.C)Shegot1.5milliondollarsfromherex-husband.D)Sheinheritedabigfortunefromherfather.Question:23.HowdidHettyGreenbecomerichovernight24.A)Shewasextremelymeanwithhermoney.B)Shewasdishonestinbusinessdealings.C)Shefrequentlyill-treatedheremployees.D)Sheabusedanimalsincludingherpetdog.Question:24.WhywasHettyGreenmuchhated?25.A)Shemadeabigfortunefromwiseinvestment.B)Shebuiltahospitalwithhermother’smoney.C)Shemadehugedonationstocharities.D)Shecarriedonherfamily’stradition.Question:25.WhatdowelearnaboutHetty'sdaughter?SectionCDirection:Inthesection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Amongthekindsofsocialgesturesmostsignificantforsecond-languageteachersarethosewhichare___(26)___informbutdifferentinmeaninginthetwocultures.Forexample,aColombianwhowantssomeoneto___(27)___himoftensignalswithahandmovementinwhichallthefingersofonehand,cupped,pointdownwardastheymoverapidly___(28)___.SpeakersorEnglishhaveasimilargesturethroughthehandmaynotbecuppedandthefingersmaybeheldmoreloosely,butforthemthegesturemeansgoodbyeorgoaway,quitethe___(29)___oftheColombiangesture.Again,inColombian,aspeakerofEnglishwouldhavetoknowthatwhenhe___(30)___heighthemostchoosebetweendifferentgesturesdependingonwhetherheis___(31)___ahumanbeingorananimal.Ifhekeepsthepalmofthehand___(32)___thefloor,ashewouldinhisownculturewhenmakingknowntheheightofachild,forexample,hewillverylikelybegreetedbylaughter,inColombiathisgestureis___(33)___forthedescriptionofanimals.Inordertodescribehumanbeingsheshouldkeepthepalmofhishand___(34)___tothefloor.Substitutionsofonegesturefortheotheroftencreatenotonlyhumorousbutalso___(35)___moment.Inbothoftheexamplesabove,speakersfromtwodifferentcultureshavethesamegesture,physically,butitsmeaningdifferssharply.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Globalwarmingisatrendtowardwarmerconditionsaroundtheworld.Partofthewarmingisnatural;wehaveexperienceda20,000-year-longwarmingasthelasticeageendedandtheice__36___away,However,wehavealreadyreachedtemperaturesthatarein__37__withotherminimum-iceperiods,socontinuedwarmingislikelynotnatural.Weare__38__toapredictedworldwideinincreaseintemperatures__39__betweem1℃and6℃overthenext100years.Thewarmingwillbemore__40__insomeareas,lessinother,andsomeplacesmayevencooloff.Likewise,the__41__ofthiswarmingwillbeverydifferentdependingonwhereyouare-coastalareasmustworryaboutrisingsealevels,whileSiberiaandnorthernCanadamaybecomemorehabitable(宜居的)and__42__forhumansthantheseareasarenow.Thefactremains,however,thatitwilllikelygetwarmer,on__43__,everywhere.Scientistsareingeneralagreementthatthewarmerconditionswehavebeenexperiencingareatleastinparttheresultofahuman-inducedglobalwarmingtrend.Somescientists___44__thatthechangesweareseeingfallwithintherangeofrandom(无规律的)variation-someyearsarecold,otherswarm,andwehavejusthadanunremarkablestringofwarmyears__45___--butthatisbecominganincreasinglyrareinterpretationinthefaceofcontinuedandincreasingwarmconditions.A)appealingI)meltedB)averageJ)persistC)contributingK)rangingD)dramaticL)recentlyE)frequentlyM)resolvedF)impactN)sensibleG)lineO)shockH)maintainSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheEndoftheBook?[A]Amazon,byfarthelargestbooksellerinthecountry,reportedonMay19thatitisnowsellingmorebooksinitselectronicKindleformatthanintheoldpaper-and-inkformat.Thatisremarkable,consideringthattheKindlehasonlybeenaroundforfouryears.E-booksnowaccountfor14percentofallbooksalesinthecountryandareincreasingfarfasterthanoverallbooksales.E-booksalesareup146percentoverlastyear,whilehardbacksalesincreased6percentandpaperbacksdecreased8percent.[B]Doesthisspellthedoomofthephysicalbook?Certainlynotimmediately,andperhapsnotatall.WhatitdoesmeanisthatthebookbusinesswillgothroughatransformationinthenextdecadeorsomoreprofoundthananyithasseensinceGutenbergintroducedprintingfrommoveabletypeinthe1450s.[C]Physicalbookswillsurelybecomemuchrarerinthemarketplace.Massmarketpaperbacks,whichhavebeendecliningforyearsanyway,willprobablydisappear,aswillhardbacksformysteries,thrillers,“romancefiction,”etc.Suchbooks,whichonlyrarelyendupinpermanentcollections,eitherprivateorpublic,willprobablyonlybeavailablease-bookswithinafewyears.Hardbackandtradepaperbacksfor“serious”nonfictionandfictionwillsurelylastlonger.Perhapsitwillbecomethemarkofanauthortoreckonwiththatheorsheisstillpublishedinhardcopy.[D]Asforchildren’sbooks,whoknows?Children’sbooksarelikedogfoodinthatthepurchasersarenottheconsumers,sothemarket(andthemarketing)isinherentlystrange.[E]Forcluestothebook’sfuture,let’slookatsomeexamplesoftechnologicalchangeandseewhathappenedtotheoldtechnology.[F]Onetechnologyreplacesanotheronlybecausethenewtechnologyisbetter,cheaper,orboth.Thegreaterthedifference,thesoonerandmorethoroughlythenewtechnologyreplacestheold.Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum,whichcomesfromsheepskin.ABible—tobesure,alongbook—requiredvellummadefrom300sheepskinsandcountlessman-hoursoflabor.Beforeprintingarrived,aBiblecostmorethanamiddle-classhouse.Therewereperhaps50,000booksinallofEuropein1450.By1500therewere10million.[G]Butwhileprintingquicklycausedthehandwrittenbooktodieout,handwritinglingeredon(继续存在)wellintothe16thcentury.Veryspecialbooksarestilloccasionallyproducedonvellum,buttheyareone-of-a-kindshowpieces.[H]Sometimesanewtechnologydoesn’tdrivetheoldoneout,butonlypartsofitwhileforcingtheresttoevolve.Themovieswerewidelypredictedtodrivelivetheateroutofthemarketplace,buttheydidn’t,becausetheaterturnedouttohavequalitiesmoviescouldnotreproduce.Equally,TVwassupposedtoreplacemoviesbut,again,didnot.[I]Moviesdid,however,fatallyimpactsomepartsoflivetheater.AndwhileTVdidn’tkillmovies,itdidkillsecond-ratepictures,shorts,andcartoons.[J]NordidTVkillradio.Comedyanddramashows(“JackBenny,”“AmosandAndy,”“TheShadow”)allmigratedtotelevision.Butbecauseyoucan’tdriveacarandwatchtelevisionatthesametime,rushhourbecameradio’sprime,whilemusic,talk,andnewsradiogreatlyenlargedtheiraudiences.Radioistodayaverydifferentbusinessthaninthelate1940sandamuchlargerone.[K]Sometimesoldtechnologylingersforcenturiesbecauseofitssymbolicpower.Mountedcavalry(骑兵)replacedthechariot(二轮战车)onthebattlefieldaround1000BC.ButchariotsmaintainedtheirplaceinparadesandtriumphsrightupuntiltheendoftheRomanEmpire1,500yearslater.Theswordhasn’thadamilitaryfunctionforahundredyears,butisstillpartofanofficer’sfull-dressuniform,preciselybecauseaswordalwayssymbolized“anofficerandagentleman.”[L]Sometimesnewtechnologyisalittlecranky(不稳定的)atfirst.Televisionrepairmanwasacommonoccupationinthe1950s,forinstance.Andsotheoldtechnologyremainsasabackup.SteamshipscapturedtheNorthAtlanticpassengerbusinessfromsailinthe1840sbecauseofitsmuchgreaterspeed.Butsteamshipsdidn’tlosetheirsailsuntilthe1880s,becauseearlymarineengineshadanastyhabitofbreakingdown.Untilshipsbecamelargeenough(andenginessmallenough)tomounttwoenginessidebyside,theyneededtokeepsails.(Thehighcostofsteamandthelesserneedforspeedkeptthemajorityoftheworld’soceanfreightmovingbysailuntiltheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury.)[M]Thenthereisthefireplace.Centralheatingwaspresentineveryupper-andmiddle-classhomebythesecondhalfofthe19thcentury.Butfunctioningfireplacesremaintothisdayapowerfulsellingpointinahouseorapartment.Isuspectthereasonisadeep-rootedloveofthefire.Firewasoneoftheearliestmajortechnologicaladvancesforhumankind,providingheat,protection,andcookedfood(whichismucheasiertocatanddigest).Humancontroloffiregoesbackfarenough(overamillionyears)thatevolutioncouldhaveproducedageneticleaningtowardsfireasacentralaspectofhumanlife.[N]Books—especiallybookstheaveragepersoncouldafford—haven’tbeenaroundlongenoughtoproduceevolutionarychangeinhumans.Buttheyhaveapowerfulholdonmanypeoplenonetheless,aholdextendingfarbeyondtheirliterarycontent.Attheirbest,theyareworksofartandthereisatactile（触觉的）pleasureinbooksnecessarilylostine-bookversions.Theabilitytoquicklythumbthroughpagesisalsolost.Andaroomwithbooksinitinduces,atleastinsome,afeelingnotdissimilartothatofafireinthefireplaceonacoldwinter’snight.[O]ForthesereasonsIthinkphysicalbookswillhavealongerexistenceasacommercialproductthansomecurrentlypredict.Likeswords,bookshavesymbolicpower.Likefireplaces,theyinduceasenseofcomfortandwarmth.And,perhaps,similartosails,theymakeausefulback-upforwhenthelightsgoout.46.Authorsstillpublishedinprintedversionswillbeconsideredimportantones.47.Somepeoplearestillinfavorofprintedbooksbecauseofthesenseoftouchtheycanprovide.48.Theradiobusinesshaschangedgreatlyandnowattractsmorelisteners.49.Contrarytomanypeople’spredictionofitsdeath,thefilmindustrysurvived.50.Remarkablechangeshavetakenplaceinthebookbusiness.51.Oldtechnologysometimescontinuestoexistbecauseofitsreliability.52.Theincreaseofe-booksaleswillforcethebookbusinesstomakechangesnotseenforcenturies.53.Anewtechnologyisunlikelytotaketheplaceofanoldonewithoutaclearadvantage.54.Paperbacksofpopularliteraturearemorelikelytobereplacedbye-books.55.Ahousewithafireplacehasastrongerappealtobuyers.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighereducationisn’taneither/orproposition(命题)，althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM（science,technology,engineering,maths）-relatedfieldscanmakeitseemthatway.Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,butalsoassertsthatthestudyofthehumanities(人文学科)andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralcomponentsofAmerica’seducationalsystematalllevels.Botharecriticaltoproducingcitizenswhocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety,becomeinnovative（创新的)leaders,andbenefitfromthespiritualenrichmentthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertimeprovides.Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates’jobprospectsastechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransformprofessionsinwaysthatreducewagesandcutjobs.Underthesecircumstances,it’snaturaltolookforwhatmayappeartobethemost“practical”wayoutoftheproblem“Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob”seemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.Indeed,accordingtosurveys,employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhohavereceivedabroadly-basededucationthathastaughtthemtowritewell,thinkcritically,researchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.Moreover,studentsshouldbepreparednotjustfortheirfirstjob,butfortheir4thand5thjobs,asthere’slittlereasontodoubtthatpeopleenteringtheworkforcetodaywillbecalledupontoplaymanydifferentrolesoverthecourseoftheircareers.Theoneswhowilldothebestinthisnewenvironmentwillbethosewhoseeducationshavepreparedthemtobeflexible.Theabilitytodrawuponeveryavailabletoolandinsight—pickedupfromscience,arts,andtechnology—tosolvetheproblemsofthefuture,andtakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatpresentthemselves,willbehelpfultothemandtheUnitedStates.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56.Whatdoesthelatestcongressionalreportsuggest?A)STEM-relatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationsociety.B)ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.C)Theliberalartsinhighereducationhelpenrichstudents’spirituallife.D)Highereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety.57.Whatisthemainconcernofstudentswhentheychooseamajor?A)Theirinterestinrelevantsubjects.B)Theacademicvalueofthecourses.C)Thequalityofeducationtoreceive.D)Theirchancesofgettingagoodjob.58.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthesocalledsoftsubjects?A)Thebenefitstudentsintheirfuturelife.B)Theybroadenstudents’rangeofinterests.C)Theyimprovestudents’communicationskills.D)Theyareessentialtostudents’healthygrowth.59.Whatkindofjobapplicantsdoemployerslookfor?A)Thosewhohaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.B)Thosewhoaregoodatsolvingpracticalproblems.C)Thosewhoarelikelytobecomeinnovativeleaders.D)Thosewhohavereceivedawell-roundededucation.60.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetocollegestudents?A)Seizeopportunitiestotaptheirpotential.B)Trytotakeavarietyofpracticalcourses.C)Preparethemselvesfordifferentjoboptions.D)Adoptaflexibleapproachtosolvingproblems.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Energyindependence.Ithasaniceringtoit.Doesn’tit?Ifyouthinkso,you’renotalone,becauseenergyindependencehasbeenthedreamofAmericanpresidentfordecades,andnevermoresothaninthepastfewyears,whenthemostrecentoilpriceshockhasbeenpartlyresponsibleforkickingoffthegreatrecession.“Energyindependence”anditsrhetorical(修辞的)companion“energysecurity”are,however,slipperyconceptsthatarerarelythoughthrough.Whatisitwewantindependencefrom,exactly?Mostpeoplewouldprobablysaythattheywanttobeindependentfromimportedoil.Buttherearereasonsthatwebuyallthatoldfromelsewhere.Thefirstreasonisthatweneedittokeepoureconomyrunning.Yes,thereisatrickle（涓涓细流）ofbiofuel（生物燃料）available,andmoremaybecomeavailable,butmostbiofuelscauseeconomicwasteandenvironmentaldestruction.Second,Americanshavebasicallydecidedthattheydon’treallywanttoproducealltheirownoil.Theyvaluetheenvironmentalqualitytheypreserveovertheiroilimportsfromabroad.VastareasoftheUnitedStatesareoff-limitstooilexplorationandproductioninthenameofenvironmentalprotection.TowhatextentareAmericansreallywillingtoenduretheenvironmentalimpactsofdomesticenergyproductioninordertocutbackimports?Third,therearebenefitstotrade.Itallowsforeconomicefficiency,andwhenwebuythingsfromplacesthathavelowerproductioncoststhanwedo,webenefit.Andalthoughyoudon’treadaboutthismuch,theUnitedStatesisalsoalargeexporterofoilproducts,sellingabout2millionbarrelsofpetroleumproductsperdaytoabout90countries.ThereisnoquestionthattheUnitedStatesimportsagreatdealofenergyand,infact,reliesonthatsteadyflowtomaintainitseconomy.Whenthatflowisinterrupted,wefeelthepaininshortsuppliesandhigherprices,Atthesametime,wederivemassiveeconomicbenefitswhenwebuythemostaffordableenergyontheworldmarketandwhenweengageinenergytradearoundtheworld.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutenergyindependenceforAmerica?A)Itsoundsveryattractive.B)Itensuresnationalsecurity.C)ItwillbringoilpricesdownD)Ithaslongbeeneveryone’sdream.62.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbiofuels?A)TheykeepAmerica’seconomyrunninghealthily.B)Theyprovetobeagoodalternativetopetroleum.C)Theydonotprovideasustainableenergysupply.D)Theycauseseriousdamagetotheenvironment.63.WhydoesAmericarelyheavilyonoilimports?A)Itwantstoexpanditsstorageofcrudeoil.B)Itsownoilreservesarequicklyrunningout.C)Itwantstokeepitsownenvironmentintact.D)Itsownoilproductionfallsshortofdemand.64.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoiltrade?A)Itprovesprofitabletobothsides.B)Itimproveseconomicefficiency.C)Itmakesforeconomicprosperity.D)Itsavesthecostofoilexploration.65.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A)TojustifyAmerica’sdependenceonoilimports.B)ToarouseAmericans’awarenessoftheenergycrisis.C)Tostresstheimportanceofenergyconservation.D)Toexplaintheincreaseofinternationaloiltrade.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.翻译题目一：为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和中强中西部地区农村义务教育（compulsoryeducation）。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。翻译题目二：中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%，该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年10月，审批才能又谨慎的恢复。随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低限度。换句话说核能是可以安全开发和利用的。翻译题目三：中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义，有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质，阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。2014年6月大学英语四级答案解析（233网校）写作解析：与去年的图画作文模式不同，今年又重新回到了话题作文的形式，并且所给话题也是考生非常熟悉的，很容易展开思路。更令人惊奇的是今年的作文虽然有三个话题，但是话题设定的背景信息是趋同的，都是说外国朋友要来中国或来你的家乡或来你的学校，让你介绍一下中国/家乡/学校的特色，目的还是为了推介我们本土的文化特色，看来出题人是越来越看重中国传统文化的弘扬了。去年的翻译题当中就出现了一系列的对中国传统文化的介绍，像中餐，中国结，茶文化，中国园林，中秋等等。所以说，文化题材，特别是有关中国文化特色的题材要成为以后大家复习的重点内容。以后备考四六级的同学一定要多联系这个文化题材的翻译和写作。【作文范文】Ifaforeignfriendiscomingtovisitourcampus,Iwouldshowhimorherourschoollibraryandthedinninghall.Thereareseveralreasonstoaccountformyrecommendations.Firstofall,ouruniversityisfamousforitsuniquelibrary,whichlookslikeabeautifulflower(lotus).ItisdesignedbyBeiLvming,afamousdesignerintheworld,asaresultofwhichthereareahostoftouristswhowouldliketotakeaphotoinfrontofitalmosteveryday.Inaddition,italsopossessesalargenumberofbooks,withmanystudentsreadinginiteveryday,thusinwhichI'mconvincedthatyoucanfindthebookyouliketoo.Secondly,thedininghallinourschoolisawonderfulplacetoo.ManydeliciousChinesecuisinescanbefoundthere,suchasnoodles,dumplings.YoucantrycuisinesfromdifferentplacesofChinainthesamedinninghall!Basedonthereasonsabove,Iamsurethatmyforeignfriendwillenjoyhisorherstayhere,withmeactingashisorherguider.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A.SeeadoctoraboutherstrainedshoulderB.Usealaddertohelpherreachthetea.C.Replacethecupboardwithanewone.D.Placetheteaonalowershelfnexttime.1.W:Ican’tseemtoreachtheteaatthebackofthecupboard。M:Oh…Whydon’tyouusetheladder?Youmightstrainyourshoulder。Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?答案：BUsealaddertohelpherreachthetea.2.A.AtMaryJohnson’sB.InanexhibitionhallC.Atapainter’sstudio.D.Outsideanartgallery.2.W:Sinceit’srainingsohard,let’sgoandseethenewexhibits。M:That’sagoodidea.MaryJohnsonisoneofmyfavoritepainters。Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?答案：DOutsideangalleryart.3.A.Theteacherevaluatedlacksteachingexperience.B.Shedoesnotquiteagreewithwhatthemansaid.C.Themanhadbettertalkwiththestudentshimself.D.Newstudentsusuallycannotofferafairevaluation.3.M:Ihearthestudentsgavethenewteacheranunfairevaluation。W:Itdependsonwhichstudentyouaretalkingabout。Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?答案：D.Newstudentsusuallycannotofferafairevaluation.4.A.HehelpedDorisbuildupthefurniture.B.Dorishelpedhimarrangethefurniture.C.Dorisfixedupsomeofthebookshelves.D.Hewasgoodatassemblingbookshelves.4.W:Itmusthavetakenyoualongtimetofixupallthesebookshelves。M:Itwasn’ttoobad.IgotDoristodosomeofthem。Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?答案：CDorisfixedupsomeofthebookshelves.5.A.Hedoesn’tgetonwiththeothers.B.Hedoesn’tfeelateaseinthefirm.C.Hehasbeentakenforafool.D.Hehasfoundabetterposition.5.W:Rod,Ihearyou’llbeleavingattheendofthismonth.Isittrue?M:Yeah.I’vebeenofferedamuchbetterpositionwithanotherfirm.I’dbeafooltoturnitdown。Q:Whyisthemanquittinghisjob?答案：DHehasfoundabetterposition.6.A.Theyshouldfinishtheworkassoonaspossible.B.Hewillcontinuetoworkinthegardenhimself.C.Heistiredofdoinggardeningonweekends.D.Theycanhireagardenertodothework.6.W:Ihonestlydon’twanttocontinuethegardeningtomorrow,Tony?M:NeitherdoI.ButIthinkweshouldgetitoverwiththisweekend。Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?答案：ATheyshouldfinishthebookassoonaspossible.7.A.Themanhastogetridoftheusedfurniture.B.Theman’sapartmentisreadyforrent.C.Thefurnitureiscoveredwithlotsofdust.D.Thefurniturethemanboughtisinexpensive.7.W:You’vealreadyfurnishedyourapartment?M:Ifoundsomeusedfurniturethatwasdirtcheap。Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?答案：DThefurniturethemanboughtisinexpensive.8.A.Themanwillgivethemechanicacall.B.Thewomaniswaitingforacall.C.Thewomanisdoingsomerepairs.D.Themanknowsthemechanicverywell.8.W:Hasthemechaniccalledthebusrepairers?M:Notyet.I’llletyouknowwhenhecalls。Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?答案：BThewomaniswaitingforthecall.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A.Shehadajobinterviewtoattend.B.Shewasbusyfinishingherproject.C.Shehadtoattendanimportantmeeting.D.Shewasinthemiddleofwritinganessay.Question:9.Whycouldn’tthewoman’sroommateattendtheShakespeareanEnglishclassthatafternoon?W:Nothing,it’sjustthatshesubmittedajobapplicationyesterdayandthecompanyaskedherinforaninterviewtoday.She’safraidshewon’tbeabletoattendyourclassthisafternoonthough.I’mcallingtoseewhetheritwouldbeOKifIgaveyouheressay.Janetsaidit’sduetoday。答案：AShehadajobinterviewtoattend10.A.Accompanyherroommatetotheclassroom.B.Handinherroommate’sapplicationform.C.Submitherroommate’sassignment.D.Helpherroommatewithherreport.Question:10.Whatfavoristhewomangoingtodoforherroommate?答案：CSubmitherroommate'sassignment11.A.WhereDr.Ellis’sofficeislocated.B.WhenDr.Ellisleaveshisoffice.C.Directionstotheclassroombuilding.D.Dr.Ellis’sschedulefortheafternoon.Question:11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowattheendoftheconversation?W:Fine,pleasetellherI’llbethereat4:00.AndDr.Ellis,onemorething,couldyoutellmewhereyourofficeis?Janettoldmewhereyourclassis,butshedidn’tgivemedirectionstoyouroffice。答案：AWhereDr.Ellis’sofficeislocated.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A.Hefinditratherstressful.B.Heisthinkingofquittingit.C.Hecanhandleitquitewell.D.Hehastoworkextrahours.Question:12.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisjob?M:Notbad,Jane.I’minvolvedinseveralprojectsandit’salongworkingday.ButI’musedtothatsoitdoesn’tbothermetoomuch。答案：CHecanhandleitquitewell13.A.The6:00oneB.The6:30one.C.The7:00oneD.The7:30oneQuestion:13.Whichtraindoesthemantaketoworkeveryday?M:Itwasterribleatfirst,especiallygettingupbeforedawntocatchthat6:30train.Butit’sbearablenowthatI’musedtoit。答案：BThe6:30one14.A.Itisanawfulwasteoftime.B.Hefindsitratherunbearable.C.Thetimeonthetrainisenjoyable.D.Itissomethingdifficulttogetusedto.Question:14.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutcommutingtoworkeverydaynow?W:Don’tyouthinkit’sanawfulwasteoftime?Icouldn’tbeartospendthreehourssittinginatraineveryday。M:Iusedtofeelthesameasyou.ButnowIquiteenjoyit。答案：CThetimeonthetrainisenjoyable15.A.Readingnewspaper.B.Chattingwithfriends.C.Listeningtothedailynews.D.Planningtheday’swork.Question:15.Howdoesthemanspendhistimeonthemorningtrain?W:Howdoyoupassthetime?Doyoubringsomeworkwithyoutodoonthetrain?M:Ah,that’sagoodquestion.Inthemorning,Ijustsitincomfortandreadthepaperstocatchupwiththenews.Onthewayhomeatnight,Irelaxwithagoodbookorchatwithfriendsorevenhaveagameofbridge。答案：AReadingnewspapers.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.16.A)Ignoresmalldetailswhilereading.B)Readatleastseveralchaptersatonesitting.C)Developahabitofreadingcritically.D)Getkeyinformationbyreadingjustonceortwice.Question:16.WhatshouldAmericancollegestudentsdotocopewiththeirheavyreadingassignments?解析：Theydon'thavetimetoreadachapterthreeorfourtimes.Theyneedtoextractasmuchinformationaspossiblefromthefirstorsecondreading.答案：DGetkeyinformationbyreadingjustonceortwice17.A)Chooseone’sownsystemofmarking.B)Underlinethekeywordsandphrases.C)Makeasfewmarksaspossible.D)Highlightdetailsinaredcolor.Question:17.Whatsuggestiondoesthespeakergiveaboutmarkingatextbook?解析：Markingabookisausefulskill,butit'simportanttodoitright.First,readachapterwithonepeninyourhandandothersnexttoyouonthedesk.Second,readawholeparagraphbeforeyoumarkanything.Don'tmarktoomuch.Usuallyyouwillmarkabout10%ofapassage.Third,decideonyourownsystemformarking.答案：AChooseone'sownsystemofmarking18.A)Byreadingthetextbookscarefullyagain.B)Byreviewingonlythemarkedparts.C)Byfocusingonthenotesinthemargins.D)Bycomparingnoteswiththeirclassmates.Question:18.Howshouldstudentsprepareforanexamaccordingtothespeaker?解析：Maybeyouwillputquestionmarksinthemarginwhenyoudon'tunderstandsomethingandbeforeanexam.Instead,youjustneedtoreviewyourmarksandyoucansavealotoftime.答案：BByreviewingonlythemarkedparts.PassageTwoQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)Thesleepapersonneedsvariesfromdaytoday.B)Theamountofsleepforeachpersonissimilar.C)Onecangetbywithacoupleofhoursofsleep.D)Everybodyneedssomesleepforsurvival.Question:19.Whatistakenforgrantedbymostpeople?解析：Thethoughtofhavingnosleepfor24hoursormoreisn'tapleasantoneformostpeople.答案：DEverybodyneedssomesleepforsurvival.20.A)Itisamade-upstory.C)Itisarareexception.B)Itisbeyondcure.D)Itisduetoanaccident.Question:20.WhatdodoctorsthinkofAlHerpin'scase?解析：ButamannamedAlHerpinturnedouttobearealexception,forsupposedly,heneverslept!答案：CItisarareexception21.A)Hisextraordinaryphysicalcondition.B)Hismother’sinjuryjustbeforehisbirth.C)Theuniquesurroundingsofhislivingplace.D)Theresthegotfromsittinginarockingchair.Question:21.WhatcouldhaveaccountedforAlHerpin'ssleeplessness?解析：Herpinofferedtheonlycluetohiscondition.Herememberedsometalkabouthismotherhavingbeeninjuredseveraldaysbeforehehadbeenborn.答案：BHismother'sinjuryjustbeforehisbirth.PassageThreeQuestions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.A)SheinvestedinstocksandsharesonWallStreet.B)Shelearnedtowriteforfinancialnewspapers.C)Shedevelopedastronginterestinfinance.D)Shetenderlylookedafterhersickmother.Question:22.WhatdowelearnaboutHettyGreenasachild?解析：HettyGreenwasaveryspoiled,onlychild.ShewasborninMassachusettsUSAin1835.Herfatherwasamillionairebusinessman.Hermotherwasoftenill,andsofromtheageoftwoherfathertookherwithhimtoworkandtaughtheraboutstocksandshares.Attheageofsixshestartedreadingthedailyfinancialnewspapersandopenedherownbankaccount.答案：CShedevelopedastronginterestinfinance23.A)Shemadeawiseinvestmentinrealestate.B)Shesoldtherestaurantwithasubstantialprofit.C)Shegot1.5milliondollarsfromherex-husband.D)Sheinheritedabigfortunefromherfather.Question:23.HowdidHettyGreenbecomerichovernight?解析：Herfatherdiedwhenshewas21andsheinherited7.5milliondollars.答案：DSheinheritedabigfortunefromherfather24.A)Shewasextremelymeanwithhermoney.B)Shewasdishonestinbusinessdealings.C)Shefrequentlyill-treatedheremployees.D)Sheabusedanimalsincludingherpetdog.Question:24.WhywasHettyGreenmuchhated?解析：Hetty’smeannesswaswell-known.Shealwaysarguedaboutpricesinshops.Shewalkedtothelocalgrocerystoretobuybrokenbiscuitswhichweremuchcheaper,andtogetafreeboneforhermuchloveddog.Onceshelostatwo-centstampandspentthenightlookingforit.Sheneverboughtclothesandalwaysworethesamelong,raggedblackskirt.答案：AShewasextremelymeanwithhermoney25.A)Shemadeabigfortunefromwiseinvestment.B)Shebuiltahospitalwithhermother’smoney.C)Shemadehugedonationstocharities.D)Shecarriedonherfamily’stradition.Question:25.WhatdowelearnaboutHetty'sdaughter?解析：Whenshediedin1916sheleftherchildren100milliondollars.Herdaughterbuiltahospitalwithhermoney.答案：BShebuiltahospitalwithhermother'smoneySectionCDirection:Inthesection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Amongthekindsofsocialgesturesmostsignificantforsecond-languageteachersarethosewhichare___(26)___informbutdifferentinmeaninginthetwocultures.Forexample,aColombianwhowantssomeoneto___(27)___himoftensignalswithahandmovementinwhichallthefingersofonehand,cupped,pointdownwardastheymoverapidly___(28)___.SpeakersorEnglishhaveasimilargesturethroughthehandmaynotbecuppedandthefingersmaybeheldmoreloosely,butforthemthegesturemeansgoodbyeorgoaway,quitethe___(29)___oftheColombiangesture.Again,inColombian,aspeakerofEnglishwouldhavetoknowthatwhenhe___(30)___heighthemostchoosebetweendifferentgesturesdependingonwhetherheis___(31)___ahumanbeingorananimal.Ifhekeepsthepalmofthehand___(32)___thefloor,ashewouldinhisownculturewhenmakingknowntheheightofachild,forexample,hewillverylikelybegreetedbylaughter,inColombiathisgestureis___(33)___forthedescriptionofanimals.Inordertodescribehumanbeingsheshouldkeepthepalmofhishand___(34)___tothefloor.Substitutionsofonegesturefortheotheroftencreatenotonlyhumorousbutalso___(35)___moment.Inbothoftheexamplesabove,speakersfromtwodifferentcultureshavethesamegesture,physically,butitsmeaningdifferssharply.答案：26.identical27.approach28.backandforth29.opposite30.indicates31.referringto32.parallelto33.reserved34.attherightangle35.embarrassing选词填空36.I)melted本空是谓语，需要动词，且空前并列成分谓语用的是过去式ended，因此需要过去式。备选的有melted(融化)和resolved(决心)，能与空前ice构成合理意思、且与空后away构成搭配的只有melted，表示“冰川融化”。37.G)line本空空前是介词，因此需要名词性成分，且要考虑与空后的with构成搭配。符合要求的只有line(inlinewith，与……一致)。意思是我们已经接近“与其他最小冰川期时一致的温度”。38.C)contributing前句用完成时表示已经达到的状态，本句weare描述的则是正在发生的过程，需要动词的ing形式，且要考虑与空后的介词to构成搭配。备选的有appealingto(呼吁、上诉)、contributingto(促成、导致)，ranging后不直接与介词to构成搭配。意思合理的只有contributing，为“我们正促成世界范围内气温的升高”。39.K)ranging本空引领的是temperature的后置定语，需要动词分词。备选的有appealing(呼吁、上诉)、ranging(范围在……)和resolved(决心)。空后的between1℃and6℃明显是范围区间，因此ranging合乎语义。rangebetween/fromAandB为常用搭配。40.D)dramatic本空作为表语，且空前有more，提示了本空需要形容词。备选的有appealing(有吸引力的)、dramatic(戏剧性的、突发的)和sensible(明智的)。这里描述的是气候变化的效果，因此dramatic意思更合适，意为“某些地方的气候变化会更加戏剧化”。后半句提到的有些地方可能cooloff(变冷)也是暗示气候变化的突发及剧烈。41.F)impact空前的the暗示本空需要名词。备选的有average(平均)、impact(影响)和shock(震惊)。impact和shock都能用于与warming构成搭配，但后面提到的differentdependingonwhereyouare提示了本空应当是一个较为宽泛的概念，故impact更合适，意为“气候变暖的影响因所在地不同而不同”。42.A)appealing空前的and提示了本空与and前的habitable(宜居的)同词性且义相近。因此本空需要形容词，备选的有appealing(有吸引力的)和sensible(明智的)。意思上与habitable更能并列、描述本句所说的SiberiaandnorthernCanada的影视appealing，表示“西伯利亚和加拿大北部可能会变得更宜居、更吸引人”。43.B)average空前介词on提示了本空需要名词性成分与之构成搭配。备选的有average(平均)和shock(震惊)。这里意思更合理的是average，且onaverage是固定搭配“平均地”。44.H)maintain本空需要谓语，且前句所用为一般现在时，考虑到本句主语为复数scientists，因此本空需要动词原形。备选的有maintain(维持、坚称)、persist(坚持)和shock(震惊)。但persist为不及物动词，而本空后有宾语从句;shock意思不合适是且一般后面接人。因此只能选maintain。意为“有些科学家坚称……”。45.L)recently本空所在句不缺其它成分，本空需要副词。备选的又frequently(频繁地)和recently(最近)。空前提到科学家认为气候变化无规律，有些年冷、有些年热(someyearsarecold,otherswarm)。本空所在的wehavejusthadanunremarkablestringofwarmyears应当是顺着科学家的观点而来，解释我们现在所处的正好是偏热的年份期。因此本空用recently强调当下更佳。若选frequently表示“我们频繁处在偏热的年份”，则与科学家所持的气温冷热无规律交替的观点不相符合。段落匹配46.Authorsstillpublishedinprintedversionswillbeconsideredimportantones.答案：C解析：对应C段末句。printedversions(纸质版本)对应hardcopy(印刷版本)，beconsideredimportantones(被认为重要)对应becomethemark…toreckon(认为是标志)。47.Somepeoplearestillinfavorofprintedbooksbecauseofthesenseoftouchtheycanprovide.答案：N解析：对应N段第三句提到的tactilepleasureinbooks(书本的触觉上的愉悦)。48.Theradiobusinesshaschangedgreatlyandnowattractsmorelisteners.答案：J解析：对应J段最后两句。changedgreatly(巨大改变)对应averydifferentbusiness(相当不同的行业)，attractsmorelisteners(吸引更多听众)对应enlargedtheiraudience(扩大受众面)。49.Contrarytomanypeople’spredictionofitsdeath,thefilmindustrysurvived.答案：H解析：对应H段第二句。manypeople’sprediction对应widelypredicted。50.Remarkablechangeshavetakenplaceinthebookbusiness.答案：A解析：这是对A段所描述的电子书在近几年内大幅增长的现象的概括。51.Oldtechnologysometimescontinuestoexistbecauseofitsreliability.答案：L解析：对应L段第三句。continuestoexist(继续存在)对应remain(保持)，reliability(可靠)对应backup(支持、后盾)。52.Theincreaseofe-booksaleswillforcethebookbusinesstomakechangesnotseenforcenturies.答案：B解析：对应B段第三句。makechanges(做出改变)对应gothroughatransformation(经历转变)，notseenforcenturies是对该句后部分时间表达的概括。53.Anewtechnologyisunlikelytotaketheplaceofanoldonewithoutaclearadvantage.答案：F解析：对应F段第一句。aclearadvantage(明显优势)岁对better,cheaperorboth的概括。taketheplaceof(代替)对应replace(代替)。54.Paperbacksofpopularliteraturearemorelikelytobereplacedbye-books.答案：C解析：完全对应C段第二句。55.Ahousewithafireplacehasastrongerappealtobuyers.答案：M解析：对应M段第三句。hasastrongerappealtobuyers(对购买者有很强吸引力)对应apowerfulsellingpoint(强劲卖点)。仔细阅读PassageOne56.Whatdoesthelatestcongressionalreportsuggest?A)STEM-relatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationsociety.B)ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.C)Theliberalartsinhighereducationhelpenrichstudents’spirituallife.D)Highereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety.解析：56.B本题属于观点型细节题，问最近的一次国会报告提出了什么建议。根据题干定位词latestcongressionalreport定位到文章第二段第一句。Acknowledge意为“承认”，引出观点。前半句非常简单，“最近的一次国会报告承认了技术训练的关键性”，后半句以but进行语义转折，意为“但是他们也认为关于人文学科和社会科学的研究都必须在任何等级的美国教育系统中作为核心部分”。之后的bothareasarecriticalto…都是在描述这两门学科对塑造人才的积极影响，可以略读。再来看四个选项。A.STEM在第一段有解释，分别由science,technology,engineering和maths的首字母组成，意为“科学”，“技术”，“工程学”和“数学”。所以A选项的意思是“与STEM相关的学科可以帮助学生在信息社会找到工作”。文章对于STEM的影响的描述只出现在第二段的最后一句话，但没有提及能帮助找工作，属于无中生有，排除。B.意思是“人文学科和STEM应该被给与相同的重要性”。通过第二段第一句话but后面的内容可以确定B为正选。选项唯一的难点是STEM在文中是以socialscience进行同义替换的方式出现的。Shouldbegivenequalimportance和原文的mustremaincentralcomponentsof…对应。C.“高等教育的文科能帮助学生丰富精神世界”。C选项的干扰性同样来自于第二段的最后一句，但需要注意的是原文所说的spiritualenrichment是由reflectiononthegreatideasofmankind提供而非选项所指的liberalarts.故C排除。D.“高等教育应该适用于社会的实际需求”。这个选项属于无中生有，比较容易排除。57.Whatisthemainconcernofstudentswhentheychooseamajor?A)Theirinterestinrelevantsubjects.B)Theacademicvalueofthecourses.C)Thequalityofeducationtoreceive.D)Theirchancesofgettingagoodjob.解析：57.D题目问学生选择专业时主要关心什么。结合顺序原则可以大致定位到第三段，本段前两句话讲述了家长和学生们在为高等教育做出巨大投资之后所以担心的问题就是市场的变化可能会导致孩子们将来就业机会变少以及工资降低。并且根据这个大背景提出了一个公认的解决的办法，也就是由题干中的major定位到的本段第三句，“Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob”seemstheobviousanswertosome,…意思是“选择一个为给你找到工作而设计的专业是大部分人认可大答案”。A.“对相关专业的兴趣。”B.“课程的学术价值。”C.“接受的教育的质量。”D.“找到工作的机会。”原文的同义改写，锁定D答案。58.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthesocalledsoftsubjects?A)Thebenefitstudentsintheirfuturelife.B)Theybroadenstudents’rangeofinterests.C)Theyimprovestudents’communicationskills.D)Theyareessentialtostudents’healthygrowth.解析：58.A问作者如何评价所谓的“软”学科。本题答案依然出自于第三段，57题定位句的后半句，即thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.本句的disciplines与subjects都是“学科”的意思，所以这句话可以翻译成“尽管他们忽略一个事实，那就是人文学科中那些被描述成“软”学科的，通常能够能够促成将来的就业和成功”。A.“他们会在将来的生活使学生受益。”benefit与原文的leadtoemploymentandsuccess对应，intheirfuture与原文的inthelongrun对应。A为正选。B.“他们能扩大学生的兴趣。”C.“他们能提高学生的交流能力。”D.“他们对于学生的健康成长至关重要。”BCD均为无中生有，直接排除。59.Whatkindofjobapplicantsdoemployerslookfor?A)Thosewhohaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.B)Thosewhoaregoodatsolvingpracticalproblems.C)Thosewhoarelikelytobecomeinnovativeleaders.D)Thosewhohavereceivedawell-roundededucation.解析：59.D问老板想找什么类型的应聘者。答案出自第三段最后一句话，employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhoreceivedabroadly-basededucationthathastaughtthemhowtowritewell,thinkcarefully,researchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.这句话非常直白地告诉我们老板所偏爱的员工是接受过broadly-basededucation的人，即“全方位教育”，所以与这句话有相同描述的选项即为正选。A.“那些有强烈责任感的人。”B.“那些能够解决实际问题的人。”C.“那些有可能成为有创新力的领导的人。”D.“那些接受过全方位教育的人。”well-rounded是broadly-based的同义改写，所以D为正选。60.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetocollegestudents?A)Seizeopportunitiestotaptheirpotential.B)Trytotakeavarietyofpracticalcourses.C)Preparethemselvesfordifferentjoboptions.D)Adoptaflexibleapproachtosolvingproblems.解析：60.D问作者给大学生提了什么建议。全文只有四段话，前三段都已经用于解决之前的四道题，所以最后一题自然而然地定位到最后一段。并且由第一句里的studentsshould…可以看出这段话主要是在讨论相关的建议。由于没有具体的定位词可以参考，所以一般情况下咱们需要快速读完整段话再一一对应选项看有没有符合的内容。A.“寻找机会开发自己的潜力。”B.“试着参加各种实际课程。”C.“为不同的工作选择做好准备。”D.“采取灵活的方法来解决问题。”本题选择D。答案出自于本段的最后两句话。意思是“能在这种环境下做到最好的一定是那些已经让自己做好随时变通的准备的人。”以及最后作者还评价“能够利用任何可用的工具——不管是来自己于哪个学科，去解决问题，并且利用机会表现自己”的能力会产生很大的帮助。D选项就是对原文的归纳和总结，ABC属于无中生有的干扰项。PassageTwo61.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutenergyindependenceforAmerica?A)Itsoundsveryattractive.B)Itensuresnationalsecurity.C)Itwillbringoilpricesdown.D)Ithaslongbeeneveryone’sdream.解析：61、A此题并非主旨题，按顺序原则及题干信息定位首段。“Ifyouthinkso,you’renotalone”表明作者持有同样想法，答案往“so”前面找——“Energyindependence.Ithasaniceringtoit,doesn’tit?”haveaniceringtosth.表示“听起来不错，令人向往”的意思，选项A的attractive是其同义改写。即使不了解短语，根据nice可判断正态度，答案选A。62.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbiofuels?A)TheykeepAmerica’seconomyrunninghealthily.B)Theyprovetobeagoodalternativetopetroleum.C)Theydonotprovideasustainableenergysupply.D)Theycauseseriousdamagetotheenvironment.解析：62、D由题干信息biofuels定位在第四段落。定位句本身出现but强调：“butmostbiofuelsareaFaustianbargain,causingeconomicwasteandenvironmentaldestruction.”but后面的强调才是作者对于biofuels的真正想法——causingeconomicwasteandenvironmentaldestruction。选项中AB选项均为正态度，与原文不符直接排除。原文中C选项为干扰选项，“可持续的能源供给”，文章未提及。63.WhydoesAmericarelyheavilyonoilimports?A)Itwantstoexpanditsstorageofcrudeoil.B)Itsownoilreservesarequicklyrunningout.C)Itwantstokeepitsownenvironmentintact.D)Itsownoilproductionfallsshortofdemand.解析：63、C按照阅读出题的“顺序原则”直接看到下一段(第五段)。首句“Americanshavebasicallydecidedthattheydon’treallywanttoproducealltheirownoil.”美国人不愿意自己产油，是63题题干信息当中“…Americarelyonheavilyonoilimports”的同义改写。根据“金三句原则”定位到定位句的下一句“theAmericanpeople…decidedthattheyvaluetheenvironmentalqualitytheypreserveovertheiroilimportsfromabroad.”相比从国外进口石油，美国人更看重环境质量，由此判断，答案选C——“keepenvironmentintact”。64.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoiltrade?A)Itprovesprofitabletobothsides.C)Itmakesforeconomicprosperity.B)Itimproveseconomicefficiency.D)Itsavesthecostofoilexploration.解析：64、A根据定位词oiltrade以及顺序原则定位到文章最后一段。根据文章主旨和前文内容，或者是根据定位段信息可知“UnitedStatesimportsagreatofenergy”，让能源输出国有利可图，而同时“Atthesametime”，美国本身也有自身利益——“wederivemassiveeconomicbenefits…whenweengageinenergytradearoundtheworld.”，答案选A——“Itprovesprofitabletobothsides”。65.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A)TojustifyAmerica’sdependenceonoilimports.B)ToarouseAmericans’awarenessoftheenergycrisis.C)Tostresstheimportanceofenergyconservation.D)Toexplaintheincreaseofinternationaloiltrade.解析：65、A问作者写作意图，即问全文主旨。根据各段首句以及串联五个题干信息可得知，文章主要讨论“America”的“energyindependence”，就可以直接排除BCD选项了。为做题保险，还要进一步确认。由文章末端的结尾“Atthesametime,wederivemassiveeconomicbenefits…whenweengageinenergytradearoundtheworld.”可得知作者态度还是站在“oilimports”这一边的，因为可以得到“massiveeconomicbenefits”，所以作者还是在为“oilimports”而申辩的。答案选A。PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.翻译题目一：为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和中强中西部地区农村义务教育（compulsoryeducation）。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。<考点解析>本次四级翻译要求我们总共翻译5句话，重点考查了下面这些知识点。①为了促进…inordertopromote…这里的“为了”除了用inorderto是常想到的表达之外，for/forthepurposeof。.均可灵活替换。此外，“促进”除了可以用promote,还可以用其它的同义词替换，比如further/boost等。②360亿元：36billion注意：数字的表达。如果写成360billionor36billions都是错误的！③改善教育设施和加强农村义务教育improveeducationalfacilitiesandstrengthenruralcompulsoryeducation⑤资金用于…fundsareusedto…这里要注意“用于”暗含了被动的含义。要清楚beusedtodosth和beusedtodoingsth以及usedtodosth。的区别。⑥使16万多所中小学受益….benefitingmorethan160,000primaryandsecondaryschools。这里可以用现在分词作伴随状语，还可以用tomake….beneficial来表达。⑦为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生studentswhohastransferredtocityschoolstoreceiveabettereducation“为接受更好教育而转往城市上学”这个比较长的定语，可以处理成定语从句，同时还可以用分词短语作后置定语来表达，即studentstransferredtocityschoolstoreceiveabettereducation。【翻译译文】：Inordertopromoteequityineducation,Chinahasinvested36billionyuanfortheimprovementofeducationalfacilitiesinruralareasandstrengtheningofruralcompulsoryeducationMidwest.Thesefundswereusedtoimprovetheteachingfacilities,purchaseofbooks,sothatmorethan160,000primaryandsecondaryincome.Fundsarealsousedtopurchasemusicandpaintingequipment.Nowchildreninruralandmountainousareaswithchildren’scoastalcitieslikemusicandpaintinglessons.Somereceiveabettereducationforthecityschoolstudentsnowtransferredbacktothelocalruralschools.翻译题目二：中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%，该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年10月，审批才能又谨慎的恢复。随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降低到最低限度。换句话说核能是可以安全开发和利用的。词汇考点：核能：nuclearpower(中国)总发电量；thetotalamountofelectricityproducedinChina占（比例）：takeup居（位）rankNo..among..核电站：nuclearpowerstation审批权：theexaminationandapprovalauthority谨慎地：withcaution恢复：resume安全措施：safetymeasures语法考点：被动语态【翻译译文】Chinashouldfurtherdevelopnuclearenergybecausenuclearpoweraccountsforonly2%ofitstotalgeneratingcapacitycurrently.Suchproportionranksthethirtiethinallthecountriespossessingnuclearpower,whichisalmostthelast.AfterJapan’snuclearpoweraccidentinMarch2011,nuclearpowerdevelopmentinChinawassuspended,sowastheapprovalofnewnuclearpowerplants.Also,thenationalsafetycheckforthenuclearpowerwascarriedout.ITwasnotuntilOctober2012thattheapprovalwasprudentlyresumed.Withtheimprovementoftechnologyandsafetymeasures,thereislittlepossibilityfornuclearaccidentstohappen.Inotherwords,therewon’tbeanytroubletodevelopandexploitthenuclearpower.翻译题目三：中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义，有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质，阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。【翻译译文】Chineseeducationworkershavealreadyrealizedthesignificanceofreadingforanation.Someworkerssuggestedthatweshouldhaveanationalreadingdayin2003.Theyemphasizedthatpeopleshouldreadgoodbooksespeciallytheclassicalones.Throughreading,peoplecanlearnbetterhowtobegrateful,responsibleandcooperative.Thegoalofeducationistocultivatethesebasicpersonalities.Readingisespeciallyimportantformiddleandprimaryschoolstudents.Supposetheydon'tnurturetheinterestofreadingatthatkeymoment,itwillbehardertodevelopahabittoreadbooks.点评：翻译部分的难度比2013年的考试是有所变化的，具体表现为：考试重心转向于中国文化和社会发展——中国教育公平，培养读书习惯和核能的开发。翻译与作文对于句型的应用是一样的，但词汇方面则要注意“语内翻译”方法的应用，把原文中的陌生词汇转化为熟知词汇，应用起来得心应手。",)