八下-Unit-4,八下unit4

Unit4SectionA•1.Myparentsdon'tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.•我的父母不允许我和朋友们一起闲逛。(P251a)•(1)①allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事•Myparentsdon'tallowmetostayuplate.我父母不允许我熬夜。•②sb.beallowedtodosth.某人被允许做某事•Wearenotallowedtothrowrubbisheverywhere.•我们不被允许乱扔垃圾。•③allowdoingsth.允许做某事•allowtodoוWedon'tallowsmokinginourhouse.•在我们家不允许抽烟。•④allowsth.允许某事•Idon'tthinkshewillallowit.•我想她不会允许这件事的。•(2)hangout闲逛Exercises:1.Girlstudentsinsomeschoolsarenotallowedlonghair.▁▁A.havingB.haveC.hadD.tohave2.--Wouldyouliketogotothemoviesthisevening?--I'dliketo，butmyparentsdon'tallowme___outatnight.A.goB.goingC.togoD.went3.Hisfatherdoesn'tallowhim___swimmingalone.A.goesB.togoC.goingD.goDCB•2.Whydon'tyoutalkto/withyourparents?(P25标题,1c)•=Whynottalkto/withyourparents?•你为什么不和你的父母谈一谈呢？•提建议、征求意见：•Let's...Shallwe...?•What/Howabout...?•Whydon'tyou...?/Whynot...?•3.Ifoundmysisterlookingthroughmythingsyesterday.昨天我发现我妹在翻看我的东西。(P262d)•(1)findsb.doingsth.发现某人正在做某事•see/hear/notice/watch/feel/find+sb.+do/doingsth.•(2)lookthrough浏览；仔细查看•Lookthroughthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.•快速浏览文章，并回答问题。Exercises:1.____givehimawatch?A.WhataboutB.Let'sC.Whydon'tD.Whydon'tyou2.Ifoundsomeboys____footballontheplaygroundwhenIpassedNo.9MiddleSchool.A.playingB.playC.toplayD.playingtheDA•4.Althoughsheiswrong,it'snotabigdeal.尽管她做得不对，但也没什么了不起的。(P262d)•(1)althoughconj.尽管；虽然=though•引导让步状语从句,不与but连用，可与yet/still连用。•Althoughheisveryold,heisstillquitestrong.•他虽然年纪很大，但仍然很强壮。•Althoughit'snotasunnyday,theywillgoforawalkyet.•尽管天气不那么好，他们仍然要去散步。•Exercise:•____heisverypoor,____hefeelsveryhappy.•A.Although；butB.Although；/C.Because；soD.Because；/B•(2)dealn.交易；协议•bigdeal重要的事•That'sadeal.就这么定了。•Welostonthatdeal.•那笔交易我们受到了损失。•It'snotabigdeal.没什么大不了。•5.MyproblemisthatIcan'tgetonwithmyfamily.(P273a)•我的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处。•(1)that引导表语从句，表语从句还可用what,how,why,where,when,whether等引导，与宾语从句一样，从句要用陈述句语序。•Thisiswhatweneed.这正是我们所需要的。•Theproblemiswhetherhewillcome.•问题是他是否会来。•(2)getonwithsb.=getalongwithsb.和某人和睦相处；和某人关系好•getonwell/badlywithsb.•和某人相处好/不好•Shecan'tgetonwithherbrother.•她不能和他弟弟和睦相处。•Wegetonwellwithourneighbors.•我们和邻居们相处得很融洽。•拓展：getonwithsth.在……方面取得进展•Howareyougettingonwithyourstudies?你学得怎么样？•I'mnotgettingonveryfastwiththework.我这项工作进展不是很快。•Exercise:•Thegirl,Mary,iseasy___.•A.togetalongwithB.getalongwith•C.togetwithD.togetalongA•6.Whentheyargue,it'slikeabig,blackcloudhangingoverourhome.(P273a)•当他们争吵时，就像有一大片乌云笼罩着我们家。•(1)①arguewithsb.和某人争吵/争辩•Don'targuewithyourmom.别和你妈妈争吵。•②argueaboutsth.就某事争吵/争辩•Don'targueaboutthismatteranymore.不要再为这件事情争论了。•③arguewithsb.aboutsth.就某事与某人争论•Theboyarguedwithhismotheraboutdoingchores.•那个男孩就做家务(的问题)与他妈妈争吵起来。•(2)cloud此处用作可数名词，形容词形式cloudy,意为“多云的，阴天的”。•Lookattheblackcloudsinthesky,it'sgoingtorain.•看天上的乌云，要下雨了。•(3)hangingoverourhome现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰cloud.•Theboysittinginfrontofthecomputerismybrother.坐在电脑前的男孩就是我弟弟。Exercises:1.--I___mybestfriendyesterdaymorning.--Whynotcallherupandsaysorrytoher?A.dependonB.lookedforC.hungoutwithD.arguedwith2.YesterdayAnnearguedLiLeiit.▁▁▁▁A.to;aboutB.with;aboutC.about;withD.at;withDB•7.Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.相反，他却可以看他想看的任何节目，一直看到深夜。(P273a)•(1)①insteadadv.代替；反而；却常位于句首或句末•Hedidn'tplaybasketball,hewentswimminginstead.•他去游泳了，而没有去打篮球。•Heistootired,letmedoitinstead.•他太累了，让我来代替他做这件事吧。•Mrs.Wangwasill,Mr.Litooktheclassinstead.•王老师生病了，这堂课由李老师代替上。•②insteadof+sb./sth./doingsth.•Hedidn'tgofishing,hewentboatinginstead.•=Insteadofgoingfishing,hewentboating.•他没有去钓鱼，而是去划船了。•InsteadofwatchingTV,Iwalkedforhalfanhour.•我去散步了半小时，而没有看电视。•(2)whatever任何；每一，在这里引导宾语从句•Youcandowhateveryouwanttodo.•你想做什么就做什么。Exercise:--Howwillshedealwiththework?--Shedoesn'twanttodoitbyherself.Shewantstoasksomeoneelsetodoit,.▁▁A.yetB.insteadC.tooD.eitherB•拓展：whatever还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”，相当于nomatterwhat•Whateveryoudecide,youhaveoursupport.•=Nomatterwhatyoudecide,youhaveoursupport.•你不论作任何决定，我们都支持你。•whenever=nomatterwhen无论何时•whoever=nomatterwho无论谁•wherever=nomatterwhere无论哪里•Comeagainwheneveryouarefree.•无论何时你有时间再来。•Whoeverwantstolearn,I'llteachhim/her.•谁想学我就教他(她)。•MydogalwaysfollowsmewhereverIgo.•无论我去哪里，我的狗狗总跟着我。•8.Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.如果你的父母遇到问题，你应该主动提供帮助。(P273a)•辨析：offer&provide•offer主动提出；自愿给予；提供•offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.•Sheofferedmeajob.=Sheofferedajobtome.•她给我提供了一份工作。•provide(为做好准备而)提供；供应•providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.•Theschoolprovidefoodforthestudents.•=Theschoolprovidethestudentswithfood.•学校为学生们提供伙食。Exercises:1.He___thepeoplehisgreathelpaftertheearthquake.A.providedB.supportedC.offerD.offered2.Theyhimaverygoodjobbutherefuses.▁▁A.tookB.offeredC.lentD.broughtDB•9.Secondly,whydon'tyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrother?(P273a)•其次，你为什么不坐下来和你哥哥沟通一下呢？•(1)secondlyadv.其次；第二，常与firstly,thirdly,...lastly等词连用，表示列举，位于句首。•Firstly,cutitintopieceswithaknife.Secondly,addsomesalt.Andfinally,poursomehotwater.•首先，用刀把它切成碎片；然后，加一些盐；最后，倒入一些热水。•(2)communicatev.交流；沟通•➷n.communication•communicatewithsb.与某人交流/沟通•Ioftencommunicatewithmyparentsonthephone.•我经常和父母在电话里交流。•Next,theyneedtocommunicatetogetaresult.•接下来，他们需要沟通以得到一个结果。Exercise:•--WhatshouldIdoifmyparentsdon'tagreeme?▁▁•--You'dbetterfindachancetocommunicatethem.▁▁•A.with；onB.to；with•C.to；toD.with；withD•10.Youleftyourhomeworkathome.•你把作业落在家里了。(P284c)•leave-left-leftv.留下；遗忘•leavesth.+地点状语把某物落在某地•MaybeIleftmykeyinthecar.或许我把钥匙落车里了。•Ileftmycellphoneintheoffice.我把手机落在办公室了。•回忆：forgettodo&forgetdoing•remembertodo&rememberdoing•Heforgottoturnthelightoff.他忘记关灯了。•Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘记他已经关了灯。Exercises:1.--What'swrong?--Ican'tdomyhomeworknow.I___myhomeworkintheclassroomthismorning.A.leaveB.forgetC.forgotD.left2.--I'msorry.Mr.Hu.ImyEnglishexercisebookathome.▁▁--Itdoesn'tmatter.Pleaserememberitherethisafternoon.▁▁A.forgot;tobringB.left;totakeC.forgot;totakeD.left;tobringDD•11.Yourbestfrienddoesnottrustyouanymore.•你最好的朋友不再相信你了。(P284c)•not...anymore不再……；再也不……•Mydaddoesn'tsmokeanymore.我爸不再抽烟了。•辨析：not...anymore¬...anylonger•not...anymore表示程度和数量上“不再”，相当于nomore，•常修饰非延续性动词，表示某动作不再发生。•Iwon'tcopyhishomeworkanymore.我不会再抄他的作业了。•Youcan'tbelateforclassanymore.你不能再上课迟到了。•not...anylonger表示时间和距离上“不再”，相当于nolonger,常修饰延续性动词，表示与过去相比不再继续。•Hedoesn'tlivehereanylonger.•=Henolongerliveshere.他不再住这儿了。•Exercise:•--Excuseme,isthisXiaoLi'soffice?•--I'msorry,buthe____workshere.•A.doesn'tB.won't•C.nolongerD.nomoreCSectionB•1.Myparentsgivemealotofpressureaboutschool.•我父母在学习上给我很多压力。(P291c)•(1)pressuren.［U.］压力=stress•Parentsoftengivetheirchildrentoomuchpressure.•父母经常给他们的孩子太多压力。•underpressure在压力之下•putpressureonsb.向某人施压•➷v.press按；压•Couldyoupressthebuttonformeplease?•请问您能帮我按一下那个按钮吗？•(2)stressout动词短语，“压力过大；过度劳累”•Don'tstressout,takeabreak!别太累了，休息一下！•stressedout用作表语，表示“紧张的；有压力的”•Ineedavacation,I'mreallystressedout.•我需要度个假，我的压力实在太大了。•Youlookreallystressedoutlately.你最近看起来累坏了。•Exercise:•____pressureisn'tgoodforchildren'sdevelopment.•A.ToomuchB.ToomanyC.ManytooD.MuchtooA•2.Ihavetocompetewithmyclassmatesatschool.在学校里我不得不和同学们竞争。(P291c)•competewith/againstsb.与某人竞争；与某人比赛•competeforsth.为争夺某物而竞争•competewith/againstsb.forsth.为争夺某物而与某人竞争•Wecan'tcompetewiththemonprice.我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。•MarycompetedagainstSusanforthefirstprize.玛丽和苏珊竞争一等奖。•➷n.competition竞争；比赛•➷n.competitor竞争者；对手•3.Whogivestheiropinionsabouttheproblem?•谁给出了对这一问题的看法？(P302b)•opinionn.［C.］意见；看法；想法•inmyopinion在我看来•Myopinionsaredifferentfromyours.•我的看法与你不同。•Inmyopinion,thisisthebestwaytoworkouttheproblem.•在我看来，这是解决问题的最佳方法。•4.MaybeIcouldcutoutafewoftheiractivities,...•或许我可以减掉他们几个活动……(P302b)•cutout删除；删去•Youcancutoutthelastsentence.•你可以删去最后一句话。（名词放两边）•Thesewordsareuseless.Pleasecutthemout.•这些词没用，请把他们删除。（代词放中间）•拓展：•cutaway砍掉；切掉cutup切碎cutdown砍倒•cutoff切断；阻断cutin插嘴cutback削减Exercises:1.--Mymotheroftensendsmetoallkindsofclasses，soIfeelverytired.--Ithinksheshould____afewofyouractivitiessothatyoucanfeelrelaxed.A.getoutB.workoutC.findoutD.cutout2.--Whatdoyouthinkofmycomposition?--Youshouldthelasttwosentences.▁▁A.cutupB.cutoutC.turndownD.turnup3.Lastweek,ourteamtheirsandwonthegame.▁▁A.competedwithB.competedtoC.arguedwithD.arguedtoDBA•5.Insomefamilies,competitionstartsveryyoungandcontinuesuntilthekidsgetolder...(P302b)在一些家庭，孩子很小的时候竞争就开始了，并且持续到孩子们长大……•continuev.持续；继续存在=goon•Theraincontinuedallday.雨连续下了一整天。•TheartfestivalwillcontinueuntilFriday.•艺术节将持续到周五。•continuedoing继续做（同一件事）•Hecontinuedwritinguntilhedied.他坚持写作，直到去世。•continuetodo继续做（另一件事）•Afterwashingthedishes,Icontinuedtocleanthetable.•洗完碗后，我继续清理桌子。•6.Andtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.而且她们总是拿他们与别人家的孩子进行比较。•(1)bealwaysdoing(P302b)•现在进行时与always连用，含有厌恶、惊讶、赞叹之情，不表示正在发生的动作。•Whyareyoualwaysshoutinginclass?你怎么老在课堂上大声说话?•SheisalwayshelpingmeoutwhenIhavedifficulties.•当我有困难时，她总是帮助我摆脱困境。•Heisalwaysborrowingmoneyfromhisfriends.•他总是向他的朋友们借钱。•(2)compareAwithB把A与B作比较•Wecomparedthispicturewiththatone.我们把这幅画与那幅画比较了一下。•compareAtoB把A比作B•Weoftencomparechildrentoflowers.我们经常把孩子比作花朵。Exercises:1.Please___thisbikewiththatone，andthentellmethedifferencesbetweenthem.A.compareB.adviseC.explainD.return2.Myhandwritingcannotbecompared___myfather's.A.toB.withC.onD.forAB3.Heisveryangrywithhismother,becausehismotheralways___himwiththebeststudent.A.comparesB.complainsC.tellsD.makes4.Sheneverherselfothers.Shejustwantstobe▁▁▁▁herself.A.complains;aboutB.gives;toC.complains;toD.compares;withADGrammar【1】如何提“建议”【课本链接】Whydon'tyoutalktoyourparents?如何用英语委婉恰当地征求意见或提出建议呢？这里送九条建议供你参考。•建议一：Whynot...?/Whydon'tyou...?•意为“为什么不……呢？”，其后接动词原形。如：•Whynotgetacomputer?•=Whydon'tyougetacomputer?•你为什么不买一台电脑呢？•建议二：Shallwe...?用来委婉地提出建议或征求对方的意见，意为“我们……好吗？”。•其肯定回答一般可用：Allright./OK./Goodidea.等。如：•—ShallwegototheBird'sNesttogether?我们一起去鸟巢好吗？•—Goodidea.好主意。•建议三：hadbetter意为“最好；还是……好”，常用于口语中，其后接动词原形。如：•Youhadbettergotobedearly.你最好早点儿上床睡觉。•Youhadbetternotputoffthemeeting.你最好不要推迟这个会议。•建议四：What/Howabout...?意为“……怎么样？”，其后可接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。如：•Whataboutacupoftea?来杯茶怎么样？•What/HowaboutbuyingheraCD?•给她买张光盘怎么样？•建议五：Let's...表示“让我们（包含对方在内）……”，其后接动词原形。如：•Let'sgototheparktomorrow,shallwe?•让我们明天去公园，好吗？•建议六：句型Wouldyoulike...?意为“你想/愿意……吗？”，其后接sth.或todosth.。如：•Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?你想来杯茶吗？•Wouldyouliketogowithme?你想和我一起去吗？•建议七：句型Will/Couldyouplease...?意为“请你……好吗？”，其后接动词原形。如：•Will/Couldyoupleaseclosethedoor?请你关上门好吗？•Couldyoupleasenottalkinclass?请你上课别说话好吗？•建议八：We/Youshould/could...意为“我们、你们应该……”，其后接动词原形，如：•Weshouldgetupearlier.我们应该早点起床。•Youcouldwritetoher.你可以给她写信。•建议九：句型Wouldyoumind...?意为“你介意……吗?”，后接v.-ing形式。如：•Wouldyoumindtalkinginalowvoice?•你们介意说话小点声吗？•Wouldyoumindmyopeningthedoor?•你介意我把门打开吗？回答建议的表达方式：•1.同意对方的建议时，一般用：•①Goodidea./That'sagoodidea./Soundsgreat.好主意。/听起来不错。•②OK./Allright./Great.好。/行。/太好了。•③Noproblem.没问题。•④Iagreewithyou.我同意你的看法。•⑤Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Iwill./I'dloveto.•当然可以。/我愿意。•2.表示委婉谢绝时常用：•①Idon'tthinkso.我不这么认为。•②Sorry,Ican't./Sorry,but...•对不起，我不能。/对不起，可是……•③I'dlove/liketo,but...•我愿意，但是……•④I'mafraidnot.恐怕不行。Exercises:•从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话.A.Let’sgetready.B.Whynot?C.Willyougowithme?D.Whataboutsomedrinkandfood?E.ShallwegototheGreatWall?F.we’dbettergotherebybike.W：Hi,Billy!It'safineday,isn'tit?M：Yes,itis.Whatareyougoingtodo?W：Nothingmuch.Iwanttogooutforapicnic.1M：2Whereshallwego?W：3M：Goodidea.Howarewegoingthere?W：Ithink4Wecanseemuchontheway.M：Iagreewithyou.Whatshallwetakewithus?W：5CBEFDA单选题。1.--___comeandjoinus?--___.ButIhavetomeetmyuncleattheairport.A.Whynotto；IthinksoB.Whynot；IhopesoC.Whydon't;I'mverytiredD.Whynotyou;Ilikeit2.--Whataboutgoingswimmingwithmethisafternoon?--___,butIhavealotofhomeworktodo.A.I'dlovetoB.Yes,let'sgoC.No,Iwon'tD.Itdoesn'tmatterBA3.--Sohotintheclassroom.Wouldyoumind___thewindow?--No,I'lldoitrightnow.A.tocloseB.notopeningC.closingD.opening4.--WouldyoumindifIsithere?--___.Theseathasalreadybeentaken.A.GoodideaB.BetternotC.I'dlovetoD.youhavetoDB5.--Whataboutgoingoutforadrink？--___.A.Itsoundsgood.B.Youmay,ifyoulikeC.No,Idon'tmind.D.You'rewelcome6.--Couldyoupleasegivemeahand?Thedictionaryisonthetopshelf,outofmyreach.--___.A.Itdoesn'tmatter.B.Notatall.C.Noproblem.D.It'smypleasure.AC7.--Wouldyouminddoingthewashing?--___.I'mbusywithmyhomework.A.Yes,Ido.B.Sorry,Iwon't.C.OK,I'lldoitinaminute.D.Pleasedon't.8.--It'stoohot.Wouldyoumind___thedoor?--___.Pleasedoitnow.A.toopen;OKB.opening;Certainlynot.C.opening;Ofcourse.D.toopen;Goodidea.AB9.--Couldyouplease___mearound?--___,Iwon't.A.don'tfollow;NoB.nottofollow;SorryC.notfollowing;NoD.notfollow;Sorry10.--Iboughtasmallerskirt.___?--Certainlynot.Hereyouare.A.Couldyougivemeabiggerone?B.Couldyougivemeanotherone?C.Wouldyoumindgivingmeabiggerone?D.Couldyoumindgivingmeanotherone?DC【2】由until，sothat和although引导的状语从句1.until引导的时间状语从句1）肯定句中，意思是“直到……为止”。IwatchedTVuntilshecameback.直到她回来为止我一直在看电视。Ihavetostayhereuntiltherainstops.我不得不待在这儿，直到雨停。2）否定句中，not...until，“则应译为直到……才……”。Cathydidn'tgohomeuntiltherainstopped.直到雨停了，凯西才回家。Iwon'tbelieveituntilIseeitwithmyowneyes.直到亲眼看见，我才会相信。[真题回放]--Excuseme.Isitmyturnnow?--Notyet.Pleasewaitoutside___yournameiscalled.(2018恩施)•A.untilB.sinceC.soA2.sothat引导的状语从句1)sothat(以便/……为了)引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can/could/may/might等连用。IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.Pleaseopenthewindowsothatwecanbreathefreshair.Youmustgonowsothatyouwon'tbelate.2）sothat（以至于；结果……）引导结果状语从句，从句陈述的是客观事实。•Hespokeclearly,sothateverybodyunderstoodhim.•他讲话讲得很清楚，所以大家都听懂了。•Theroomwaspackedwithpeople，sothatwecouldn’tgetin．•房间里挤满了人，我们进不去。•Weallarrivedateight，sothatthemeetingbeganimmediately.•我们都是八点到达的，结果会议马上就开始了。[真题回放]--Whatamess!Thesharingbikesarethrowneverywhere.--Let'scollectandputthemintherightplace___theycanbeusedconveniently.（2018东营）A.unlessB.sothatC.becauseD.solongasB3.although引导的让步状语从句although引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然；尽管；即使……”，可和though互换使用，但两者均不可与but连用。Althoughheisveryold,hestillworksveryhard.他虽然年纪大了，但仍然很努力工作。Thoughitwasraining,wewentthere.尽管下着雨，我们还是去了那儿。[真题回放]___SquareDancingisgoodexercisefortheold,sometimesitmakesalotofnoise.（2018孝感）A.IfB.AlthoughC.UntilD.BecauseBExercises:1.--Hasthemeetingbegunyet？--Notyet.Wehavetowaiteveryoneishere.▁▁A.andB.untilC.orD.but2.Wedon'tknowtheloveofourparentswebecome▁▁parentsourselvesoneday.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.afterBB3.Mrs.Smithexplainedtheproblemclearlyallofus▁▁couldunderstandher.A.untilB.althoughC.sothatD.assoonas4.ManycollegestudentsgotoWestChinatohelplocalpeople,theymayfindagoodjobinbigcities.▁▁A.becauseB.ifC.althoughD.afterCC5.Helendidn'tknowanythingaboutit___herfathertoldher.A.ifB.becauseC.afterD.until6.Johndidn'tgiveuplookingforajob___hegotanofferfromaGermancompany.A.untilB.sinceC.becauseD.ifDA7.____jeanswereinventedover100yearsago,they'restillinfashiontoday.A.BecauseB.IfC.AlthoughD.Since8.Somechildrenprefertoeatsweetchocolate___it’snotgoodfortheirhealth.A.becauseB.ifC.whenD.thoughCD9.“Awhiteelephant”meanssomethingthatisuseless,___itmaycostalotofmoney.A.unlessB.untilC.sinceD.although10.--___theworkersareverytired,___theykeeponworking.--Theyaregreat.Wemustlearnfromthem.A.Because;/B.Though;/C.Because;soD.Though;butDBThankyou!