八下-Unit-2-PPT,八下英语人教版电子课本

Unit2I'llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionALanguagepoints•1.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.•你可以帮忙打扫城市公园。（P91a)•cleanup打扫干净；把……收拾干净•Pleasecleanupyourroom/cleanyourroomup.(名词放两边）请把你的房间打扫干净。•There'ssomebrokenglassontheground,pleasecleanitup.（代词放中间）•地上有些碎玻璃，请打扫干净。牛刀小试1.Weshouldourclassroomandkeepittidy▁▁andclean.A.setupB.cleanupC.cutupD.getup2.Judylookssad.Let’s____.A.putupherB.cheerupherC.putherupD.cheerherupBD•2.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。（P91b）•giveout=handout分发；散发•give-gave-given•Pleasehelpmegiveoutthesetestpapers.•拓展：giveaway=donate捐赠(P131a)•I'llgiveawayallthetoystotheboys.•我将把所有的玩具都捐赠给那些男孩。•giveup放弃givein屈服giveback归还•giveoff(lightandheat)发出；放出（光和热）•3.Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.这个女孩可以自愿参加课外学习项目来教孩子们。(P91b)•HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.•他每周六上午在一家动物医院做义工。(P113a)•volunteern.志愿者；v.志愿做……•volunteertodosth.志愿/自愿做某事•Shevolunteerstoteachinthesmallvillage.•她自愿去小村庄教书。•volunteer...todosth.自愿贡献……去做某事•Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeople...(P124b)•自愿奉献我们的时间来帮助这些人……•4.Wecouldeachcallup10studentsandaskthemtocome.(P102b)•我们可以每人给10个学生打电话让他们过来。•callup召集；给……打电话•拓展：dressup打扮giveup放弃(P113A)•pickup捡起cutup切碎•stayup熬夜makeup编造；弥补•putup举起；张贴；建造（P102b）•wakeup叫醒；醒来cheerup使……振作起来•setup成立；建立（P142b）牛刀小试1.Hefindsapart-timejob,Hehelpsto_____publicitymaterials(宣传品).A.hangoutB.stayupC.fixupD.handout2.--Mom,where'smyoldbike?--I_____toapoorboy.A.gaveitawayB.gaveawayitC.gaveitoutD.giveitaway3.—Iwanttovolunteer.WhatcanIdo?—Youcan____foodatthefoodbank.A.giveoutB.workoutC.giveupD.callupDAA•5.Wecan'tputoffmakingaplan.(P102b)•我们不能推迟制定计划。•putoffsth/doingsth.推迟做某事；拖延……•putoffsthtill/until+时间把某事推迟到某时候(P124a)•Don'tputoffthingstilltomorrow.今日事今日毕。•WeputoffthepicnicuntilnextSundaybecauseofthebadweather.由于天气不好，我们把野餐推迟到下周日。•拓展：putaway把……放好；收拾；整理•putup举起；张贴；建造putout(thefire)熄灭牛刀小试1.--Howheavilyitisraining!--Whatapity!Wehaveto___oursportsmeeting.A.putoffB.putoutC.putonD.putup2.Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillputoff___forShanghai.A.leavingB.toleaveC.leftD.leavesAA•6.Weneedtocomeupwithaplan...(P102b2c)•我们需要想出一个计划……•comeupwithanidea/aplan/asolution•想出一个主意/计划/解决办法•comeupwith=thinkup=thinkout想出•Haveyoucomeupwithanidea?•你想出主意了吗？•7.Theytoldmestories(aboutthepast),andhowthingsusedtobe.(P102d)•他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。•①usedto+v.原过去……；曾经……•否定：usedn'ttodo/didn'tusetodo•Sheusedtobeanurse.•SheusedtoworkinNo.8MiddleSchool.•②howthingsusedtobe宾语从句用陈述句语序•回忆:usedtodo&beusedtodoing的区别？1.Scientistsaretryingtheirbestto____waystotreattheNCP.A.comeupwithB.lookforwardtoC.talkaboutD.giveup2.Heusedto___toschoolbybikebutheisusedto___toschoolnow.A.go,walkingB.go,walkC.going,walkD.going,walking3.--Couldyoutellme_____theoldmanhappy?--Youcanspendmoretimetalkingwithhim.A.howcanImakeB.howcouldImakeC.howIcanmakeD.howIcouldmake牛刀小试AAC•8....alotofoldpeoplearelonely.(P102d）•……许多老人都很孤独。•lonelyadj.寂寞的；孤单的•feellonely感到孤独•alone①adj.单独的；独自的•Iwanttobealone.我想一个人呆着。②adv.独自地；单独地=byoneselflivealone一个人住；单独生活•Mygrandmalivesalonebutshedoesn'tfeellonely.•我外婆一个人住，但她不感到孤独。•9.Weshouldlistentothemandcareforthem.•我们应该倾听他们并照顾他们。(P102d)•carefor=takecareof=lookafter•照看；照料•careabout关心；计较；在乎•Idon'tcareaboutifmyfriendsarethesameasmeordifferent.•我不在乎我的朋友跟我一样还是跟我不同。牛刀小试Mr.Smithlives____inthemountain,butheneverfeels____.A.alone;lonelyB.lonely,aloneC.alone;aloneD.lonely;lonelyA•10.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners'faces.当我看到动物们(病情)渐好，看到它们主人脸上的喜悦表情时，我产生出那么一种极强的满足感来。（P113a)•(1)feelingofsatisfaction满足感•①feelingn.感觉•feel-felt-feltv.感觉•What'syourfeeling?你感觉如何？•②satisfactionn.满意；满足•→satisfyv.使……满意的•besatisfiedwith...对……满意•Myparentsaresatisfiedwithme.我父母对我很满意。•(2)joyn.高兴；愉快(P113a)•Hejumpedupwithjoy.他高兴得跳了起来。•toone'sjoy使……高兴的是•Totheirjoy,theywonthefootballgameatlast.使他们高兴的是，他们的足球赛最终赢了。•(3)ownern.物主；主人•theownerof...……的主人•Heistheownerofthecar.他是那辆车的主人。•11.Lastyear,shedecidestotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.去年，她决定参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者选拔。（P113a)•tryout试用；试验；选拔•①tryoutforsth./doingsth.参加选拔•Wouldyouliketotryoutforthesingingcompetition?•你想参加这个歌唱比赛的选拔吗？•②tryout+sth尝试……•WhenEdisonwasyoung,hewasalwaystryingoutnewideas.爱迪生很小的时候就总是尝试新点子。•CouldItryoutthiscellphone?•我可以试玩这部手机吗？•③tryon试穿•Ihavetriedontheshoes,theyarecomfortable.•回忆：trytodo&trydoing有什么区别？•tryone'sbesttodo尽某人最大努力做某事•12.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.•她在四岁时就可以独立阅读。（P113a)•①byoneself单独地；独自地=alone•Helivesbyhimselfontheisland.他一个人在岛上生活。•②attheageoffour=whenshewasfour(yearsold)•13.homelesspeople无家可归的人(P124b)•useless无用的hopeless绝望的•helpless无助的careless粗心的•14.Wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.•我们可以制定计划去看望生病住院的孩子们或者为无家可归的人筹款。(P124b)•raisevt.①筹集raisemoney筹款•②升起；举起raisetheflag升旗•raiseone'shand=putupone'shand举手•③提高raiseone'svoice提高音量•④饲养raisebirds=keepbirds养鸟•规则变化：raise-raised-raised比较：rise-rose-risenvi.升起；上升Thesunrises.太阳升起来了。Theriverhasrisen.河水上涨。牛刀小试•—Whendidyoulearntodance?•—___theageoffive.•A.InB.ForC.AtD.OnCSectionBLanguagepoints•1.Itakeaftermyfather.我长得像我爸爸。•I'msimilartoher.我和她很像。（P131a)•takeafter=besimilarto•（一般指由于血缘关系而在外貌、性格等方面）相似•looklike看起来像（尤其指外表）•Thehatlookslikeacat.这顶帽子看起来像只猫。•Itlookslikeasnake.它看起来像条蛇。•2.Irepairedit.Ifixeditup.我把它修好了。（P131a)•repair维修；修理（大件或构造较复杂的事物，如钟表、电视、汽车，或修筑堤坝、道路、桥梁等）•Ihavetohavemycarrepaired.我的车该修了。•fix修理（不能正常工作的东西，侧重于安装、调整，常用于美国口语中）I'mtryingtofixmybike.我在努力修我的自行车。•mend修补（破损的东西，如鞋、胎、伞、桌椅等物体上的裂缝、破•3.WhowrotethelettertoMissLi?(P142b)•谁给李小姐写了这封信？•write-wrote-written•write(aletter)tosb.写信给某人•letter①n.字母biglettter大写字母•smallletter小写字母AaBbCcDd...②n.信Ireceivedaletterfrommycousin.=Iheardfrommycousin.我收到了我表妹的来信。•4.I'msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.(P142b)•我确信你知道这个组织是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人而建立的。•(1)setup=establish=putup+组织、机构、团体建立……•Wesetupacompany.我们成立了一家公司。•setupharmonioussociety建立和谐社会•(2)disabledadj.残疾的•thedisabled残疾人•the+adj.表示某一类人•theold老年人theyoung年轻人•thepoor穷人therich富人•Thepoorstarvewhiletherichfeast.•穷人挨饿，而富人在大吃大喝。(复数概念，谓语动词用复数)•6.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.有了你的帮助，我才可能拥有Lucky。(P142b)•makeitpossibleforsb.todosth.•使某人做某事成为可能（it是形式宾语，后面不定式是真正的宾语）•feel/think/findit+adj.+forsb.todosth.•觉得/认为/发现对某人来说做某事怎么样•IfinditdifficultformetolearnFrench.•我发现对我来说学好法语很难。•7.Orimagineyoucan'twalkoruseyourhandseasily.或者想象一下你不能自如地走也不能自如地使用双手。(P142b)•imaginev.想象•①imagine+n.WecanhardlyimaginelifewithoutWIFI.•②imagine+doingDoyouimaginebecomingapilot?•③imagine+从句Ican'timaginewhatwillhappentomenext.•→imaginationn.想象力•Shehasplentyofimagination.她的想象力非常丰富。•8.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspeicaltraineddog.她与“动物帮手”组织联系，试图给我找一只特殊的、经过训练的狗。(P142b)•trainv.训练；n.火车→trainingn.训练•→trainedadj.受过训练的•train...todosth.训练……做……•trainsb.in...在……方面培养或训练某人•—WheredoesMr.Greenwork?•—Heteachesinadriving____school.•A.trainB.trainingC.trainedD.trainsB9.Yousee,I'monlyabletohavea“doghelper”becauseofyourkindness!你看，正是因为你的仁慈，我才能有一个“狗狗帮手”！(P142b)kind-kindnessn.仁慈；善良；好意•Thankyouforyourkindness.谢谢你的好意。•ill-illness病；疾病good-goodness善良；美德（辨析：goddess女神）•happy-happiness幸福sad-sadness悲伤；悲痛•10.IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.我喜爱动物，并且我对拥有一只狗的主意感到很兴奋。•beexcitedaboutsth/doingsth.对……感到兴奋的(P142b)•Areyouexcitedaboutgoingonaschooltrip?•I'mexcitedabouttheWorldCup.•回忆：excited&exciting的区别？•牛刀小试•（）Everyonewas___whentheyheardthis____news.•A.excited;excitedB.exciting;exciting•C.excited;excitingD.exciting;excitedC11.Theideahecameupwithworkedoutfine.他想出的主意很有效。(P16Selfcheck)workout解决；制定出；计算出；锻炼Ittookmetwohourstoworkouttheproblem.解决这个问题花了我两个小时。Whentheboysaregolfing,Iamworkingoutinthegym.当那些男孩们打高尔夫的时候，我在健身房健身。Grammar动词不定式•一、动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，通常由“to+动词原形”构成。其中to为不定式符号，在有些情况下可以省略。否定形式为：notto+动词原形•二、动词不定式在句中可以用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等，没有人称和数的变化。•作主语•主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。•1.It's+形容词+(forsb.)+动词不定式•TolearnEnglishwellisuseful.=It’susefultolearnEnglishwell.学好英语是有用的。•Toprotectenvironmentisimportantforus.•=It’simportantforustoprotectenvironment.•对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。•2.It's+kind/good/nice/clever+ofsb.+动词不定式•It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.你帮助我真是太好啦。•It'sverycleverofyoutodolikethat.你那样做真的太聪明啦。•3.Ittakessb.sometimetodosomething.•做某事花费某人多长时间•4.Itisagoodideatodosth.做某事是一个好主意。作宾语1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词用法有：wanttodosth.想要……decidetodosth.决定……hopetodosth.希望……plantodosth.计划……offertodosth.提出……agreetodosth.同意……learntodosth.学着做……；学会做……trytodosth.尽力/努力……prefertodosth.宁可/更喜欢……promisetodosth.承诺……needtodosth.需要……expecttodosth.盼望……•2.sb.+find/think/feel+it+形容词+(forsb.)+todo(it作形式宾语）IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.我发现每天读英语很容易的。Hefeltithardtosleep.他觉得很难入睡。IthinkitveryinterestingtolearnEnglish.我认为学英语很有趣。Wefounditimpossibletocrosstheriver.我们发现过河是不可能的。作宾语补足语宾语补足语：对宾语进行补充说明。宾语和宾补之间有逻辑的主谓关系。1.后面常跟动词不定式作宾补的动词用法有：asksbtodosth.tellsbtodosth.invitesbtodosth.wantsbtodosth.wishsbtodosth.ordersbtodosth.advisesbtodosth.allowsbtodosth.Shetoldmetobuyaticket.她让我去买张票。DadaskedmetotalkaboutEnglishstudy.爸爸要求我谈谈有关英语学习的事。2.省去to的情况：一感：feelIfeltacatcomeinjustnow.刚才我感觉有一只猫进来了。二听：listento/hearIoftenlistentohimspeakEnglish.我经常听她说英语。Ioftenhearhersing.我经常听见她唱歌。三使：make/let/haveHemadethebabylaugh.他逗得那个婴儿大笑。Let'sgo!我们走吧！四看：lookat/watch/see/noticeInoticedtheboyentertheroom.我注意到那个男孩进入房间。Thestudentslookedattheteacherdotheexperiment.学生们看老师做实验。五帮助：helpTheteacherhelpsthestudents(to)learnEnglishwell.那些老师帮助学生学好英语。Heoftenhelpshismom(to)tidyuptheroom.他经常帮助他妈妈整理房间。作表语表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”Herjobistocleanthehall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。Mydreamistobeascientist.我的梦想是当一名科学家。作定语动词不定式修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语，要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。Ihavealotofbookstoread.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?Ihavenothingtosayonthisquestion.在这个问题上我没什么要说的。YangLiweiisthefirstChinesemantogointospace.杨利伟是中国进入太空第一人。作状语动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性，可在句中作状语。Heworkeddayandnighttogetthemoney.（表目的）他日夜工作来赚钱。(too...to...和...adj./adv.enoughtodosth)（表结果）Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.=Sheisn'toldenoughtogotoschool.她太小了，还不能上学。Theywereverysadtohearthenews.（表原因）听到这个消息他们非常伤心。Thequestionissimpleforhimtoanswer.（表程度）这个问题对他来说太容易回答了。小试牛刀•一、用括号里所给词的正确形式填空。•1.Tompromised________(attend)themeeting.•2.LiMingwastooexcited______(say)aword.•3.Thebossmadethem______(work)thewholenight.•4.Hisjobis_______(look)aftertheanimalsinthezoo.•5.Mydreamis______(fly)tothemoononeday.toattendtosayworktolooktofly•6.It’shard_____(of,for)us_______(learn)Englishwell.•7.Itried____________(notmake)anynoise.•8.Ineed___________(practise)speakingmoreEnglish.•9.Doyouwanttogetsomething______(eat)?•10.Myteacheroftentellsme__________(listen)carefullyinclass.•11.WeoftenseeMary_______(help)othersonherwayhome.•12.Ourteacherasksus_________(write)downthenewwords.fortolearnnottomaketopractisetoeattolistenhelptowrite•二、单项选择。•1.It’skind_____you_____me.•A.of;helpingB.of;tohelp•C.for;helpingD.for;tohelp•2.Hehasnothing_____onSundaysandhefeels_____.•A.todo;interestingB.doing;boringC.todo;bored•3.Theteachertoldthem______makesomuchnoise.•A.don’tB.notC.willnotD.nottoBCD•4.Thedoctoraskedthepatient____richfoodaftertheoperation(手术).•A.toeatnotB.eatingnot•C.nottoeatD.noteating•5.Isawhim_______outoftheroom.•A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes•6.Heoftenmakeshislittlesister_____.•A.cryB.cryingC.criedD.tocryCAA•7.Weagreed______here.•A.metB.meetingC.tomeetD.meet•8.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped______onabigrock.•A.restedB.torestC.restingD.rest•9.Theywon’tlethismother_____himinthatway.•A.totreatB.treatedC.treatD.treatsCBC•10.I’mafraidtheywouldnotallow（允许）him_____here.•A.tosmokeB.smokingC.smokesD.smoke•11.Heneeds____hisbedroom,becauseit’stoodirty.•A.cleanB.cleaningC.tocleanD.cleaned•12.LiYangadvisedme____toomuch.•A.nottodrinkB.todrink•C.notdrinkingD.drinkingACAManstrugglesupwards;waterflowsdownwards.人往高处走，水往低处流。Thankyou!