八下-Unit-7,英语人教版八下unit7

Unit7Unit7What'sthehighestmountainWhat'sthehighestmountainintheworld?intheworld?SectionALanguagepoints1.Qomolangmaishigherthananyothermountainintheworld.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何山都高。(P491b)anyother意为“其他任何一个”，接可数名词单数，常用于比较级句型，表达最高级含义，相当于“anyoftheother+名词复数”•thananyother+单=thananyoftheothers•=thananyoftheother+复•TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.•=TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyoftheotherriversinChina.•=TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.•长江比中国的其他任何一条河流都长。/长江是中国最长的河流。•2.Chinahasthelargest/biggestpopulationintheworld.(P502a)•中国是世界上人口最多的国家。•①表示人口多用large/big，人口少用small，而不用much/many或little/few。•②population是一个集合名词，意为“人口；人口数量”，单独做主语时谓语动词常用单三。•Theworld'spopulationislargerandlarger.世界人口越来越多。•拓展：询问人口数量：What'sthepopulationof...?•What'sthepopulationofyourhometown?•你的家乡有多少人口？•Exercise:•Billjumpedthananyotherplayeratthesports▁▁meeting.•A.tallB.tallerC.highD.higherD•3.Feelfreetoaskmeanythingontoday'sGreatWalltour.(P502d)•关于今天的长城之旅，请随意向我提问。•(1)feelfree意为“(可以)随便(做某事)”，其后可接动词不定式。•Feelfreetovisitmyhouse!欢迎随时来我家做客！•(2)tourn.旅行；旅游•Theyareplanningatouraroundtheworld.•他们正计划一次环球旅行。•拓展：tourv.旅行；旅游•WearetouringinBingjing.我们正在北京旅游。•tourguide导游touristn.游客•Everyyear,lotsoftouristscometotheGreatWall.每年都有大量的游客来长城。•4.Wow,that'samazing!哇，真令人惊叹！(P502d)•amazingadj.令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜/惊叹的•其主语或修饰的名词通常是事物，在句中作表语或定语。•Thisisanamazingstory.这是一个令人惊奇的故事。•➷amazedadj.感到惊奇的•其主语或修饰的名词通常是人，在句中作表语•beamazedat...对……感到惊讶•Hewasamazedatthenews.他对这个消息感到很吃惊。•5.TheHimalayasrunalongthesouthwesternpartofChina.喜马拉雅山脉蜿蜒于中国的西南部。(P513a)•①runvi.延伸；延续；持续•Theroadrunsformanykilometersbythesea.•这条公路沿着海边延伸了数公里。•Thatfilmranforsixweeks.那部电影连续放映了六周。•➷vi.运行；运营•Thecompanyrunswell.这个公司运营得很好。•②alongprep.沿着；顺着•常与动词walk、go、run等词连用，表示动作的方向。•Goalongthestreetandyou'llseethebookstoreonyourright.沿着这条街走，你会在你的右侧看到那家书店。•6.Evenmoreseriousdifficultiesincludefreezingweatherconditionsandheavystorms.(P513a)•更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴。•(1)includevt.包括；包含指整体包含某部分内容。•Thepriceincludesbothhouseandfurniture.•这个价格包括房子和家具。•辨析：including&included•includingprep.包括……在内，后接名词或代词，在句中作状语•ManymiddlestudentslikereadingHarryPotter,includingme.很多中学生喜欢读《哈利•波特》，包括我在内。•includedadj.包括在内的，一般位于名词或代词之后，作后置定语•Everyonestoodup,meincluded.•每个人都站起来了，包括我。•Exercise：•--Dohispetsthecat?▁▁•--Yes.Hehasthreepetcatsthisone.▁▁•A.include;includeB.include;including•C.including;includingD.including;includeB•(2)freezingadj.极冷的；冰冻的•=extremelycold•Itwasfreezingthatmorning.那天早晨非常冷。•It'shardtocutoffthefreezingmeat.冷冻肉是很难切的。•➷v.freeze(froze,frozen)结冰；(使)冻住•Waterfreezesat0.℃水在0摄氏度结冰。•(3)conditionn.条件；状况可数&不可数•Theplayerisingoodcondition,buthislivingconditionsareterrible.这个运动员的健康状况良好，但他的生活条件非常糟糕。•in/under...condition在……的情况或环境下•Thecarisinexcellentcondition.•这辆汽车的车况好极了。•7....whilethefirstwomantosucceedwasJunkoTabeifromJapanin1975.(P513a)•……而1975年第一位成功到达峰顶的女性是来自日本的田部井淳子。•(1)thefirstwoman(tosucceed)不定式作后置定语•I'mthefirst(toarrive).我是第一个到的。•(2)succeedvi.实现目标；成功•反义词：fail失败•succeedinsth./doingsth.成功做成某事•Theysucceededinsolvingtheproblem.他们成功地解决了那个难题。•Ifyouworkhard,you'llsucceed.你如果努力工作，就会成功。•拓展：•n.success①成功；成就［U.］②成功的人或事［C.］•Heisasuccessinthisfield.Sohewillmeetwithsuccessthistime.他在这个领域是一个卓有成就的人，因此这次他将会获得成功。•➷adj.successful成功的➷adv.successfully成功地•Heisasuccessfulbusinessman.他是一位成功的商人。•Hefinishedtheworksuccessfully.他成功地完成了这项工作。•8.Oneofthemainreasonsisthatpeoplewanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties.(P513a)•一个主要的原因是人们想在面对困难时挑战自己。•(1)oneof+可数名词复数•(2)challengevt.挑战；考验•challengesb.to(do)sth.向某人挑战(做)某事•Themanwouldliketochallengenobody.这个人不想向任何人挑战。•Hechallengedmetoplaychess.他向我挑战下国际象棋。•拓展：challengen.［C.］挑战•Weshouldfacethechallengesbravelyinsteadofgivingup.我们应该勇敢地面对挑战而不是放弃。•(3)inthefaceof面对(问题、困难等)•Heshowedgreatbraveryinthefaceofdanger.•面对危险他表现得非常勇敢。•Exercises:•1.AfterlunchMark____metoagameoftennis.•A.finishedB.beatC.challengedD.won•2.--I'mafraidIcan'tpasstheexam.•--Don'tworry.Ifyouworkhard,you'll____.•A.succeedB.finishC.beginD.develop•3.--Ihavecompletedallthework.▁▁•--Congratulations!•A.succeedB.sucessC.successfulD.successfully•4.WorkhardandIamsureyoucansucceedthereportbysix▁▁o'clock.•A.finishB.tofinishC.infinishingD.tofinishingCADC•9.Thespiritoftheseclimbersshowsusthatweshouldnevergiveuptryingtoachieveourdreams.这些登山者的精神向我们表明：我们绝不应该放弃实现梦想的尝试。(P513a)•achievev.达到；完成；成功•Sheachievedgreatsuccessinashorttime.她用很短的时间取得了极大的成功。•Noonecanachieveanythingwithouteffort.谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。•achieveourdreams•=makeourdreamscometrue•实现我们的梦想•拓展：achievementn.［C.］成就；成绩•We'dliketocelebratetheachievementsofourstudents.我们想要庆祝学生们取得的成绩。•辨析：achieve&cometrue•achievev.达到；完成，其主语一般是人•sb.achievesth.•Heworkssohardthatheissuretoachievehisdreams.他工作如此努力，一定会实现他的梦想。•cometrue实现；成为现实，其主语一般是事物(理想、愿望等)sth.cometrue•Weallhopeourdreamswillcometrue.我们都希望梦想成真。•10.Italsoshowsthathumanscansometimesbestrongerthantheforcesofnature.(P513a)•它也显示了人类有时能比自然的力量更强大。•theforce(s)of……的力量/力•forcen.力；力量［C.］［U.］•拓展：v.强迫；迫使•forcesb.todosth.迫使某人做某事•Theyforcedhimtoleavethesmalltown.他们强迫他离开这个小镇。SectionB1.weighs5,000kilos重达5000公斤(P531a)•weighvi.①重达……；重……；重量是……•Thebagweighs2kilos.这个包重两公斤。•Howmuchdidyouweighlasttime?你上次体重是多少？•②vt.称重•CaoChongweighedtheelephant.曹冲称象•Weighthispackageforme,please.请给我称一下这个包裹。•拓展：weightn.［U.］重量•loseweight减重putonweight增重•It'sabout20kilosinweight.•这东西约重20千克。•Mymotheristryingtoloseweight.•我妈妈正在努力减肥。•2.Thiselephantweighsmanytimesmorethanthispanda.这头大象比这只熊猫重许多倍。(P531a)•manytimesmorethan比……许多倍•倍数表达法之一•timen.［C.］倍数•Thisbuildingisthreetimestallerthanthatone.这座楼比那座楼高三倍。英语中常用的倍数表达法：•①A+谓语+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than+BA比B……多少倍•Herunstwicefasterthanhissister.他跑得比他妹妹快两倍。•Theroomisthreetimeslargerthanours.这个房间比我们的大三倍。•②A+谓语+倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+BA是B的……倍•Hisfatheristwiceastallashim.他父亲的身高是他的两倍。•③A+谓语+倍数+theheight/weight/length/size+of+BA的高度/重量/长度/大小是B的……倍•Thehillisfourtimesheightofthatone.这座小山的高度是那座小山的四倍。•Exercises:•1.TheSaharaisabout29theTaklamakan,▁▁•thelargestdesertinChina.•A.timesaslargeasB.timesaslargeras•C.timeaslargerasD.timeslarger•2.ThefastestplanemadebytheUSAcanfly10,000•metersthesoundperhour.▁▁•A.lessthanB.morethan•C.fasterthanD.slowerthanAC•3.Becauseofthegreenhouseeffect(温室效应),thesealevelwillbecome.▁▁•A.tallandtallB.highandhigh•C.tallerandtallerD.higherandhigher•4.InJapan,cherryflowersarealotthanpeachflowers.▁▁•A.mostpopularB.morepopular•C.popularD.popularer•5.--Doyouknowtheofthestone?▁▁--Yes.Itabout200kilos.▁▁•A.weight;weighsB.weighs;weighs•C.weigh;weighsD.weigh;weightsDBA•3.Itis8:30a.m.atChengduResearchBase.•现在是早上八点半，在成都研究基地。(P542b)•researchn.研究；调查•doresearchon/into...对……进行调查/研究•He'sdoingsomeresearchonChinesehistory.•他正在研究中国历史。•拓展：researchvi.研究；调查•researchinto...对……进行研究•They'reresearchingintothecauseofCOVID-19.•他们正在研究新冠疾病的起因。•4.At9:00a.m.,theyfindthatmostofthebabiesarealreadyawakeandhungry.(P542b)•上午九点，他们发现大多数熊猫幼崽已经醒来并且饿了。•awakeadj.醒着在句中作表语或后置定语，反义词asleep•Isheawakeorasleep?他是醒着还是睡着了？•Anyoneawakeheardthesound.•任何醒着的人都听到了那个声音。•辨析：awake&wake•awakeadj.①醒着•It'slateatnight,butheisstillawake.夜深了，但他仍然醒着。•②v.唤起；醒悟到•Nothingcanawakeherinterestinthistrip.•没有什么能唤醒她对这次旅行的兴趣。•wakev.弄醒；醒来•wakeup叫醒；唤醒；醒来•Whattimedoyouusuallywakeup?你通常几点醒来？•Pleasewakemeupat6:00tomorrowmorning.•请在明天早晨六点钟叫醒我。•5.Whenthebabiesseethekeepers,theyrunovertothemwithexcitementandsomeoftheyoungpandasevenwalkintotheirfriendsandfallover!当熊猫幼崽看到饲养员时，它们兴奋地跑向他们，其中一些年幼的熊猫甚至撞上自己的伙伴而跌倒！(P542b)•(1)runoverto跑向……•Sheranovertomeandsaidhello.•她跑向我并打招呼。•(2)withexcitement激动地；兴奋地=excitedly•Whenheworkedouttheproblem,hejumpedwithexcitement.•当他解开那道难题时，他兴奋地跳了起来。•(3)walkinto(走路时)意外撞上•Becarefulwhenyougodownstairs,oryoumaywalkintootherpeople.•下楼时要注意，不然可能会撞着别人。•(4)fallover绊倒；跌倒；倒下•Manytreesfelloveraftertherainstorm.暴风雨后，许多树木都倒了。•Hefelloverandhurthisleg.他跌倒并把腿摔伤了。•6.Another300orsoliveinzoosorresearchcentersinChinaandothercountries.(P542b)•还有大约300只生活在中国和其他国家的动物园或研究中心。•(1)anotherdet.另一；又一•another+基数词+n.=基数词+other/more+n.•另外的……/再……•Westayedthereforanotherfivedays.•=Westayedthereforfiveother/moredays.•我们在那儿又待了五天。•(2)orso大约常位于数词或表示时间的名词之后，相当于about或around(放在数词或表示时间的名词之前)•Thereare100stafforsoinourcompany.•=Thereareabout/around100staffinourcompany.我们公司大约有100名员工。•7.Thebabiesoftendiefromillnessanddonotliveverylong.幼崽常死于疾病并且活不了多长时间。(P542b)•(1)辨析：diefrom&dieof•相同点：当表示因病而死亡，二者可互换使用。•区别：diefrom侧重指外部原因，如事故、自然灾害等•Hediedfromatrafficaccident.他死于一场交通事故。•dieof侧重指自身原因，如衰老、饥饿、忧伤等•Itissaidthattheoldmandiedofsorrow.据说那位老人是死于忧伤。•(2)illnessn.疾病；病•➷adj.ill-ness名词后缀•Hecan'tcomebecauseofillness.他因病不能来。•kind-kindness仁慈good-goodness善良•happy-happiness幸福sad-sadness悲伤Exercises:1.--Someoftheanimalsthepollution.▁▁--Right.Thegovernmentwillfindwaystosolvetheproblem.A.dietoB.dieinC.dieofD.diefrom2.OurChineseteacherdidn'tcometoschooltodaybecauseofthe.Wehopeshewillbebettersoon.▁▁A.spaceB.weatherC.illnessD.homeworkDC•3.Hefellearlylastnight,andhewasearlythis▁▁▁▁morning.•A.sleep;wakeB.asleep;wake•C.asleep;awakeD.sleep;awake•4.Thefansshoutedwithwhentheysawthe▁▁famoussinger.•A.excitingB.excitedC.exciteD.excitement•5.Shediedatrafficaccidentlastweek.▁▁•A.outB.withC.fromD.ofCDCThankyou!