中考英语复习课件动词不定式

动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形“,有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。中考英语总复习构成：to+do(动词原形)用法：1.用作宾语(v.+todo)Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.needtodolearntodoagreetodoplantododecidetodorefusetodobegintodostarttodotrytodoforgettodoremembertodoliketodoStoptodogoontodo2.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edison’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsb.todowishsb.todogetsb.todoordersb.todofindsb.tobelikesb.todowouldlikesb.todohelpsb.todo作宾语补足语不带to的情况：Letmedoit.Isawhimcrossthestreet.常见动词有：使役动词:let,make,have感官动词:see,watch,hear,feel,listento比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginthenextroom.3.用作状语(adverbial)：HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.(目的)Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.(目的)ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.(目的)Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.(结果)4.用作主语1.TobehereatChristmastimeismydream.2.Togoabroadishisdream.3.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.(这时可将其用形式主语it来替换)→ItismydreamtobehereatChristmastime.→Itishisdreamtogoabroad.→Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.5.用作表语Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.Herjobistolookafterthepatients.Mywishistobeascientist.Givemesomethingtodrink.Ihavetwobookstoread.Theyhavemuchfoodtoeat.Heaskedforaroomtolivein.Idon’thaveapentowritewith.Theiceishardenoughtoskateon.Heboughtatoytoplaywith.6.用作定语(这时不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。若是不及物动词,介词不能省略)7.疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加todo可构成不定式短语,在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.(主语)Idon’tknowwhattodo.(宾语)Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook.(宾语补足语)Thequestioniswho(m)toask.(表语)比较(Compare)Idon’tknowwhattodo.Idon’tknowhowtodoit.Idon’tknowwhattodoaboutit.非谓语动词(动词不定式和动词-ing形式)中考考查重点讲解e.g.1.Hehaspromisedtobehavebetterlater.2.Theboydecidednottobecomeasailor.3.Ihopetogotocollege.promise,decide,hope,agree,choose,fail,wish,learn+todosth.I.4.Heagreedtohelpus.5.Shechosetostudychemistry.6.Hefailedtopersuadehim.7.Doyouwishtoeatalone?enjoy,finish,keep,mindsuggest,can’thelpe.g.1.他对听音乐总是兴致勃勃。Healwaysenjoyslisteningtomusic.2.我打扫完房间了Ihavefinishedcleaningtheroom.3.你不能像这样老变主意。+doingsth.II.4.Wouldyoumind__________withyou?5.Hesuggested________forawalk.6.Icouldn'thelp______.mycominggoingoutcryinglove,hate,forget,rememberstop,like,try,mean+todosth.doingsth.1.Maryloves_______________.2.Ihateto_____________________.3.她忘记寄这封信了。Sheforgot__________________.reading/toreadtrouble/troublinghimtoposttheletterIII.4.我永远忘不了初次寄信的情景。I'llneverforget_______aletterforthefirsttime.5.Iremember______heronce.=IrememberthatI____(see)heronce.6.Remember________me.=Ihopeyou’llphoneme.postingseeingsawtophone他停下来跟我说话。Hestopped______________.他停止讲话Hestopped_______.他喜欢游泳。Helikes_________.我不想打扰你。Idon'tlike_____________.她试着写作文。Shetried____________________.totalkwithmetalkingswimmingtodisturbyouwritingacomposition她设法打电话找你。Shetried____________________我本来打算今天给你这本书的,可是我忘了。Imeant___________________today,butIforgot.这意味着浪费时间。Thismeans_______muchtime.togetyouonthephonetogiveyouthisbookwastingIV.ask,tell,get,wish,want,teach,know,understand1.Iaskedhim_______hereearly.2.Gethim_____adoctor.劝他去找医生看看。3.I'veknownhim_____veryfast.我听说他跑得比较快。4.Whatdidyouunderstandhim_____?你认为他说的是什么意思呢？+sb.todosth.tocometoseetoruntosaymake,have,let,see,watch,hear,feel,notice+sb.dosth.e.g.Ican'tmakethehorsego.我无法使这匹马走动。Iwon’thave(允许，容许)yousaysuchthings.我可不许你说这样的话。Mymotherwouldn'tletmegotothefilm.我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。Didyounoticehimleavethehouse?你看到他离开房间了吗？Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.V.sb.+bedone+todosth.e.gHeisoftenheard______thesong.Theyweremade_______dayandnight.tosingtoworkⅥ.be+happy,glad,pleasedangry,sorry,luckyslow,quick,carefulready,nice+todosth.e.gIamsorrytohearthat.Heiswrongtosayso.Iwasveryluckytogetacopysocheap.“我这么便宜地买到一本,真是幸运极了。quicktolearnsth.学某事学得快Becarefulnottofallofftheladder.当心别从梯子上掉下来。Heisreadytohelp.愿意帮忙Ⅶ.e.g.IfounditveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.=Ifoundthat_____veryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.Ifeelitmydutytodoso.=Ifeelthat__mydutytodoso.think,make,find,feel+it+adj./n+todosth.itwasitist’s++(for+sb.)+todosth.It’s+difficult,hard,easy,possible,impossibleimportant,`+(of+sb.)+todosth.clever,wise,kind,good,right,nicewrong,bad,cruelsilly,stupid,foolishcareful,carelessⅧ.e.gItishard___youtodoitwell.=Foryoutodoitwellishard.Itiskind___youtohelpme.=Youarekindtohelpme.forofIt’sclever__himtosayso.Itisimpossible__youtofinishit.Itwaswrong__youtotellalie.Itwascareless___youtomakesomanymistakesintheexam.Itissilly__hertodosuchathing.Itisimportant___youtolearnEnglishwell.offorofofoffore.gⅨ.e.gTheyhadnoroomtolive___.Thepenisverygoodtowrite____.Thechairisnicetosit__.what/where/when/how/why+todosth.e.g.Howtodoitisstillaquestion.Haveyoudecidedwhentoholdtheparty?inwithonⅩ.Exercises1.--You’vedoneverywellthistime.--It’sreallykind______.A.foryoutosaysoB.foryousayingsoC.ofyoutosaysoD.ofyousayingso2.Itisbettertoloseone’slifethan____.A.ifyouloseyourspiritB.losinghisspiritC.toloseone’sspiritD.yourspiritgettinglostCC3.–Ican’tworkinthisway.--Whynot____itinsomeotherway?A.trytodoB.trydoingC.tryingtodoD.tryingdoing4.Sinceyoufinditdifficult____adecision,you’dbetteradiscussion(讨论)withyourparents.A.reach;haveB.reaching;haveC.reach;havingD.toreach;haveBD5.Myfatherhates(痛恨)___.Heneverallowsme_____.A.tosmoke;tosmokeB.smoking;smokingC.smoke;smokingD.smoking;tosmoke6.Thegirlwasbeginning___.A.getangryB.togetangryC.gettingangryD.angryDB7.Thereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow________.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.whattochooseD.tochoosewhich8.Thebagistooheavyforme_______.A.tocarryitB.nottocarryitC.tocarryD.nottocarry9.Theteacherwillteachhim_______.A.touseB.useitC.howtouseitD.usesBCC找出句子中的不定式,并说出作用：1.Ittakesyoutenminutestogetthere.2.Ihopetoseehimsoon.3.Hiswishistobecomeanartist.4.Peopleeattolive,butnotlivetoeat.状语表语宾语主语5.Ihavealottotellyou.6.It’snotrighttobealwaysthinkingofoneself.7.Weoftenseehimplayfootball.定语主语宾语补足语1.跳舞非常有趣。2.种些植物是非常有必要的。Todanceisalotoffun.Itisalotoffuntodance.Togrowplantsisveryimportant.3.说英语对我来说并不容易。4.听到你的声音真高兴。Tohearyourvoiceissonice.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforme.1.我的工作是每天打扫这间屋子。2.最上策的计划就是马上离开这儿。3.我的梦想就是成为一名科学家。Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.Thebestplanistoleaveatonce.Mydreamistobeascientist.1.他想借用我的录音机。2.他们开始读和写。3.李琳喜欢玩什么？她喜欢踢足球。4.你长大了想做什么？Hewantstoborrowmyradio.Theybegantoreadandwrite.WhatsportsdoesLiLinliketoplay?Shelikestoplaysoccer.Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?1.我有许多书要看。2.她有几个问题要问。3.他有一台电视要修。4.我没什么可担心的。Ihavemanybookstoread.Shehasafewquestionstoask.HehasaTVsettorepair.Ihavenothingtoworryabout.5.他是一个值得信赖的人。6.爱迪生是第一个发明电灯的人。7.他那生病母亲最多可活三个月。Heisamantobelievein.Edisonwasthefirstmantoinventthelights.Hissickmotherhasthreemonthstoliveatmost.Theylookedforhimeverywhereandfoundhim__underthetree.a.liesb.lyingc.layd.lain考点:see/hear/find/watchsb.dosth.(看见某人做了某事）See/hear/find/watchsb.doingsth.(看见某人正在做某事)bIsawhim___thesupermarketjustnow.a.enteredb.enteringc.enterd.toenterThegirlwhosoldmatcheswasfound___thenextmorning.a.dieb.dyingc.diedd.deadcd-Doyouremember___mesomewhereinHangzhou?-Yes.Ithinkthat’s2yearsago.a.seeb.seeingc.toseed.sawbforget/remembertodosth.forget/rememberdoingsth.stop/goontodosthstop/goondoingsthThescientiststopped__tomethoughhewasbusy.a.talkingb.totalkc.tohavetalkd.havingtalkbThemoreyouthinkaboutit,themorequestionsyouwillthinkof____.a.askb.askedc.askingd.toask考点:todo表示目的Thedoctordidwhathecould____thatchild.a.saveb.tosavec.savedd.savingdbIhavenopen____.a.writingb.writingwithc.towritewithd.writingtodo作定语,如是不及物动词构成不定式短语作定语,其后需接介词c