新概念英语二册Lesson62

Lesson62AfterthefireFreetalk:Haveyoueverexperiencedanynaturaldisasters?volcano(火山)sandstorm(沙尘暴)Canyoutellsomekindofthenaturaldisasters?drought(旱灾)tsunami(海啸)Typhoon（台风）Fire(火灾）Newwordscontrol[kənˈtrəʊl]n.控制•incontrol•undercontrol•be/get/runoutofcontrol•译：不过，有人认为交通管制也会产生问题。（中考真题-2019贵州阅读B）•However,somepeoplebelievetherewillbeproblemswithtrafficcontrol.•controlsth.•Icancontrolit.=Icanmanageit.•Thosewhocancontroltheiremotionsaregreaterthangeneralswhocantakeacity.--Napoleonsmoke[sməʊk]n.烟（雾）•Acloudofblacksmokeblewoverthecity.•rain–rainy•cloud-cloudy•smokeyadj.多烟的（名词加-y,变为形容词）•smoking•译：吸烟区•smokern.抽烟的人•译：烟瘾重的人desolate[ˈdesələt]adj.荒凉的•desolateadj.荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住,荒无人烟的）；极度孤独的(与人相连时)•lonelyadj.孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无人居住）threaten[ˈθretn]v.威胁•1.threatentodosth.…威胁着要做（与人相连）；有迹象表明…•Itthreatenedtorain.有迹象表明天要下雨了。•2.threatensb.withsth.……以来威胁/恐吓某人•Thethiefthreatenedhimwithaknife.•3.Togivesignsorwarningof•Theblackcloudsthreatenastorm.surrounding[səˈraʊndɪŋ]adj.周围的•Thesurroundingcountrysideiswindsweptandrocky.•surroundv.围绕•Iliketosurroundmyselfwithbeautifulthings.•surroundingsn.环境(在周边的事物)•Shefeltuneasyintheunfamiliarsurroundings.•surroundingsn.环境(在周边的事物)•atmospheren.大气层,氛围(在周边的人文环境)•Environment环境,周围状况,自然环境destruction[dɪˈstrʌkʃn]n.破坏,毁灭•struct建设•destructiveadj.毁灭性的•destroy破坏•constructv.建设(……为创造更好的条件)•constructionn.建设,建筑•ChinaConstructionBank中国建设银行flood[flʌd]n.洪水,水灾•Theheavyrainhascausedfloodsinmanypartsofthecountry.•flood=floods都对，都可以用，无区别•AfloodofrefugeesfloodedintoPakistan.authority[ɔːˈθɒrəti]n.权威（单数）•Theauthorityofthecentralgovernmentwasrapidlyweakening.•She‘sanauthorityoncivillaw.•authorityn.当局(常用复数authorities)•Ihavetoreportthistotheauthorities.grass-seed[ɡrɑːssiːd]n.草籽spray[spreɪ]v.喷撒•spraysth.over/on……往上喷洒•spraywaterover/onflower•spraygrass-seedover/ontheground•She'shadthecarsprayedblue.quantity[ˈkwɒntəti]n.（数）量•quantitiesof…大量的•Aquantityof……大量的quantity用法结论：•1.aquantityof后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词。在它们分别和其后的名词构成短语作主语时，其谓语动词通常看of后名词的具体情况而采用单数或复数形式。•1)如果是接不可数名词，则谓语用单数形式，•2)如果是接复数可数名词，则谓语通常要采用复数形式••2．quantitiesof后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词,后面的谓语都用复数形式。practice•此外，还发现了大量的邮包。•1.Besides,alargequantityofmailbags______(be)found.•喝了好多啤酒。•2.Alargequantityofbeer______(be)consumed.•3.Quantitiesoffakecertificatesandofficialstamps___(be)alsoseized.•查获大量假证和假公章root[ruːt]n.根century[ˈsentʃəri]n.世纪•decade[ˈdekeɪd]十年•inthelastdecade•millennium[mɪˈleniəm]一千年，千禧年•Inthecourseofmillennia,thedinosaursdiedout.patch[pætʃ]n.小片•patchn.(平面上的)一片,补丁(本意)•Whatisthatyellowpatchonthewall?•apatchof一小片•patchesof许多片blacken[ˈblækən]v.变黑，发暗•Thesmokehasblackenthewalls.•-en“…………”后缀表示动词，译为使变得•weakadj.——虚弱的>weakenv.……使变弱，削弱•widen,brighten,broaden,sharpen,greatenFiremenhadbeenfightingtheforestfirefornearlythreeweeksbeforetheycouldgetitundercontrol.•getitundercontrol“”表示使它得到控制，get“……有使处于某种”“状态的含义，get+宾语+”介词短语作宾补:•TheGovernmentcannolongerkeeppricesundercontrol.•Gettheroominorder.•时态：过去完成进行时•含义：动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间；和过去完成时一样，必须以一过去时间为前提。•结构：hadbeendoingAshorttimebefore,greattreeshadcoveredthecountrysideformilesaround.•ashorttimebefore和ashorttimeago都可以与段时间相连;•是否可替换？•ashorttimebefore不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前•ashorttimeago过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前•formilesaround方圆几英里（around“”表示在周围，向四周）•Thisistheonlymodernbuildingformilesaround.Now,smokestillroseupfromthewarmgroundoverthedesolatehill.•riseup(from)从…升起•smokeriseup(烟、雾)弥漫•Hethatliesdownwithdogsmustriseupwithfleas.•近朱者赤,近墨者黑.Winterwascomingonandthehillsthreatenedthesurroundingvillageswithdestruction,forheavyrainwouldnotonlywashawaythesoilbutwouldcauseseriousfloodsaswell.•（1）分析句子结构•（2）comeon•winterwascomingon冬季即将来临(季节的来临的通用表达式)，comeon的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这“”里表示季节的到来，来临：•Theplayiscomingonagainnextmonth.•Howarethingscomingon?=Howarethingsgoing?Whenthefirehadatlastbeenputout,theforestauthoritiesorderedseveraltonsofaspecialtypeofgrass-seedwhichwouldgrowquickly.•putout=•辨析：order,book,reserve•Heorderedhimselfadoublewhisky.•MaryhasbookedaflightfromNewYorktoShanghai.•Theyhavereservedroomsatahotel.•order:订购；点菜或者是饮料•book:预定，房间或是车票•reserve:预定，租定座位或房间Theseedwassprayedoverthegroundinhugequantitiesbyaeroplanes.Theplaneshadbeenplantingseedfornearlyamonthwhenitbegantorain.•quantity“”单数时仅表示数量•既可以用于表示多也可以用于表示少：•Theydrankalarge/great/smallquantityofbeerlastnight.•quantity“”复数时表示大量：•Heboughtbooksin(large)quantities.Bythen,however,inmanyplacesthegrasshadalreadytakenroot.•takeroot“”表示生根，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/“想法等扎”根：•Thistypeofgrasstakesrooteasily.•Theideahastakenrootinhismind.Inplaceofthegreattreeswhichhadbeengrowingthereforcenturiespatchesofgreenhadbeguntoappearintheblackenedsoil.•inplaceof替代，取代(只能指代位置、空间)•Inplaceofacup,Iputavasethere.•JaneansweredthephoneinplaceofMary.•inplace•Shelikestohaveeverythinginplace.KS:过去完成时和过去完成进行时•过去完成进行时是相对于过去某个时刻来说，已经对现在有直接影响并且还在进行的动作；•过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成对过去“的某一点造成的的影响或是结果，它表示动作发生的时间是过去”的过去，侧重于事情的结果。•Jillwasangry.Jimhadbeenphoninghereverynightforawholeweek.•Hereyeswerered.Itwasobviousshehadbeencrying.•Ihadfinishedreadingthebookbyteno’clocklastnight.•WhenIarrived,they’dalreadyputthefireout.SpecialDifficulties:ControlandCheck•controlvt.&n.控制，指挥，支配，管理•Don’ttrytocontrolotherpeople.•It’shardtokeepthenumberofpeoplecomingintothecountryundercontrol.•checkvt.&n.检查，核对，查看;被将军的局面•They’regoingtocheckourpassports.•There,you'reincheck.GreatandBig•greatadj.大的(强调重要性)，伟大的，重大的，重要的•Frankhasjustmadeagreatdecision.•bigadj.大的(强调面积、体积、规模上的大)•Samisabigman.•《了不起的盖茨比》SoilandGround•soiln.泥土(能让植物生长的)，土，土地，土壤•Treesandgrassgrowquicklyinrichsoil.•groundn.地表，地面(与土壤无关)，场地，土地•Hethrewthecuptotheground.