大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)

('第1页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)目录2017年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一(完整版)................................................................................................................1答案....................................................................................................................................................................................142017年6月大学英语四级真题试题二(完整版)..............................................................................................................15答案....................................................................................................................................................................................282017年6月大学英语四级真题试卷三(完整版)..............................................................................................................29答案....................................................................................................................................................................................372016年12月大学英语四级考试真题试卷一(完整版)....................................................................................................38答案....................................................................................................................................................................................512016年12月大学英语四级考试真题试卷二(完整版)....................................................................................................52答案....................................................................................................................................................................................652016年12月大学英语四级考试真题试卷三(完整版)....................................................................................................66答案....................................................................................................................................................................................742016年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷一(完整版)......................................................................................................75答案....................................................................................................................................................................................902016年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷二(完整版)......................................................................................................94答案..................................................................................................................................................................................1082016年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷三(完整版)....................................................................................................112答案..................................................................................................................................................................................1222017年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一(完整版)PartIWriting(30minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellsomeofthecoursebooksyouusedatcollege.Youradvertisementmayincludeabriefdescriptionoftheircontent,theircondition,theirpriceandyourcontactinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionA第2页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Themajorityofdriversprefertodriveandparkthemselves.B)Humandriversbecomeeasilydistractedortiredwhiledriving.C)Mostdriversfeeluncertainaboutthesafetyofself-drivingcars.D)Mostdrivershavetestdrivencarswithautomaticbrakingfeatures.2.A)Theirdriverswouldfeelsafeaftergettingusedtotheautomaticdevices.B)Theywouldbeunpopularwithdriverswhoonlytrusttheirownskills.C)Theirincreasedcomfortlevelshaveboostedtheirsales.D)Theyarenotactuallyassafeasautomakersadvertise.Questions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.3.A)TheftsofsnowmobiledogsinAlaska.B)Aseriesofinjuriestosnowmobiledrivers.C)AttacksonsomeIditarodRacecompetitors.D)AseriousaccidentintheAlaskasportsevent.4.A)Hestayedbehindtolookafterhisinjureddogs.B)HehaswontheAlaskaIditarodRacefourtimes.C)HereceivedaminorinjuryintheIditarodRace.D)HehasquitthecompetitioninAlaskaforgood.Questions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itsankintotheseaduetooverloading.B)ItranintoNicaragua’sBigCornIsland.C)Itdisappearedbetweentwolargeislands.第3页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D)Itturnedoverbecauseofstrongwinds.6.A)13.B)25.C)30.D)32.7.A)Hehashelpedwiththerescueeffort.B)Heisbeinginvestigatedbythepolice.C)Hewasdrownedwiththepassengers.D)Heisamongthosepeoplemissing.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Atashoppingcentre.B)Atacommunitycollege.C)Atanaccountancyfirm.D)AtanITcompany.9.A)Helpingoutwithdatainput.B)Arranginginterviews.C)Sortingapplicationforms.D)Makingphonecalls.10.A)Heenjoysusingcomputers.B)Heneedsthemoneybadly.C)Hewantstoworkinthecitycentre.D)Hehasrelevantworkingexperience.11.A)Purchasesomebusinesssuits.B)Learnsomecomputerlanguage.C)Improvehisprogrammingskills.第4页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D)Reviewsomeaccountancyterms.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Theyarekeenonhightechnology.B)Theyarepoorattechnologyskills.C)TheyoftenlistentoNationalPublicRadio.D)Theyfeelsuperiorinscienceandtechnology.13.A)Japanese.B)Germans.C)Poles.D)Americans.14.A)Emailing.B)Texting.C)Science.D)Literacy.15.A)Itisundergoingadrasticreform.B)Itlaysemphasisoncreativethinking.C)Ithasmuchroomforimprovement.D)Itprioritizestrainingofpracticalskills.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theyhavesmallroots.B)Theygrowwhiteflowers.C)Theytastelikeapples.D)TheycomefromCentralAfrica.17.A)Theyturnedfromwhitetopurpleincolor.B)Theybecamepopularontheworldmarket.第5页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C)Theybecameanimportantfoodforhumans.D)Theybegantolooklikemodern-daycarrots.18.A)Theywerefoundquitenutritious.B)Therewereseriousfoodshortages.C)Peoplediscoveredtheirmedicinalvalue.D)Farmmachineshelpedlowertheirprices.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Shecouldupdateherfamilyanytimesheliked.B)ShecouldcallupherfamilywhenevershelikedC)Shecouldlocateherfriendswherevertheywere.D)Shecoulddownloadasmanypicturesassheliked.20.A)Shelikedtoinformherfriendsabouthersuccess.B)Sheenjoyedreadingherfriends’statusupdates.C)Shefeltquitepopularamongthem.D)Shefeltshewasateenageragain.21.A)Shecouldbarelyrespondtoallher500Facebookfriends.B)Shespentmoretimeupdatingherfriendsthanherfamily.C)ShecouldbarelybalanceFacebookupdatesandherwork.D)Shedidn’tseemtobedoingaswellasherFacebookfriends.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Theyhavestrongmuscles.B)Theylivealongerlifethanhorses.C)Theyeatmuchlessinwinter.D)Theycanworklongerthandonkeys.第6页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)23.A)ItwasapetofaSpanishking.B)ItwasboughtbyGeorgeWashington.C)ItwasbroughtoverfromSpain.D)ItwasdonatedbyaU.S.Ambassador.24.A)Theymetandexchangedideasonanimalbreeding.B)Theyparticipatedinamule-drivingcompetition.C)Theyshowedandtradedanimalsinthemarket.D)Theyfedmuleswiththebestfoodtheycouldfind.25.A)Thewideruseofhorses.B)Thearrivaloftractors.C)Ashrinkinganimaltrade.D)Agrowingdonkeypopulation.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops(啤酒花)，forexample,whichgivemanyamodembeeritsbitterflavor,area(26)_______recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasfirst第7页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)mentionedinreferencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda(27)_______ingredientinresidue(残留物）from5,000-year-oldbeerbrewingequipment.WhilediggingtwopitsatasiteinthecentralplainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandvessels.Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers(28)_______theywereusedtobrew,filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancient“beer-makingtools,”andtheearliest(29_______evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,theresearchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.To(30)_______thattheory,theteamexaminedtheyellowish,dried(31)_______insidethevessels.Themajorityofthegrains,about80%,werefromcerealcropslikebarley(大麦),andabout10%werebitsofroots,(32)_______lily,whichwouldhavemadethebeersweeter,thescientistssay.Barleywasanunexpectedfind:thecropwasdomesticatedinWesternEurasiaanddidn\'tbecomea(33)_______foodincentralChinauntilabout2,000yearsago,accordingtotheresearchers.Basedonthattiming,theyindicatebarleymayhave(34)_______intheregionnotasfood,butas(35)_______materialforbeerbrewing.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)ArrivedB)consumingC)directD)exclusivelyE)includingF)informG)rawH)reachedI)relativelyJ)remainsK)resourcesL)stapleM)suggestN)surprisingO)testSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.FromAccountanttoYogi:MakingaRadicalCareerChange[A]Atsomepoint,almostallofuswillexperienceaperiodofradicalprofessionalchange.Someof第8页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)uswillseekitout;forothersitwillfeellikeanunwelcomeintrusionintootherwisestablecareers.Eitherway,wehavechoicesabouthowwerespondtoitwhenitcomes.[B]WerecentlycaughtupwithyogaentrepreneurLeahZaccaria,whoputherselfthroughthefireofchangetocompletelyreinventherself.Inhersearchtolivealifeofpurpose,Leahleftherhigh-payingaccountingjob,herhusband,andherhome,intheprocess,shebuiltaradicallynewlifeandcareer.Sincethen,shehasfoundedtwoyogastudios,metanewlifepartner,andformedanewcommunityofpeople.Evenifyourpersonalreinventionislessdrastic,wethinktherearelessonsfromherexperiencethatapply.[C]Wheredotheseedsofchangecomefrom?theNativeAmericanIndianshaveasaying:“Payattentiontothewhisperssoyouwon’thavetohearthescreams.”Oftenthebestideasforbigchangescomefromunexpectedplaces—it’sjustamatteroftuningin.Greatleadersrecognizetheweaksignalsorslightsignsthatpointtobigchangestocome.Leahreflectsonatimeshelistenedtothewhispers:“Aboutthetimemydaughterwasfiveyearsold.Istartedhavingasensethat‘thisisn’tright.”’Shethenrealizedthatherlifenolongermatchedhervisionforit.[D]Upuntilthatpoint,Leahhadfollowedtraditionalmeasuresofsuccess.Aftergraduatingwithadegreeinbusinessandaccounting,shejoinedapublicaccountingfirm,married,boughtahouse,putlotsofstuffinit,andhadababy.“Ididwhateverybodyelsethoughtlookedsuccessful,”shesays.Leaheasilycouldhavefallenintoatrapoffeelingcontent;instead,herenergysparkedaperiodofexperimentationandrenewal.[E]Feelingtheneedtochange,Leahstartedplayingwithfuturepossibilitiesbyexploringherinterestsanddevelopingnewcapabilities.Firsttryingphysicalexerciseanddieting,shelostsomeweightanddiscoveredaninnerstrength.“1feltpowerfulbecause1brokethroughmyownlimitations,”sherecalls.[F]However,itwasanotherinterestthatledLeahtoradicallyreinventherself.“Iremembersittingonabenchwithmyauntatayogastudio,’’shesaid,havingamomentofclarityrightthenandthere:Yogaissavingmylife.Yogaiswakingmeup.I’mnothappyandIwanttochangeandI’mdonewiththis.”InthatmomentofclarityLeahmadeanimportantleap,conqueringherinnerresistancetochangeandmakingafirmcommitmenttotakebiggersteps.[G]Creatingthefutureyouwantisaloteasierifyouarereadytoexploittheopportunitiesthatcomeyourway.WhenLeahmadethecommitmenttochange,sheprimedherselftonewopportunitiesshemayotherwisehaveoverlooked.Sherecalls:第9页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)[H]OnedayamanIworkedwith,Ryan,whohadhisofficenexttomine,said,“Leah,let’sgolookatthisspaceonQueenAnne.”Heknewmyloveforyogaandhadseenaspaceclosetowherehelivedthathethoughtmightbegoodtoserveasayogastudio.AssoonasIsawthelocation,Iknewthiswasit.OfcourseIwasscared,yetIhadthisstrongsenseof“Ihavetodothis.”OnlyafewmonthslaterLeahopenedherfirstyogastudio,butsuccesswasnotinstant.[I]Creatingthefuturetakestime.That’swhyleaderscontinuetomanagethepresentwhilebuildingtowardthebigchangesofthefuture.Whenit’stimetomaketheleap,theytakeactionandimmediatelydropwhat’snolongerservingtheirpurpose.InitiallyLeahstayedwithheraccountingjobwhilestartinguptheyogastudiotomakeitallwork.[J]Soonafter,sheknewshehadtomakeaboldmovetofullycommittohernewfuture.Withintwoyears,Leahshedthesafetyofheraccountingjobandmadetheswitchcomplete.Suchdrasticchangeisnoteasy.[K]Steeringthroughchangeandfacingobstaclesbringsusfacetofacewithourfears.Leahreflectsononeincidentthattriggeredherfears,whenherinvestorsthreatenedtoshutherdown:“IwasprobablyupagainstthemostfearI’veeverhad，”shesays.“Ihadspenttwoyearscultivatingthiscommunity,andithadbecomesuccessfulveryfast,butwithinsixmonthsIwasfacingtheprospectoflosingitall.”[L]Sheconnectedwithhersenseofpurposeanddugdeep,cultivatingatremendoussenseofstrength.“IwasfeelingsointentionalandstrongthatIwasn’tgoingtoletfearjusttakeover.Iwasthinking,‘OK,guys,ifyouwanttotrytoshutmedown,shutmedown.’AndIknewitwasanegotiationscheme,soIwasabletosaytomyself,‘Thisisnotreal.’”Bynamingherfearsandfacingthemhead-on,Leahgainedconfidence.Formostofus,lettinggoofthesafetyandsecurityofthepastgivesusgreatfear.Callingoutourfearsexplicitly,asLeahdid,canhelpusactdecisively.[M]Thecycleofrenewalneverends.Leah’sgrowthspurredhertoopenhersecondstudio—anditwasn’tforthemoney.[N]Ihavenodesiretomakemillionsofdollars.It’snotaboutthat;it’saboutgrowthforme.Honestly,Ididn’tneedtoopenasecondstudio.IwasmakingasmuchmoneyasIwasasanaccountant.ButIknowifyoudon’tgrow,youstandstill,andthatdoesn’tworkforme.[O]Considerthecurrentmomentinyourownlife,yourteamoryourorganization.Whereareyouinthecycleofrenewal:Areyouactivelypreservingthepresent,orselectivelyforgettingthepast,orboldlycreatingthefuture?WhatadvicewouldLeahgiveyoutomoveyouaheadonyourjourney?Oncewe’reonthepathofgrowth,wecancontinuallymovethroughtheseasonsoftransformationandrenewal.第10页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.Readinesstotakeadvantageofnewopportunitieswillmakeiteasiertocreateone’sdesiredfuture.37.Byconventionalstandards,Leahwasatypicalsuccessfulwomanbeforeshechangedhercareer.38.Leahgainedconfidencebylayingoutherfearsandconfrontingthemdirectly.39.Insearchofameaningfullife,Leahgaveupwhatshehadandsetupherownyogastudios.40Leah\'sinterestinyogapromptedhertomakeafirmdecisiontoreshapeherlife.41.Smallsignsmayindicategreatchangestocomeandthereforemeritattention.42.Leah’sfirstyogastudiowasbynomeansanimmediatesuccess.43.Somepeopleregardprofessionalchangeasanunpleasantexperiencethatdisturbstheirstablecareers.44.TheworstfearLeaheverhadwastheprospectoflosingheryogabusiness.45.Assheexplorednewinterestsanddevelopednewpotentials，Leahfeltpowerfulinternally.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheShoppersintheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpapertosavemoney,researchhasshown.Penny-pinchingUKconsumerschoosecheaperproductsfromdiscounterssuchasAldiandLidlratherthanluxuryalternatives.Thishaswiped6%offthevalueofthesofttissuepapermarketintheUK.Ithasshrunkfrom£1.19billionin2011to£1.12billionin2015,accordingtoanewreportfrommarketresearchcompanyMintel.Furthermore,thefutureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalesexpectedtofallfurtherto£1.11billionin2016.Inthelastyearalone,despiteanincreaseintheUKpopulationandasubsequentriseinthenumberofhouseholds,salesoftoiletpaperfellby2%,withtheaveragehouseholdreducingtheirtoiletrollspendingfrom£43in2014to£41in2015.Overall,almostthreeinfivepeoplesaytheytrytolimittheirusageofpaper—includingfacialtissue第11页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)andkitchenroll―tosavemoney.“Strength，softnessandthicknessremaintheleadingindicatorsoftoiletpaperquality,withjustasmallproportionofconsumerspreferringmoreluxuriousalternatives,suchasthosewithflowerpatternsofperfume,saidMintelanalystJackDuckett.\'\'Theseextrafeaturesaredeemedunnecessarybythemajorityofshoppers,whichprobablyreflectshowthesetypesofproductsaretypicallymoreexpensivethanregulartoiletpaper,evenwhenonspecialoffer.”Whileconsumersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremainfussy―intheoryatleast—whenitcomestopaperquality.TopofBritons’toiletpaperwishlistissoftness(57%)followedbystrength(45%)andthickness(36%).Onein10buyersrandtoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtopconsiderations,highlightinghowoveralltheenvironmentismuchlessofaconsiderationforshoppersthanproductquality.Inachallengeformanufacturers,81%ofpaperproductuserssaidtheywouldconsiderbuyingrecycledtoilettissueifitwerecomparableinqualitytostandardpaper.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Themarketsalesoftoiletpaperhavedecreasedbecause_______.A)BritonshavecuttheirspendingonitB)itspriceshavegoneupovertheyearsC)itsqualityhasseenmarkedimprovementD)Britonshavedevelopedthehabitofsaving47.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofthetissuepapermarketintheUK?A)Itwillexpendintime.B)Itwillremaingloomy.C)Itwillexperienceupsanddowns.D)Itwillrecoveraspopulationgrows.48.WhatdoesJackDuckettsayabouttoiletpaper?A)Specialofferswouldpromoteitssales.B)Consumersareloyaltocertainbrands.C)Luxuriousfeaturesaddmuchtotheprice.D)Consumershaveavarietytochoosefrom.49.WhatdowelearnaboutBritonsconcerningtoiletpaper?A)Theyareparticularaboutthequalityoftoiletpaper.第12页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)B)Theyemphasizethestrengthoftoiletpaperthemost.C)Theyprefercheaptoiletpapertorecycledtoiletpaper.D)Theyrejectusingtoiletpaperwithunnecessaryfeatures.50.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A)MoreandmoreBritonsbuyrecycledtoilerpapertoprotecttheenvironment.B)Toiletpapermanufacturersarefacingagreatchallengeinpromotingitssales.C)Toiletpapermanufacturerscompetewithoneanothertoimproveproductquality.D)EnvironmentalprotectionisnotmuchofaconcernwhenBritonsbuytoiletpaper.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.“OneofthereasonsIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger，”saysLindson-Hawley,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.Bystudyingabout700adultsmokers,shefoundoutthathermomquittherightway—bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.Inherstudy,participantswererandomly(随机地）assignedtotwogroups.Onehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapackadaytozero.Theothercutdowngraduallyoverthecourseoftwoweeks.Peopleinbothgroupsusednicotine(尼古丁）patchesbeforetheyquit,inadditiontoasecondformofnicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.Theyalsohadtalktherapywithanursebeforeandafterquitday.Sixmonthsout,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit—morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-seventhintheothergroup.Althoughthesenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey’drathercutdowngraduallybeforequitting.“Ifyou’retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn’texpecttoturnupandjustbeabletorunit.AndIthinkpeopleseethatforsmokingaswell.Theythink,‘Well，ifIgraduallyreduce,it’slikepractice，’”saysLindson-Hawley.Butthatwasn’tthecase.Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethemcravings(瘾）andwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquitday,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint.“Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou’rereadytoquit,quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”saysDr.GabrielaFerreira.“Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifth第13页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)ofthepatientswereabletoquit,that’scompelling.Itgivesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit，’’Ferreirasays.Peoplerarelymanagetoquitthefirsttimetheytry.Butatleast,shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51.WhatdoesLindson-Hawleysayabouthermother?A)Shequitsmokingwithherdaughter’shelp.B)Shesucceededinquittingsmokingabruptly.C)Shewasalsoaresearcheroftobaccoandhealth.D)Shestudiedthesmokingpatternsofadultsmokers.52.WhatkindofsupportdidsmokersreceivetoquitsmokinginLindson-Hawley’sstudy?A)Theyweregivenphysicaltraining.B)Theywerelookedafterbyphysicians.C)Theywereencouragedbypsychologists.D)Theywereofferednicotinereplacements.53.HowdoesDr.GabrielaFerreiraviewtheresultofLindson-Hawley’sexperiment?A)Itisidealized.B)Itisunexpected.C)Itisencouraging.D)Itismisleading.54.Theideaof“amarathon”（Line2,Para.5)illustratesthepopularbeliefthatquittingsmoking_______A)issomethingfewcanaccomplishB)needssomepracticefirstC)requiresalotofpatienceD)isachallengeatthebeginning55.Whathappenswhenpeopletrytoquitsmokinggradually?第14页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)A)Theyfinditevenmoredifficult.B)Theyaresimplyunabletomakeit.C)Theyshowfewerwithdrawalsymptoms.D)Theyfeelmuchlesspainintheprocess.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.在珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。珠江三角洲(delta)是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11，000平方公里。它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5700多万人口。上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。答案第15页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)2017年6月大学英语四级真题试题二(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellabicycleyouusedatcollege.Youradvertisementmayincludeitsbrand,features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12345678910111213141516171819202122232425CACBDDBCABDBADCADBABDACCB26272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950INMCOJELAGGDLBFCHAKEABCAD5152535455BDCBA第16页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)1.A)Themaninthecarwasabsent-minded.B)Thetestdrivermadeawrongjudgement.C)Theself-drivingsystemwasfaulty.D)Thecarwasmovingatafastspeed.2.A)Theyhavedonebetterthanconventionalcars.B)Theyhavecausedseveralseverecrashes.C)Theyhaveposedathreattootherdrivers.D)Theyhavegenerallydonequitewell.Questions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.3.A)Heworksatanationalpark.B)Heisaqueenbeenspecialist.C)Heremovedthebeyondfromtheboot.D)Hedrovethebeesawayfromhiscar.4.A)TheywerelookingafterthequeenB)TheyweremakingalotofnoiseC)TheywerelookingforanewboxtoliveinD)TheyweredancinginauniquewayQuestions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)ThediscoveryofanewspeciesofsnakeB)ThesecondtriptoasmallremoteislandC)Thefindingof2newspeciesoffrogD)Thelatesttestonrareanimalspecies6.A)ApoisonoussnakeattackedhimonhisfieldtripB)HediscoveredararefogonadesertedC)AsnakecrawledontohisheadinhissleepD)Hefellfromatallpalmtreebyaccident第17页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)7.A)FromitsgenesB)FromitslengthC)FromitsoriginD)FromitscolourSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)ThesecuritychecktakestimeB)HehastocheckalotofluggageC)Hisflightisleavinginlessthan2hoursD)Theairportisalongwayfromthehotel9.A)IncashB)BycreditcardC)Withatraveler’scheckD)Withhissmartphone10.A)GivehimareceiptB)ConfirmhisflightC)LookafterhisluggageD)Findaporterforhim11.A)SigningupformembershipofSHotelB)StayinginthesamehotelnexttimehecomesC)LoadingherluggageontotheairportshuttleD)Postingacommentonthehotel’swebpage第18页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)HeistheonlyboyinhisfamilyB)HebecomestearfulinwindC)HehasstoppedmakingterriblefacesD)Heishisteacher\'sfavoritestudent13.A)TellhimtoplayinherbackyardB)DosomethingfunnytoamusehimC)GivehimsomecherrystonestoplaywithD)Warnhimofdangerbymakingupastory14.A)Theycouldbreakpeople\'slegsB)TheycouldsometimesterrifyadultsC)TheycouldflyagainstastrongwindD)Theycouldknockpeopleunconscious15.A)OnewouldgetaspotontheirtonguesiftheytoldaliedeliberatelyB)OnewouldhavetoshavetheirheadtoremoveabatintheirhairC)OnewouldgotoprisoniftheyputastamponupsidedownD)OnewouldhavecurlyhairiftheyatetoomuchstalebreadSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Everythingseemedtobechanging.B)Peoplewereformalanddisciplined.第19页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C)Peoplewereexcitedtogotravellingoverseas.D)ThingsfromtheVictorianeracamebackalive.17.A)WatchingTVathome.B)Meetingpeople.C)Drinkingcoffee.D)Tryingnewfoods.18.A)Hewasinterestedinstylishdresses.B)Hewasabletotakealotofmoney.C)Hewasastudentinthe1960s.D)Hewasamanfullofimagination.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Theyavoidlookingatthem.B)Theyrunawayimmediately.C)Theyshowangerontheirfaces.D)Theymakethreateningsounds.20.A)Itturnstoitsownerforhelp.B)Itturnsawaytoavoidconflict.C)Itlooksawayandgetsangry,too.D)Itfocusesitseyesontheirmouths.21.A)Byobservingtheirfacialfeaturescarefully.B)Byfocusingonaparticularbodymovement.C)Bytakingintheirfacialexpressionsasawhole.D)Byinterpretingdifferentemotionsindifferentways.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Theyhavetolookforfoodandshelterunderground.B)Theytakelittlenoticeofthechangesintemperature.第20页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C)Theyresorttodifferentmeanstosurvivethebittercold.D)Theyhavedifficultyadaptingtothechangedenvironment.23.A)Theyhavetheirweightreducedtominimum.B)Theyconsumetheenergystoredbeforethelongsleep.C)Theycanmaintaintheirheartbeatatthenormalrate.D)Theycankeeptheirbodytemperaturewarmandstable.24.A)Bystayinginhidingplacesandeatingverylittle.B)Byseekingfoodandshelterinpeople’shouses.C)Bygrowingthickerhairtostaywarm.D)Bystoringenoughfoodbeforehand.25.A)Tostaysafe.B)Tosaveenergy.C)Tokeepcompany.D)Toprotecttheyoung.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Asifyouneededanotherreasontohatethegym,itnowturnsoutthatexercisecanexhaustnotonlyyourmuscles,butalsoyoureyes.Fearnot,however,forcoffeecanstimulatethemagain.During(26)_______exercise,ourmusclestireastheyrunoutoffuelandbuildupwasteproducts.Muscleperformancecanalsobeaffectedbya(27)_______called"centralfatigue,”inwhichanimbalanceinthe第21页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)body’schemicalmessengerspreventsthecentralnervoussystemfromdirectingmusclemovements（28)_______.Itwasnotknown,however,whethercentralfatiguemightalsoaffectmotorsystemsnotdirectly(29)_______intheexerciseitself,suchasthosethatmovetheeyes.Tofindout,researchersgave11volunteercyclistsacarbohydrate(碳水化合物的）(30)_______eitherwithamoderatedoseofcaffeine(咖啡因)，whichisknowntostimulatethecentralnervoussystem,orasaplacebo(安慰剂）without,during3hoursof(31)_______.Afterexercising,thescientiststestedthecyclistswitheye-trackingcamerastoseehowwelltheirbrainscouldstill(32)_______theirvisualsystem.Theteamfoundthatexercisereducedthespeedofrapideyemovementsbyabout8%,(33)_______theirabilitytocapturenewvisualinformation.Thecaffeine,theequivalentoftwostrongcupsofcoffee,was(34)_______toreversethiseffect,withsomecyclistsevendisplaying(35)_______eyemovementspeeds.Soitmightbeagoodideatogetsomeoneelsetodriveyouhomeafterthatmarathon.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)cautiouslyB)commitC)controlD)cyclingE)effectivelyF)increasedG)involvedH)limitedI)phenomenonJ)preventingK)sensitiveL)slowingM)solutionN)sufficientO)vigorousSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheBlessingandCurseofthePeopleWhoNeverForgetAhandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesinenormousdetail—andafteryearsofresearch,neuroscientists(神经科学专家)arefinallybeginningtounderstandhowtheydoit.[A]Formostofus,memoryisamessofblurredandfadedpicturesofourlives.Asmuchaswewouldliketoclingontoourpast,eventhesaddestmomentscanbewashedawaywithtime.第22页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)[B]AskNimaVeisehwhathewasdoingforanydayinthepast15years,however,andhewillgiveyouthedetailsoftheweather,whathewaswearing,orevenwhatsideofthetrainhewassittingonhisjourneytowork.“Mymemoryislikealibraryofvideotapes,walk-throughsofeverydayofmylifefromwakingtosleeping,”heexplains.[C]Veisehcanevenputadateonwhenthosetapesstartedrecording:15December2000,whenhemethisfirstgirlfriendathisbestfriend\'s16thbirthdayparty.Hehadalwayshadagoodmemory,butthethrillofyoungloveseemstohaveshiftedagearinhismind:fromnowon,hewouldstartrecordinghiswholelifeindetail.“Icouldtellyoueverythingabouteverydayafterthat.”[D]Needlesstosay,peoplelikeVeisehareofgreatinteresttoneuroscientistshopingtounderstandthewaythebrainrecordsourlives.Acoupleofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowonthesepeople’sextraordinaryminds.Andsuchresearchmightevensuggestwaysforusalltoreliveourpastwithgreaterclarity.[E]“Highlysuperiorautobiographicalmemory”（orHSAMforshort)firstcametolightintheearly2000s,withayoungwomannamedJillPrice.EmailingtheneuroscientistandmemoryresearcherJimMcGaughoneday,sheclaimedthatshecouldrecalleverydayofherlifesincetheageof12.Couldhehelpexplainherexperiences?[F]McGaughinvitedhertohislab,andbegantotesther:hewouldgiveheradateandaskhertotellhimabouttheworldeventsonthatday.Truetoherword,shewascorrectalmosteverytime.[G]Itdidn’ttakelongformagazinesanddocumentaryfilm-makerstocometounderstandher“totalrecall”，andthanktothesubsequentmediainterest,afewdozenothersubjects(includingVeiseh)havesincecomeforwardandcontactedtheteamattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.[H]Interestingly,theirmemoriesarehighlyself-centred:althoughtheycanremember“autobiographical”lifeeventsinextraordinarydetail,theyseemtobenobetterthanaverageatrecallingimpersonalinformation,suchasrandom(任意选取的）listsofwords.Noraretheynecessarilybetteratrememberingaroundofdrinks,say.Andalthoughtheirmemoriesarevast,theyarestilllikelytosufferfrom“falsememories”.Clearly,thereisnosuchthingasa“perfect”memory—theirextraordinarymindsarestillusingthesameflawedtoolsthattherestofusrelyon.Thequestionis,how?[I]LawrencePatihisattheUniversityofSouthernMississippirecentlystudiedaround20peoplewithHSAMandfoundthattheyscoredparticularlyhighontwomeasures:fantasyproneness(倾向)andabsorption.Fantasypronenesscouldbeconsideredatendencytoimagineanddaydream,whereasabsorptionisthetendencytoallowyourmindtobecomefullyabsorbedinanactivitytopaycomplete第23页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)attentiontothesensations(感受)andtheexperiences.“I’mextremelysensitivetosounds,smellsandvisualdetail,”explainsNicoleDonohue,whohastakenpartinmanyofthesestudies.“Idefinitelyfeelthingsmorestronglythantheaverageperson.”[J]Theabsorptionhelpsthemtoestablishstrongfoundationsforrecollection,saysPatihis,andthefantasypronenessmeansthattheyrevisitthosememoriesagainandagaininthecomingweeksandmonths.Eachtimethisinitialmemorytraceis“replayed”,itbecomesevenstronger.Insomeways,youprobablygothroughthatprocessafterabigeventlikeyourweddingday,butthedifferenceisthatthankstotheirotherpsychologicaltendencies,theHSAMsubjectsaredoingitdayin,dayout,forthewholeoftheirlives.[K]NoteveryonewithatendencytofantasisewilldevelopHSAM,though,soPatihissuggeststhatsomethingmusthavecausedthemtothinksomuchabouttheirpast.“Maybesomeexperienceintheirchildhoodmeantthattheybecameobsessed(着迷）withcalendarsandwhathappenedtothem,”saysPatihis.[L]ThepeoplewithHSAMI’veinterviewedwouldcertainlyagreethatitcanbeamixedblessing.Ontheplusside,itallowsyoutorelivethemosttransformativeandenrichingexperiences.Veiseh,forinstance,travelledalotinhisyouth.Inhissparetime,hevisitedthelocalartgalleries,andthepaintingsarenowlodgeddeepinhisautobiographicalmemories.[M]“Imaginebeingabletoremembereverypainting,oneverywall,ineverygalleryspace,betweennearly40countries，”hesays.“That’sabigeducationinartbyitself.”Withthiscomprehensiveknowledgeofthehistoryofart,hehassincebecomeaprofessionalpainter.[N]Donohue,nowahistoryteacher,agreesthatithelpedduringcertainpartsofhereducation.“IcandefinitelyrememberwhatIlearnedoncertaindaysatschool.Icouldimaginewhattheteacherwassayingorwhatitlookedlikeinthebook.”[O]NoteveryonewithHSAMhasexperiencedthesebenefits,however.Viewingthepastinhighdefinitioncanmakeitverydifficulttogetoverpainandregret.“Itcanbeveryhardtoforgetembarrassingmoments,”saysDonohue.“Youfeelthesameemotions—itisjustasraw,justasfresh...Youcan’tturnoffthatstreamofmemories,nomatterhowhardyoutry.”Veisehagrees.“Itislikehavingtheseopenwounds—theyarejustapartofyou,”hesays.[P]Thismeanstheyoftenhavetomakeaspecialefforttolaythepasttorest.Bill,forinstance,oftengetspainful“flashbacks”，inwhichunwantedmemoriesintrudeintohisconsciousness,butoverallhehaschosentoseeitasthebestwayofavoidingrepeatingthesamemistakes.“Somepeopleareabsorbed第24页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)inthepastbutnotopentonewmemories,butthat’snotthecaseforme.Ilookforwardtoeachdayandexperiencingsomethingnew.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.PeoplewithHSAMhavethesamememoryasordinarypeoplewhenitcomestoimpersonalinformation.37.FantasypronenesswillnotnecessarilycausepeopletodevelopHSAM.38.Veisehbegantorememberthedetailsofhiseverydayexperiencesafterhemethisfirstyounglove.39.ManymorepeoplewithHSAMstartedtocontactresearchersduetothemassmedia.40.PeoplewithHSAMoftenhavetomakeeffortstoavoidfocusingonthepast.41.Mostpeopledonothaveclearmemoriesofpastevents.42.HSAMcanbebothacurseandablessing.43.Ayoungwomansoughtexplanationfromabrainscientistwhenshenoticedherunusualmemory.44.SomepeoplewithHSAMfinditveryhardtogetridofunpleasantmemories.45.ArecentstudyofpeoplewithHSAMrevealsthattheyareliabletofantasyandfullabsorptioninanactivity.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheUrbanization—migrationawayfromthesuburbstothecitycenter—willbethebiggestrealestatetrendin2015,accordingtoanewreport.ThereportsaysAmerica’surbanizationwillcontinuetobethemostsignificantissueaffectingtheindustry,ascitiesacrossthecountryimitatethewalkabilityandtransit-orienteddevelopmentmakingcitieslikeNewYorkandSanFranciscososuccessful.Assmallercitiescopythemodelofthese“24-hourcities，’’moreaffordableversionsoftheseplaceswillbecreated.Thereportreferstothisasthecomingofthe“18-hourcity，”，andusesthetermtorefertocitieslikeHouston,Austin,Charlotte,andNashville,whichare“positioningthemselvesas第25页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)highlycompetitive,intermsoflivability,employmentofferings,andrecreationalandculturalfacilities.”Anothertrendthatlookssignificantin2015isthatAmerica’slargestpopulationgroup,Millennials(千禧一代)，willcontinuetoputoffbuyingahouse.ApartmentswillretaintheirappealforawhileforMillennials,hauntedbywhathappenedtohome-owningparents.Thistrendwillcontinueintothe2020s,thereportprojects.Afterthat,surveyrespondentsdisagreeoverwhetherthisgenerationwillfollowintheirparents’footsteps,movingtothesuburbstoraisefamilies,orwillchoosetoremaininthecitycenter.AnotherissueaffectingrealestateinthecomingyearwillbeAmerica’sfailinginfrastructure.Mostroads,bridges,transit,watersystems,theelectricgrid,andcommunicationsnetworkswereinstalled50to100yearsago,andtheyarelargelytakenforgranteduntiltheyfail.Thereport’swritersstatethatAmerica’sfailuretoinvestininfrastructureimpactsnotonlythehealthofthereal-estatemarket,butalsoourabilitytoremaingloballycompetitive.Apartfromthespecifictrendshighlightedabove,whichcausesomeinvestorstoworry,thereportportraysanoveralloptimismbornebytherecenthealthyreal-estate“upcycle”andimprovingeconomy.Seventy-fourpercentoftherespondentssurveyedreporta“goodtoexcellent”expectationofreal-estateprofitabilityin2015.Whileexcessiveoptimismcanpromotebadinvestmentpatterns,resultinginareal-estate“bubble,”thereport’swritersdownplaythatpotentialoutcomeinthatithasnotyetoccurred.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Accordingtothenewreport,realestatedevelopmentin2015willwitness_______.A)anacceleratingspeedB)ashifttocitycentersC)anewfocusonsmallcitiesD)anever-increasingdemand47.Whatcharacterizes“24-hourcities”likeNewYork?A)Peoplecanlivewithoutprivatecars.B)Peoplearegenerallymorecompetitive.C)Peoplecanenjoyservicesaroundtheclock.D)Peopleareinharmonywiththeenvironment.48.WhyareMillennialsreluctanttobuyahouse?第26页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)A)Theycanonlyaffordsmallapartments.B)Thehousepricesarecurrentlytoohigh.C)Theirparents\'badexperiencestillhauntsthem.D)Theyfeelattachedtothesuburbanenvironment.49.WhatmighthinderrealestatedevelopmentintheU.S.?A)Thecontinuingeconomicrecessioninthecountry.B)Thelackofconfidenceonthepartofinvestors.C)Thefierceglobalcompetition.D)Theworseninginfrastructure.50.HowdomostoftherespondentsinthesurveyfeelabouttheU.S.real-estatemarketin2015?A)Pessimistic.B)Hopeful.C)Cautious.D)Uncertain.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thebrainisaseeminglyendlesslibrary,whoseshelveshouseourmostpreciousmemoriesaswellasourlifetime’sknowledge.Butisthereapointwhereitreachescapacity?Theanswerisno,becausebrainsaremoresophisticatedthanthat.Insteadofjustcrowdingin,oldinformationissometimespushedoutofthebrainfornewmemoriestoform.Previousbehaviouralstudieshaveshownthatlearningnewinformationcanleadtoforgetting.Butinanewstudy,researchersdemonstratedforthefirsttimehowthiseffectoccursinthebrain.Indailylife,forgettingactuallyhasclearadvantages.Imagine,forinstance,thatyoulostyourbankcard.Thenewcardyoureceivewillcomewithanewpersonalidentificatipnnumber(PIN).EachtimeyourememberthenewPIN,yougraduallyforgettheoldone.Thisprocessimprovesaccesstorelevantinformation,withoutoldmemoriesinterfering.Andmostofusmaysometimesfeelthefrustrationofhavingoldmemoriesinterferewithnew,relevantmemories.Considertryingtorememberwhereyouparkedyourcarinthesamecarparkyouwereataweekearlier.Thistypeofmemory(whereyouaretryingtoremembernew,butsimilarinformation)isparticularlyvulnerabletointerference.第27页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Whenweacquirenewinformation,thebrainautomaticallytriestoincorporate(合并)itwithinexistinginformationbyformingassociations.Andwhenweretrieve(检索)information,boththedesiredandassociatedbutirrelevantinformationisrecalled.,Themajorityofpreviousresearchhasfocusedonhowwelearnandremembernewinformation.Butcurrentstudiesarebeginningtoplacegreateremphasisontheconditionsunderwhichweforget,asitsimportancebeginstobemoreappreciated.Averysmallnumberofpeopleareabletorememberalmosteverydetailoftheirlife.Whileitmaysoundlikeanadvantagetomany,peoplewiththisrareconditionoftenfindtheirunusualabilityburdensome.Inasense,forgettingisourbrain’swayofsortingmemories,sothemostrelevantmemoriesarereadyforretrieval.Normalforgettingmayevenbeasafetymechanismtoensureourbraindoesn’tbecometoofull.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51.Whathavepastbehaviouralstudiesfoundaboutourbrain?A)Itscapacityactuallyknowsnolimits.B)Itgrowssophisticatedwithpractice.C)Itkeepsourmostpreciousmemoriesuntillife’send.D)Newinformationlearnedpushesoldinformationout.52.Whatisthebenefitofforgetting?A)Itfreesusfrompainfulmemories.B)Ithelpsslowdownouragingprocess.C)Itfacilitatesouraccesstorelevantinformation.D)Itpreventsoldinformationfromformingassociations.53.Whatistheemphasisofcurrentstudiesofmemory?A)Whenpeopletendtoforget.B)Whatcontributestoforgetting.C)Hownewtechnologyhindersmemorycapacity.D)Whylearningandforgettingarecomplementary.第28页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)54.Whatdopeoplefindabouttheirrareabilitytoremembereverydetailoftheirlife?A)Itaddstotheburdenoftheirmemory.B)Itmakestheirlifemorecomplicated.C)Itcontributestotheirsuccessinlife.D)Itconstitutesarareobjectofenvy.55.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutforgetting?A)Itcanenlargeourbraincapacity.B)Ithelpsgetridofnegativememories.C)Itisawayoforganisingourmemories.D)Itshouldnotcauseanyalarminanyway.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。“黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色。黄河发源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海。黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一。黄河流域(riverbasin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。第29页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)答案12345678910111213141516171819202122232425BDABACDCBADCDABABCADCCBDA26272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950OIEGMDCJNFHKCGPALEOIBCCDB5152535455DCBAC2017年6月大学英语四级真题试卷三(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellacomputeryouusedatcollege.Youradvertisementmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)第30页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)说明：2017年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.America’sInternetisfasterthaneverbefore,butpeoplestillcomplainabouttheirInternetbeingtooslow.NewYork’sAttorneyGeneral’soffice(26)_______aninvestigationinthefallintowhetherornotVerizon,CablevisionandTimeWarneraredeliveringbroadbandthat’sasfastastheproviders(27)_______itis.Earlierthismonth,theofficeaskedforthepublic’shelptomeasuretheirspeedresults,sayingconsumers(28)_______togetthespeedstheywerepromised.“Toomanyofusmaybepayingforonething,andgettinganother，”theAttorneyGeneralsaid.Iftheinvestigationuncoversanything,itwouldn’tbethefirsttimeatelecomprovidergotinto(29)_______overthebroadbandspeedsitpromisedanddeliveredcustomers.BackinJune,theFederalCommunicationsCommissionfinedAT&T$100millionover(30)_______thatthecarriersecretlyreducedwirelessspeedsaftercustomersconsumedacertainamountof(31)_______.Evenwhentheystayontherightsideofthelaw,Internetprovidersarousecustomers’angeroverbandwidthspeedandcost.Justthisweek,aninvestigationfoundthatmediaandtelecomgiantComcastis第31页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)themost(32)_______provider.Over10months,Comcastreceivednearly12,000customercomplaints,many(33)_______toitsmonthlydatacapandoverage(超过额度的）charges.SomeAmericansaregettingso(34)_______withInternetprovidersthey’rejustgivingup.ArecentstudyfoundthatthenumberofAmericanswithhigh-speedInternetathometoday(35)_______fellduringthelasttwoyears,and15%ofpeoplenowconsiderthemselvestobe“cord-cutters.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)accusationsB)actuallyC)claimD)communicatingE)complainF)dataG)deservedH)frustratedI)hatedJ)launchedK)relatingL)timesM)troubleN)usuallyO)worriedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Teamspirit[A]Teamshavebecomethebasicbuildingblocksoforganizations.Recruitmentadvertisementsroutinelycallfor“teamplayers”.Businessschoolsgradetheirstudentsinpartontheirperformanceingroupprojects.Officemanagersknockdownwallstoencourageteambuilding.Teamsareasoldascivilization,ofcourse:evenJesushad12co-workers.ButanewreportbyDeloitte,“GlobalHumanCapitalTrends”,basedonasurveyofmorethan7,000executivesinover130countries,suggeststhatthefashionforteamworkhasreachedanewhigh.Almosthalfofthosesurveyedsaidtheircompanieswereeitherinthemiddleofrestructuringorabouttoembarkon(开始）it;andforthemostpart,restructuringmeantputtingmoreemphasisonteams.[B]Companiesareabandoningconventionalfunctionaldepartmentsandorganisingemployeesintocross-disciplinaryteamsthatfocusonparticularproducts,problemsorcustomers.Theseteamsare第32页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)gainingmorepowertoruntheirownaffairs.Theyarealsospendingmoretimeworkingwitheachotherratherthanreportingupwards.Deloittearguesthataneworganisationalformisontherise:anetworkofteamsisreplacingtheconventionalhierarchy(等级体制).[C]Thefashionforteamsisdrivenbyasensethattheoldwayoforganisingpeopleistoorigidforboththemodemmarketplaceandtheexpectationsofemployees.Technologicalinnovationplacesgreatervalueonagility(灵活性).JohnChambers,chairmanofCiscoSystemsInc.,aworldwideleaderinelectronicsproducts,saysthat“wecompeteagainstmarkettransitions(过渡)，notcompetitors.Producttransitionsusedtotakefiveorsevenyears;nowtheytakeoneortwo.”Digitaltechnologyalsomakesiteasierforpeopletoco-ordinatetheiractivitieswithoutresortingtohierarchy.The“millennials”(千禧一代)whowillsoonmakeuphalftheworkforceinrichcountrieswereraisedfromnurseryschoolonwardstoworkingroups.[D]Thefashionforteamsisalsospreadingfromtheusualcorporatesuspects(suchasGEandIBM)tosomemoreunusualones.TheClevelandClinic,ahospitaloperator,hasreorganiseditsmedicalstaffintoteamstofocusonparticulartreatmentareas;consultants,nursesandotherscollaboratecloselyinsteadofbeingseparatedbyspeciality(专业)andrank.TheUSArmyhasgonethesameway.Inhisbook,“TeamofTeams\'GeneralStanleyMcChrystaldescribeshowthearmy’shierarchicalstructurehindereditsoperationsduringtheearlystagesoftheIraqwar.Hissolutionwastolearnsomethingfromtheinsurgentsitwasfighting:decentraliseauthoritytoself-organisingteams.[E]Agoodruleofthumbisthatassoonasgeneralsandhospitaladministratorsjumponamanagementbandwagon,itistimetoaskquestions.LeighThompsonofKelloggSchoolofManagementinIllinoiswarnsthat,‘Teamsarenotalwaystheanswer—teamsmayprovideinsight,creativityandknowledgeinawaythatapersonworkingindependentlycannot;butteamworkmayalsoleadtoconfusion,delayandpoordecision-making.”ThelateRichardHackmanofHarvardUniversityonceargued,“Ihavenoquestionthatwhenyouhaveateam,thepossibilityexiststhatitwillgeneratemagic,producingsomethingextraordinary...Butdon’tcountonit.”[F]Hackman(whodiedin2013)notedthatteamsarehamperedbyproblemsofco-ordinationandmotivationthatchipawayatthebenefitsofcollaboration.High-flyersforcedtoworkinteamsmaybeundervaluedandfree-ridersempowered.Groupthinkmaybeunavoidable.Inastudyof120teamsofseniorexecutives,hediscoveredthatlessthan10%oftheirsupposedmembersagreedonwhoexactlywasontheteam.Ifitishardenoughtodefineateam’smembership,agreeingonitspurposeisharderstill.第33页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)[G]Profoundchangesintheworkforcearemakingteamstrickiertomanage.Teamsworkbestiftheirmembershaveastrongcommonculture.Thisishardtoachievewhen,asisnowthecaseinmanybigfirms,alargeproportionofstaffaretemporarycontractors.Teamworkimproveswithtime:America’sNationalTransportationSafetyBoardfoundthat73%oftheincidentsinitscivil-aviationdatabaseoccurredonacrew’sfirstdayofflyingtogether.However,asAmyEdmondsonofHarvardpointsout,organisationsincreasinglyuse“team”asaverbratherthananoun:theyformteamsforspecificpurposesandthenquicklydisbandthem.[H]Theleastthatcanbeconcludedfromthisresearchisthatcompaniesneedtothinkharderaboutmanagingteams.Theyneedtoridtheirmindsofsentimentalism(感情用事)：themostsuccessfulteamshaveleaderswhoareabletosetanoveralldirectionandtakeimmediateaction.Theyneedtokeepteamssmallandfocused:givingintopressuretobemore“inclusive”isaguaranteeofdysfunction.JeffBezos,Amazon’sboss,saysthat“IfIseemorethantwopizzasforlunch,theteamistoobig.”Theyneedtoimmunizeteamsagainstgroup-think:Hackmanarguedthatthebestonescontain“deviants”(离经叛道者）whoarewillingtodosomethingthatmaybeupsettingtoothers.[I]Anewstudyof12,000workersin17countriesbySteelcase,afurniture-makerwhichalsodoesconsulting,findsthatthebestwaytoensureemployeesare“engaged”istogivethemmorecontroloverwhereandhowtheydotheirwork―whichmaymeanliberatingthemfromhavingtodoeverythingincollaborationwithothers.[J]However,organisationsneedtolearnsomethingbiggerthanhowtomanageteamsbetter:theyneedtobeinthehabitofaskingthemselveswhetherteamsarethebesttoolsforthejob.Teambuildingskillsareinshortsupply:Deloittereportsthatonly12%oftheexecutivestheycontactedfeeltheyunderstandthewaypeopleworktogetherinnetworksandonly21%feelconfidentintheirabilitytobuildcross-functionalteams.Looselymanagedteamscanbecomehotbedsofdistraction―employeesroutinelycomplainthattheycan’tgettheirworkdonebecausetheyareforcedtospendtoomuchtimeinmeetingsorcompelledtoworkinnoisyoffices.Evenintheageofopen-planofficesandsocialnetworkssomeworkisbestlefttotheindividual.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.Successfulteamleadersknowexactlywheretheteamshouldgoandareabletotakepromptaction.37.Decentralisationofauthoritywasalsofoundtobemoreeffectiveinmilitaryoperations.38.Inmanycompanies,theconventionalformoforganisationisgivingwaytoanetworkofteams.第34页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)39.Membersofpoorlymanagedteamsareeasilydistractedfromtheirwork.40.Teamworkismosteffectivewhenteammemberssharethesameculture.41.AccordingtoareportbyDeloitte,teamworkisbecomingincreasinglypopularamongcompanies.42.Someteammembersfindithardtoagreeonquestionslikemembershipandtheteam’spurpose.43.Somescholarsthinkteamworkmaynotalwaysbereliable,despiteitspotentialtoworkwonders.44.Toensureemployees’commitment,itisadvisabletogivethemmoreflexibilityastowhereandhowtheywork.45.Producttransitionstakemuchlesstimenowthaninthepast.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thephrasealmostcompletesitself:midlifecrisis.It’sthestageinthemiddleofthejourneywhenpeoplefeelyouthvanishing,theirprospectsnarrowinganddeathapproaching.There’sonlyoneproblemwiththecliche(套话).Itisn’ttrue.“Infact,thereisalmostnohardevidenceformidlifecrisisotherthanafewsmallpilotstudiesconducteddecadesago,”BarbaraHagertywritesinhernewbook,LifeReimagined.Thevastbulkoftheresearchshowsthattheremaybeapause,orashiftingofgearsinthe40sor50s,butthisshift“canbeexciting,ratherthanterrifying”.BarbaraHagertylooksatsomeofthefeaturesofpeoplewhoturnmidlifeintoarebirth.Theybreakroutines,because“autopilotisdeath”.Theychoosepurposeoverhappiness一havingaclearsenseofpurposeevenreducestheriskofAlzheimer’sdisease.Theygiveprioritytorelationships,ascareersoftenrecede(逐渐淡化).LifeReimaginedpaintsapictureofmiddleagethatisfarfromgloomy.Midlifeseemslikethesecondbigphaseofdecision-making.Youridentityhasbeenformed;you’vebuiltupyourresources;andnowyouhavethechancetotakethebigriskspreciselybecauseyourfoundationisalreadysecure.KarlBarthdescribedmidlifepreciselythisway.Atmiddleage,hewrote,“thesowingisbehind;now第35页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)isthetimetoreap.Therunhasbeentaken;nowisthetimetoleap.Preparationhasbeenmade;nowisthetimefortheventureoftheworkitself.”Themiddle-agedperson,Barthcontinued,canseedeathinthedistance,butmoveswitha“measuredhaste”togetbignewthingsdonewhilethereisstilltime.WhatBarthwrotedecadesagoiseventruertoday.Peoplearehealthyandenergeticlonger.Wehavepresidentialcandidatesrunningfortheirfirstterminofficeatage68,69and74.Alongerlifespanischangingthenarrativestructureoflifeitself.Whatcouldhavebeenconsideredthebeginningofadescentisnowapotentialturningpoint—theturningpointyouaremostequippedtotakefulladvantageof.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthephrase“midlifecrisis”？A)Ithasledtoalotofdebate.B)Itiswidelyacknowledged.C)Itisnolongerfashionable.D)Itmisrepresentsreallife.47.HowdoesBarbaraHagertyviewmidlife?A)Itmaybethebeginningofacrisis.B)Itcanbeanewphaseofone’slife.C)Itcanbeterrifyingfortheunprepared.D)Itmayseeold-agediseasesapproaching.48.HowismidlifepicturedinthebookLifeReimagined?A)Itcanbequiterose.B)Itcanbeburdensome.C)Itundergoesradicaltransformation.D)Itmakesforthebestpartofone’slife.49.AccordingtoKarlBarth,midlifeisthetime_______.A)torelaxB)tomatureC)toharvestD)toreflect50.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutmidlifetoday?第36页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)A)Itismoremeaningfulthanotherstagesoflife.B)Itislikelytochangethenarrativeofone’slife,C)Itismoreimportanttothosewithalongerlifespan.D)Itislikelytobeacriticalturningpointinone’slife.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inspring,chickensstartlayingagain,bringingawelcomesourceofproteinatwinter’send.Soit’snosurprisethatculturesaroundtheworldcelebratespringbyhonoringtheegg.Sometraditionsaresimple,liketheredeggsthatgetbakedintoGreekEasterbreads.Otherselevatetheeggintoafancyart,liketheheavilyjewel-covered“eggs”thatwerefavoredbytheRussiansstartinginthe19thcentury.OneancientformofeggartcomestousfromUkraine.Forcenturies,Ukrainianshavebeendrawingcomplicatedpatternsoneggs.Contemporaryartistshavefollowedthistraditiontocreateeggsthatspeaktotheanxietiesofourage:Lifeisprecious,anddelicate.Eggsare,too.“There’ssomethingabouttheirdelicatenaturethatappealstome,”saysNewYorkercartoonistRozChast.Severalyearsago,shebecameinterestedineggsandlearnedthetraditionalUkrainiantechniquetodrawherverymodemcharacters.“I’vebrokeneggsateverystageoftheprocess—fromtheverybeginningtothevery,veryend.”Butthere’sanappealinthatvulnerability.“There’spartofthissickeninghorrorofknowingyou’rewalkingontheedgewiththis,thatIkindoflike,knowingthatitcouldallfallapartatanysecond.”Chast’sdesigns,suchasaworriedmanaloneinatinyrowboat,reflectthatdelicateness.TraditionalUkrainiandecoratedeggsalsospoketothosefears.Theelaboratepatternswerebelievedtoofferprotectionagainstevil.“There’sanancientlegendthataslongastheseeggsaremade,evilwillnotprevailintheworld,”saysJoanBrander,aCanadianegg-painterwhohasbeenpaintingeggsforover60years,havinglearnedtheartfromherUkrainianrelatives.Thetradition,datingbackto300B.C.,waslaterincorporatedintotheChristianchurch.Theoldsymbols,however,stillendure.Adecoratedeggwithabirdonit,giventoayoungmarriedcouple,isawishforchildren.Adecoratedeggthrownintothefieldwouldbeawishforagoodharvest.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。第37页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)51.Whydopeopleinmanyculturesprizetheegg?A)Itisawelcomesignofthecomingofspring.B)Itistheirmajorsourceofproteininwinter.C)Itcaneasilybemadeintoaworkofart.D)Itcanbringwealthandhonortothem.52.Whatdowelearnaboutthedecorated“eggs”inRussia?A)Theyareshapedlikejewelcases.B)Theyarecherishedbytherich.C)Theyareheavilypaintedinred.D)Theyarefavoredasaformofart.53.Whyhavecontemporaryartistscontinuedtheeggarttradition?A)Eggsserveasanenduringsymbolofnewlife.B)Eggshaveanovalshapeappealingtoartists.C)Eggsreflecttheanxietiesofpeopletoday.D)Eggsprovideauniquesurfacetopainton.54.WhydoesChastenjoytheprocessofdecoratingeggs?A)Sheneverknowsiftheeggwillbreakbeforethedesigniscompleted.B)Shecanaddmultipledetailstothedesigntocommunicateheridea.C)Shealwaysderivesgreatpleasurefromdesigningsomethingnew.D)Sheisneversurewhatthefinaldesignwilllooklikeuntiltheend.55.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutegg-painting?A)ItoriginatedintheeasternpartofEurope.B)Ithasahistoryofovertwothousandyears.C)Itisthemosttime-honoredformoffancyart.D)Itisespeciallyfavoredasachurchdecoration.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)第38页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。长江流域(riverbasin)居住着三分之一的人口。长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。长江三角洲(delta)产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。答案2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题试卷一(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950JCGMAFIKHBHDBJGAFEICDBACD5152535455ADCAB第39页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:oneistofindajobsomewhereandtheothertostartabusinessofyourown.Youaretomakeadecision.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourdecision.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A）Itwasdangeroustolivein.B）Itwasgoingtoberenovated.C）Hecouldnolongerpaytherent.D）Hehadsoldittotheroyalfamily.2.A）Astrike.B）Astorm.C）Aforestfire.D）Aterroristattack.Questions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.3.A）Theylostcontactwiththeemergencydepartment.B）Theyweretrappedinanundergroundelevator.第40页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Theywereinjuredbysuddenlyfallingrocks.D）Theysentcallsforhelpviaaportableradio.4.A）Theytriedhardtorepairtheelevator.B）Theyreleasedthedetailsoftheaccident.C）Theysentsuppliestokeeptheminerswarm.D）Theyprovidedtheminerswithfoodandwater.Questions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A）Raisepostagerates.B）Improveitsservices.C）Redesigndeliveryroutes.D）Closesomeofitspostoffices.6.A）Shorteningbusinesshours.B）Closingofficesonholidays.C）StoppingmaildeliveryonSaturdays.D）Computerizingmallsortingprocesses.7.A）Manypostofficestaffwilllosetheirjobs.B）Manypeoplewillbegintocomplain.C）Taxpayerswillbeverypleased.D）Alotofcontroversywillarise.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.第41页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A）Hewillbekeptfrompromotion.B）Hewillgothroughretraining.C）Hewillbegivenawarning.D）Hewilllosepartofhispay.9.A）Heisalwaysontime.B）Heisatrustworthyguy.C）Heisanexperiencedpressoperator.D）Heisongoodtermswithhisworkmates.10.A）Sheisatradeunionrepresentative.B）Sheisinchargeofpublicrelations.C）Sheisaseniormanageroftheshop.D）Sheisbetterathandlingsuchmatters.11.A）Heisskilledandexperienced.B）Heisveryclosetothemanager.C）Heisalwaystryingtostiruptrouble.D）Heisalwayscomplainingaboutlowwages.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A）Open.B）Friendly.C）Selfish.D）Reserved.13.A）Theystayquiet.B）Theyreadabook.C）Theytalkabouttheweather.第42页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D）Theychatwithfellowpassengers.14.A）Shewasalwaystreatedasaforeigner.B）ShewaseagertovisitanEnglishcastle.C）Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague\'shome.D）Shewasunwillingtomakefriendswithworkmates.15.A）Housesaremuchmorequiet.B）Housesprovidemoreprivacy.C）Theywanttohavemorespace.D）Theywantagardenoftheirown.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A）Theydon\'thavemuchchoiceofjobs.B）Theyarelikelytogetmuchhigherpay.C）Theydon\'thavetogothroughjobinterviews.D）Theywillautomaticallybegivenhiringpriority.17.A）Asktheirprofessorsforhelp.B）Lookatschoolbulletinboards.C）Visittheschoolcareersservice.D）Gothroughcampusnewspapers.18.A）Helpingstudentsfindthebooksandjournalstheyneed.B）Supervisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere.第43页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Helpingstudentsarrangeappointmentswithlibrarians.D）Providingstudentswithinformationaboutthelibrary.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A）Ittastesbetter.B）Itiseasiertogrow.C）Itmaybesoldatahigherprice.D）Itcanbettersurviveextremeweathers.20.A）Itishealthierthangreentea.B）Itcangrowindriersoil.C）Itwillreplacegreenteaoneday.D）Itisimmunetovariousdiseases.21.A）Ithasbeenwellreceivedbymanyteadrinkers.B）Itdoesnotbringthepromisedhealthbenefits.C）Ithasmadeteafarmers\'lifeeasier.D）Itdoesnothaveastablemarket.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A）Theyneeddecorationstoshowtheirstatus.B）Theypreferuniqueobjectsofhighquality.C）Theydecoratetheirhomesthemselves.D）Theycaremoreaboutenvironment.23.A）Theywereproudoftheircreations.B）Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight.C）Theymadegreatcontributionstosociety.D）Theyfocusedonthequalityoftheirproducts.第44页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)24.A）Makewisechoices.B）Identifyfakecrafts.C）Designhandicraftsthemselves.D）Learntheimportanceofcreation.25.A）Toboostthelocaleconomy.B）Toattractforeigninvestments.C）Toarousepublicinterestincrafts.D）Topreservethetraditionalculture.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theoceanisheatingup.That\'stheconclusionofanewstudythatfindsthatEarth\'soceansnow(26)_______heatattwicetheratetheydid18yearsago.Aroundhalfofoceanheatintakesince1865hastakenplacesince1997,researchersreportonlineinNatureClimateChange.Warmingwatersareknownto(27)_______tocoralbleaching(珊瑚白化)andtheytakeupmorespacethancoolerwaters,raisingsea(28)_______.Whilethetopoftheoceaniswellstudied,itsdepthsaremoredifficultto(29)_______.Theresearchersgathered150yearsofoceantemperaturedatainordertogetabetter(30)_______ofheatabsorptionfromsurfacetoseabed.Theygatheredtogethertemperaturereadingscollectedbyeverythingfroma19thcentury(31)_______ofBritishnavalshipstomodem第45页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)automatedoceanprobes.Theextensivedatasources,(32)_______withcomputersimulations(计算机模拟),createdatimelineofoceantemperaturechanges,includingcoolingfromvolcanicoutbreaksandwarmingfromfossilfuel(33)_______.About35percentoftheheattakeninbytheoceansduringtheindustrialeranowresidesata(34)_______ofmorethan700meters,theresearchersfound.Theysaythey\'re(35)_______whetherthedeep-seawarmingcanceledoutwarmingatthesea\'ssurface.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A.AbsorbB.CombinedC.ContributeD.depthE.emissionsF.ExcursionG.exploreH.floorI.heightsJ.indifferentK.LevelsL.mixedM.pictureN.unsureO.voyageSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CanBurglarsJamYourWirelessSecuritySystem?A)Anyproductthatpromisestoprotectyourhomedeservescarefulexamination．Soitisn’tsurprisingthatyou’11findplentyofstrongopinionsaboutthepotentialvulnerabilitiesofpopularhome—securitysystems．B)Themostlikelytypeofburglary(人室盗窃)byfaristheunsophisticatedcrimeofopportunity，usuallyinvolvingabrokenwindoworsomeforcedentry．AccordingtotheFB1．crimesliketheseaccountedforroughlytwo．thirdsofallhouseholdburglariesintheUSin2013．Thewidemajorityoftherestwereillegal．unforcedentriesthatresultedfromsomethinglikeawindowbeingleftopen．TheoddsofacriminalusingtechnicalmeanstobypassasecuritysystemaresosmallthattheFBIdoesn’teventrackthosestatistics．C)Oneofthemaintheoreticalhome—securityconcernsiswhetherornotagivensystemis第46页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)vulnerabletobeingblockedfromworkingaltogether．Withwiredsetups，thefearisthataburglar(人室盗贼)mightbeabletoshutyoursystemdownsimplybycuttingtherightcable．Withawirelesssetup．youstickbattery—poweredsensorsuparoundyourhomethatkeepaneyeonwindows。doors，motion，andmore．Iftheydetectsomethingwrongwhilethesystemisarmed．they’lltransmitawirelessaleftsignaltoabasestationthatwillthenraisethealarm．Thatapproachwilleliminatemostcord—cuttingconcerns--butwhatabouttheirwirelessequivalent，jamming?withthefightdevicetunedtothefightfrequency，what’stostopathieffromjammingyoursetupandblockingthatalertsignalfromeverreachingthebasestation?D)Jammingconcernsarenothingnew，andthey’renotuniquetosecuritysystems．Anydevicethat’sbuilttoreceiveawirelesssignalataspecificfrequencycanbeoverwhelmedbyastrongersignalcominginonthesamefrequency．Forcomparison．1et’ssayyouwantedto“jam”aconversationbetweentwopeople--allyou’dneedtodoisyellinthelistener’sear．E)Securitydevicesarerequiredtolistthefrequenciestheybroadcaston—matmeansthatapotentialthiefcanfindwhattheyneedtoknowwithminimalGoogling．Theywill．however．needtoknowwhatsystemthey’relookingfor．Ifyouhaveasigninyouryarddeclaringwhatsetupyouuse，that’dpointthemintherightdirection，thoughatthatpoint，we’retalkingaboutahighlytargeted，semi—sophisticatedattack，andnotthesortofforced—entryattackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries．It’seasiertofindandacquirejammingequipmentforsomefrequenciesthanitisforothers．F)Wirelesssecurityproviderswilloftentakestepstohelpcombatthethreatofjammingattacks．SimpliSafe，winnerofourEditors’Choicedistinction．utilizesaspecialsystemthat’scapableofseparatingincidentalRFinterferencefromtargetedjammingattacks．Whenthesystemthinksit’sbeingjammed，it’llnotifyyouviapushalert(推送警报)．Fromthere，it’suptoyoutosoundthealarmmanually．G)SimpliSafewassingledoutinonerecentarticleonjamming，completewithavideoshowingtheentiresystembeingeffectivelybypassedwithhandheldjammingequipment．AftertakingappropriatemeasurestocontaintheRFinterferencetoourtestlab，wetestedtheattackoutforourselves，andwereabletoverifythatit’spossiblewiththerightequipment．However．wealsoverifiedthatSimpliSafe’santi-jammingsystemworks．Itcaughtusintheact，sentanalerttomysmartphone，andalsolistedourRFinterferenceonthesystem’seventlog．Theteambehindthearticleandvideoinquestionmakenomentionofthesystem，orwhetherornotitdetectedthem．H)Weliketheuniquenatureofthatsoftware．Itmeansthatathieflikelywouldn’tbeabletoGoogle第47页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)howthesystemworks．thenfigureoutawayaroundit．Eveniftheycould，SimpliSafeclaimsthatitssystemisalwaysevolving，andthatitvariesslightlyfromsystemtosystem，whichmeanstherewouldn’tbeauniversalmagicformulaforcrackingit．Othersystemsalsoseemconfidentonthesubjectofjamming．TheteamatFrontpointaddressestheissueinablogonitssite，citingtheirownjamprotectionsoftwareandclaimingthattherearen’tanydocumentedcasesofasuccessfuljamattacksincethecompanybeganofferingwirelesssecuritysensorsinthel980s．I)Jammingattacksareabsolutelypossible．Assaidbefore．withthefightequipmentandtherightknow—how，it’spossibletojamanywirelesstransmission．Buthowprobableisitthatsomeonewillsuccessfullyjamtheirwayintoyourhomeandstealyourstuff?J)Let’simaginethatyouliveinasmallhomewithawirelesssecuritysetupthatoffersafunctionalanti—jammingsystem．First，athiefisgoingtoneedtotargetyourhome，specifically．Then，he’sgoingtoneedtoknowthetechnicaldetailsofyoursystemandacquirethespecificequipmentnecessaryforjammingyourspecificsetup．Presumably，youkeepyourdoorslockedatnightandwhileyou’reaway，sothethiefwillstillneedtobreakin．Thatmeansdefeatingthelocksomehow，orbreakingawindow．He’11needtobejammingyouatthispoint，asabrokenwindoworopeneddoorwouldnormallyreleasethealarm．S0，too，wouldthemotiondetectorsinyourhome，sothethiefwillneedtocontinuejammingoncehe’sinsideandsearchingforthingstosteal．However．he’11needtodosowithouttrippingtheanti-jammingsystem，thedetailsofwhichhealmostcertainlydoesnothaveaccessto．K)Attheendoftheday，thesekindsofsystemsareprimarilydesignedtoprotectagainstthesortofopportunisticsmash—and—grabattackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries．They’realsoonlyasinglelayerinwhatshouldideallybeamany—sidedapproachtosecuringyourhome，onethatincludescommonsensethingslikesoundlocksandproperexteriorlightingatnight．Nosystemisimpenetrable，andnonecanpromisetoeliminatetheworstcasecompletely．Everyoneofthemhasvulnerabilitiesthataknowledgeablethiefcouldtheoreticallyexploit．Agoodsystemisonethatkeepsthatworst—casesettingasimprobableaspossiblewhilealsoofferingstrongprotectionintheeventofaless-extraordinaryattack．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36．Itispossibleforburglarstomakejammingattackswiththenecessaryequipmentandskill．37．Interferingwithawirelesssecuritysystemissimilartointerferingwithaconversation．38．Aburglarhastocontinuouslyjamthewirelesssecuritydevicetoavoidtriggeringthealarm，both第48页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)insideandoutsidethehouse．39．SimpliSafeprovidesdevicesthatareabletodistinguishincidentalradiointerferencefromtargetedjammingattacks．40．Onlyaverysmallproportionofburglariesarecommittedbytechnicalmeans．41．ItisdifficulttocrackSimpliSafeasitssystemkeepschanging．42．Wirelessdeviceswilltransmitsignalssoastoactivatethealarmoncesomethingwrongisdetected．43．Differentmeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectone’shomefromburglaryinadditiontothewirelesssecuritysystem．44．SimpliSafe’sdevicecansendawarningtothehouseowner’scellphone．45．Burglarscaneasilygetasecuritydevice’sfrequencybyInternetsearch．SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage."Sugar,alcoholandtobacco,"economistAdamSmithoncewrote,"arecommoditieswhicharenowherenecessariesoflife,whichhavebecomeobjectsofalmostuniversalconsumption,andwhichare,therefore,extremelypopularsubjectsoftaxation."Twoandahaftcenturieson,mostcountriesimposesomesortoftaxonalcoholandtobacco.Withsurgingobesitylevelsputtingincreasingstrainonpublichealthsystems,governmentsaroundtheworldhavebeguntotoywiththeideaoftaxingsugaraswell.Whethersuchtaxesworkisamatterofdebate.ApreliminaryreviewofMexico\'staxationfoundafallinpurchasesoftaxeddrinksaswellasariseinsalesofuntaxedandhealthierdrinks.Bycontrast,aDanishtaxonfoodshighinfatswasabandonedayearafteritsintroduction,amidclaimsthatconsumerswereavoidingitbycrossingthebordertoGermanytosatisfytheirdesireforcheaper,fattierfare.Thefoodindustryhas,ingeneral,beenfirmlyopposedtosuchdirectgovernment第49页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)action.Nonetheless,therenewedfocusonwaistlinesmeansthatindustrygroupsareunderpressuretodemonstratetheirproductsarehealthyaswellastasty.Overthepastthreedecades,theindustryhasmadesomeeffortstoimprovethequalityofitsofferings.Forexample,somedrinkmanufacturershavecuttheamountofsugarintheirbeverages.Manyofthereductionsoverthepast30yearshavebeenachievedeitherbyreducingtheamountofsugar,saltorfatinaproduct,orbyfindinganalternativeingredient.Morerecently,however,somecompanieshavebeeninvestingmoneyinamoreambitiousundertaking:learninghowtoadjustthefundamentalmake-upofthefoodtheysell.Forexample,havingsaltontheoutside,butnoneontheinside,reducesthesaltcontentwithoutchangingthetaste.Whilereformulatingrecipes(配方)isonewaytoimprovepublichealth,itshouldbepartofamulti-sidedapproach.Thekeyistorememberthatthereisnotjustonesolution.Todealwithobesity,amixtureofapproaches--includingreformulation,taxationandadjustingportionsizes--willbeneeded.Thereisnosilverbullet.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.WhatdidAdamSmithsayaboutsugar,alcoholand.tobacco?A)Theywereprofitabletomanufacture.B）Theywereinever-increasingdemand.C）Theyweresubjecttotaxationalmosteverywhere.D）Theywerenolongerconsiderednecessitiesoflife.47.Whyhavemanycountriesstartedtoconsidertaxingsugar?A)Theyareundergrowingpressuretobalancetheirnationalbudgets.B）Theyfinditeverhardertocopewithsugar-inducedhealthproblems.C）Thepracticeoftaxingalcoholandtobaccohasprovedbothpopularandprofitable.D）Thesugarindustryisovertakingalcoholandtobaccobusinessingeneratingprofits.48.WhatdowelearnaboutDanishtaxationonfat-richfoods?A)Itdidnotworkoutaswellaswasexpected.B）Itgaverisetoalotofproblemsontheborder.C）ItcouldnotsucceedwithoutGermancooperation.D）Itmetwithfirmoppositionfromthefoodindustry.第50页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)49.Whatisthemorerecenteffortbyfoodcompaniestomakefoodsanddrinksbothhealthyandtasty?A)Replacingsugarorsaltwithalternativeingredients.B）Settingalimitontheamountofsugarorsaltintheirproducts.C）Investinginresearchtofindwaystoadapttoconsumers\'needs.D）Adjustingthephysicalcompositionoftheirproducts.50.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying,attheendofthepassage,"Thereisnosilverbullet"(Line4,Para.7)?A)Thereisnosingleeasyquicksolutiontotheproblem.B）Thereisnohopeofsuccesswithoutpubliccooperation.C）Thereisnohurryinfindingwaystosolvetheobesityproblem.D）Thereisnoeffectivewaytoreducepeople\'ssugarconsumption.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Youmayhaveheardsomeofthefashionindustryhorrorstories:modelseatingtissuesorcottonballstoholdoffhunger,andmodelscollapsingfromhunger-inducedheartattacksjustsecondsaftertheystepofftherunway.Excessivelyskinnymodelshavebeenapointofcontroversyfordecades,andtworesearcherssayamodel\'sbodymassshouldbeaworkplacehealthandsafetyissue.InaneditorialreleasedMondayintheAmericanJournalofPublicHealth,KatherineRecordandBrynAustinmadetheircaseforgovernmentregulationofthefashionindustry.Theaverageinternationalrunwaymodelhasabodymassindex(BMI)under16--lowenoughtoindicatestarvationbytheWorldHealthOrganization\'sstandard.AndRecordandAustinareworriednotjustaboutthemodelsthemselves,butaboutthevastnumberofgirlsandwomentheirimagesinfluence."Especiallygirlsandteens,"saysRecord."Seventypercentofgirlsaged10to18reportthattheydefineperfectbodyimagebasedonwhattheyseeinmagazines."That\'sespeciallyworrying,shesays,giventhatanorexia(厌食症)resultsinmoredeathsthandoesanyothermentalillness,accordingtotheNationalInstituteofMentalHealth.It\'scommonlyknownthatcertaindiseasesarelinkedwithoccupationslikelungdiseaseincoal第51页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)miners.Professionalfashionmodelsareparticularlyvulnerabletoeatingdisordersresultingfromoccupationaldemandstomaintainextremethinness.Record\'ssuggestionistoprohibitagentsfromhiringmodelswithaBMIbelow18.InApril,Francepassedalawsettinglowerlimitsforamodel\'sweight.AgentsandfashionhouseswhohiremodelswithaBMIunder18couldpay$82,000infinesandspendupto6monthsinjail.RegulatingthefashionindustryintheUnitedStateswon\'tbeeasy,Recordsays.ButwiththenewrulesinFrance,U.S.supportcouldmakeadifference."Adesignercan\'tsurvivewithoutparticipatinginParisFashionWeek",shesays,adding,"OurargumentisthatthesamewouldbetrueofNewYorkFashionWeek."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51.WhatdoRecordandAustinsayaboutfashionmodels\'bodymass?A）Ithascausedneedlesscontroversy.B）Itisbutamatterofpersonaltaste.C）Itisthefocusofthemodelingbusiness.D）Itaffectsmodels\'healthandsafety.52.WhatareRecordandAustinadvocatingintheMondayeditorial?A）Achangeinthepublic\'sviewoffemalebeauty.B）Governmentlegislationaboutmodels\'weight.C）Eliminationofforcedweightlossbymodels.D）Prohibitionofmodelseatingnon-foodstuff.53.WhyareRecordandAustinespeciallyworriedaboutthelowbodymassindexofmodels?A）Itcontributestomanymentalillnesses.B）Itdefinesthefutureofthefashionindustry.C）Ithasgreatinfluenceonnumerousgirlsandwomen.D）Itkeepsmanyotherwisequalifiedwomenofftherunway.54.WhatdowelearnaboutFrance\'sfashionindustry?A）Ithasdifficultyhiringmodels.B）Ithasnowanewlawtofollow.第52页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Itallowsgirlsunder18ontherunway.D）IthasovertakenthatoftheUnitedStates.55.WhatdoesRecordexpectofNewYorkFashionWeek?A）Itwillcreateacompletelynewsetofrules.B）ItwilldobetterthanParisFashionWeek.C）ItwilldifferfromParisFashionWeek.D）ItwillhavemodelswithahigherBMI.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运和快乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水书写中国人名被看成是一种冒犯行为。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。答案12345678910111213141516171819202122232425ABBCDCADBDCDACBDCBCADBBAA26272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950ACKGMOBEDNIDJFBHCKGECBADA5152535455DBCBD第53页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题试卷二(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:oneistoworkinastate-ownedbusinessandtheotherinajointventure.Youaretomakeachoicebetweenthetwo.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourdecision.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A）Tosatisfythecuriosityoftourists.B）Toreplacetwooldstonebridges.C）ToenabletouriststovisitGoatIsland.第54页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D）Toimproveutilityservicesinthestate.2.A）Countlesstreelimbs.B）Afewskeletons.C）Lotsofwreckedboatsandships.D）Millionsofcoinsonthebottom.Questions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.3.A）ItsuspendeddiplomaticrelationswithLibya.B）IturgedtouriststoleaveTunisiaimmediately.C）ItshutdowntwobordercrossingswithLibya.D）ItlaunchedafierceattackagainstIslamicState.4.A）AdviseTunisianciviliansonhowtotakesafetyprecautions.B）Trackdowntheorganizationresponsiblefortheterroristattack.C）TrainqualifiedsecuritypersonnelfortheTunisiangovernment.D）DeviseamonitoringsystemontheTunisianborderwithLibya.Questions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A）Anenvironment-friendlybattery.B）Anenergy-savingmobilephone.C）Aplant-poweredmobilephonecharger.D）Adevicetohelpplantsabsorbsunlight.6.A）Whilesittingintheirschool\'scourtyard.B）Whileplayinggamesontheirphones.C）Whilesolvingamathematicalproblem.D）Whiledoingachemicalexperiment.7.A）Itincreasestheapplicationsofmobilephones.B）Itspeedsuptheprocessofphotosynthesis.第55页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Itimprovesthereceptionofmobilephones.D）Itcollectstheenergyreleasedbyplants.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A）HevisitedtheworkshopsintheGrimsbyplant.B）Hecalledthewomanandleftheramessage.C）Heusedstand-insasreplacementsonalllines.D）Heaskedatechniciantofixthebrokenproductionline.9.A）Itisthemostmodernproductionline.B）Itassemblessuper-intelligentrobots.C）Ithasstoppedworkingcompletely.D）Itisgoingtobeupgradedsoon.10.A）Toseekherpermission.B）Toplaceanorderforrobots.C）Torequesthertoreturnatonce.D）ToaskforTom\'sphonenumber.11.A）Sheisonduty.B）Sheishavingherdayoff.C）Sheisonsickleave.D）Sheisabroadonbusiness.第56页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A）Hesavedababyboy\'slife.B）Hewantedtobeasuperhero.C）Hepreventedatraincrash.D）Hewasawitnesstoanaccident.13.A）Hehasa9-month-oldboy.B）Heiscurrentlyunemployed.C）Heenjoystheinterview.D）Hecommutesbysubway.14.A）Arockonthetracks.B）Amisplacedpushchair.C）Astrongwind.D）Aspeedingcar.15.A）Sheaskedforother’shelp.B）Shecouldn’thelpcrying.C）Shewasinhorror.D）Shewasunawareofthisincident.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A）Sheinheritedherfamilyice-creambusinessinBillings.第57页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)B）Shelovedtheice-creambusinessmorethanteachingprimaryschool.C）Shestartedanice-creambusinesstofinanceherdaughter\'seducation.D）Shewantedtohaveanice-creamtruckwhenshewasalittlegirl.17.A）Topreserveatradition.B）Toamuseherdaughter.C）Tohelplocaleducation.D）Tomakesomeextramoney.18.A）Toraisemoneyforbusinessexpansion.B）Tomakehertruckattractivetochildren.C）Toallowpoorkidstohaveice-creamtoo.D）Toteachkidsthevalueofmutualsupport.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A）Thereasonsforimposingtaxes.B）Thevariousservicesmoneycanbuy.C）Thevariousburdensonordinarycitizens.D）Thefunctionofmoneyinthemodemworld.20.A）Educatingandtrainingcitizens.B）Improvingpublictransportation.C）Protectingpeople\'slifeandproperty.D）Buildinghospitalsandpubliclibraries.21.A）Byaskingfordonations.B）Bysellingpubliclands.C）Bysellinggovernmentbonds.D）Byexploitingnaturalresources.第58页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A）TaxesinthiscountryarelowB）PeopletherespeakmostlyGermanC）ItislocatedinthePyreneesMountainsD）Itisoneofthemostfamoussmallcountries23.A）ItissituatedonMediterraneanSea.B）ItsrulermarriedanAmericanactress.C）Itsrulerwasahandsomeprince.D）ItissurroundedbyFranceonthreesides.第59页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)24.A）Tobacco.B）Potatoes.C）Machinery.D）Clothing.25.A）Amarriagebetweenaprinceandactress.B）SeveralexcellentskiinglocationsinEurope.C）SomeverysmallcountriesinEurope.D）MainexportproductsinsomeEuropeancountries.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthereare"male"and"female"brains,believingthatexplainsjustabouteverydifferencebetweenthesexes.Anewstudy(26)_______thatbelief,questioningwhetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers(27)_______forsexdifferencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrain.Andwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch.Ratherthanofferevidencefor(28)_______brainsas"male"or"female,"researchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle.DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherresearchfoundthatwhiletherearesomegender-based(29)_______,manydifferenttypesofbraincan\'talwaysbedistinguishedbygender.Whilethe"average"maleand"average"femalebrainswere(30)_______different,youcouldn\'ttell第60页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)itbylookingatindividualbrainscans.Onlyasmall(31)_______ofpeoplehad"all-male"or"all-female"characteristics.LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist(神经科学家),saidthestudyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyofresearchquestioning(32)_______beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsarethesame,(33)_______ofgender."There\'samountainofevidence(34)_______theimportanceofsexinfluencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction,"hetoldTheSeattleTimes.Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy(35)_______thatgenderplaysaveryimportantroleinthebrain--"evenwhenwearenotclearexactlyhow."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A.abnormalB.appliedC.brieflyD.categorizingE.challengesF.figureG.percentageH.provingI.regardlessJ.searchedK.similaritiesL.slightlyM.suggestsN.tastes0.traditionalSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.WhenWorkBecomesaGameA)Whatmotivatesemployeestodotheirjobswell?Competitionwithcoworkers,forsome.Thepromiseofrewards,forothers.Pureenjoymentofproblem-solving,foraluckyfew.B)Increasingly,companiesaretappingintothesedesiresdirectlythroughwhathascometobeknownas"gamification":essentially,turningworkintoagame."Gamificationisaboutunderstandingwhatitisthatmakesgamesengagingandwhatgamedesignersdotocreateagreatexperienceingames,andtakingthoselearningsandapplyingthemtoothercontextssuchastheworkplaceandeducation,"explainsKevinWerbach,agamificationexpertwhoteachesattheWhartonSchoolofBusinessatthe第61页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)UniversityofPennsylvaniaintheUnitedStates.C)Itmightmeanmonitoringemployeeproductivityonadigitalleaderboardandofferingprizestothewinner,orgivingemployeesdigitalbadgesorstarsforcompletingcertainactivities.Itcouldalsomeantrainingemployeeshowtodotheirjobsthroughvideogameplatforms.CompaniesfromGoogletoL\'OréaltoIBMtoWellsFargoareknowntousesomedegreeofgamificationintheirworkplaces.Andmoreandmorecompaniesarejoiningthem.Arecentreportsuggeststhattheglobalgamificationmarketwillgrowfrom$1.65billionin2015to$11.1billionby2020.D)Theconceptofgamificationisnotentirelynew,Werbachsays.Companies,marketersandteachershavelonglookedforfunwaystoengagepeople\'sreward-seekingorcompetitivespirits.CrackerJackshasbeen"gamifying"itssnackfoodbyputtingasmallprizeinsideformorethan100years,headds,andtheturn-of-the-centurysteelmagnate(巨头)CharlesSchwabissaidtohaveoftencomeintohisfactoryandwrittenthenumberoftonsofsteelproducedonthepastshiftonthefactoryfloor,thusmotivatingthenextshiftofworkerstobeatthepreviousone.E)Buttheword"gamification"andthewidespread,consciousapplicationoftheconceptonlybeganinearnestaboutfiveyearsago,Werbachsays.Thanksinparttovideogames,thegenerationnowenteringtheworkforceisespeciallyopentotheideaofhavingtheirworkgamified."Weareatapointwhereinmuchofthedevelopedworldthevastmajorityofyoungpeoplegrewupplayingvideogames,andanincreasinglyhighpercentageofadultsplaythesevideogamestoo,"Werbachsays.F)Anumberofcompanieshavesprungup--GamEffective,BunchbailandBadgeville,tonameafew--inrecentyearsofferinggamificationplatformsforbusinesses.Theplatformsthataremosteffectiveturnemployees\'ordinaryjobtasksintopartofarichadventurenarrative."Whatmakesagamegame-likeisthattheplayeractuallycaresabouttheoutcome,"Werbachsays."Theprincipleisaboutunderstandingwhatismotivatingtothisgroupofplayers,whichrequiressomeunderstandingofpsychology."G)Somepeople,Werbachsays,aremotivatedbycompetition.Salespeopleoftenfallintothiscategory.Forthem,therightkindofgamificationmightbeturningtheirsalespitchesintoacompetitionwithotherteammembers,completewithadigitalleaderboardshowingwhoiswinningatalltimes.Othersaremoremotivatedbycollaborationandsocialexperiences.OnecompanyWerbachhasstudiedusesgamificationtocreateasenseofcommunityandboostemployees\'morale(士气).Whenemployeeslogintotheircomputers,they\'reshownapictureofoneoftheircoworkersandaskedtoguessthatperson\'sname.H)Gamificationdoesnothavetobedigital.MonicaCornettirunsacompanythatgamifies第62页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)employeetrainings.Sometimesthisinvolvestechnology,butoftenitdoesnot.Sherecentlydesignedagamificationstrategyforasalestrainingcompanywithastorm-chasingtheme.Employeesformed"stormchaserteams"andcompetedinstorm-themededucationalexercisestoearnvariousrewards."Rewardsdonothavetobestuff,"Cornettisays."Rewardscanbeflexibleworkinghours."Anothertraining,thisoneforpayrolllaw,usedaSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfstheme."SnowWhite"isavailableforeveryonetouse,butthe"dwarfs"arestillundercopyright,soCornettiinventedsound-alikecharacters(GrumpyGus,DopeyDan)toillustratespecificpayrolllawprinciples.I)Somepeopledonottakenaturallytogamifiedworkenvironments,Cornettisays.Inherexperience,peopleinpositionsofpowerorpeopleinfinanceorengineeringdonottendtolikethesoundoftheword."Ifwearedesigningforengineers,I\'mnottalkingabouta\'game\'atall,"Cornettisays."I\'mtalkingabouta\'simulation\'(模拟),I\'mtalkingabout\'beingabletosolvethisproblem.\'"J)Gamificationis"notamagicbullet,"Werbachwarns.Agamificationstrategythatisnotsufficientlythoughtthroughorwelltailoredtoitsplayersmayengagepeopleforalittlewhile,butitwillnotmotivatepeopleinthelongterm.Itcanalsobeexploitative,especiallywhenusedwithvulnerablepopulations.Forworkers,especiallylow-paidworkers,whodesperatelyneedtheirjobsyetknowtheycanbeeasilyreplaced,gamificationmayfeelmoreliketheHungerGames.WerbachgivestheexampleofseveralDisneylandhotelsinAnaheim,California,whichusedlargedigitalleaderboardstodisplayhowefficientlylaundryworkerswereworkingcomparedtooneanother.Someemployeesfoundtheboardmotivating.Toothers,itwastheoppositeoffun.Somebegantostoptakingbathroombreaks,worriedthatiftheirproductivityfelltheywouldbefired.Pregnantemployeesstruggledtokeepup.InaLosAngelesTimesarticle,oneemployeereferredtotheboardasa"digitalwhip.""Itactuallyhadaverynegativeeffectonmoraleandperformance,"Werbachsays.K)Still,gamificationonlystandstobecomemorepopular,hesays,"asmoreandmorepeoplecomeintotheworkforcewhoarefamiliarwiththestructuresandexpressionsofdigitalgames.""Wearefarfromreachingthepeak,"Cornettiagrees."Thereisnoreasonthiswillgoaway."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.Somefamouscompaniesarealreadyusinggamificationandmorearetryingtodothesame.37.Gamificationisnotamiraclecureforallworkplacesasitmayhavenegativeresults.38.Toenhancemorale,onecompanyasksitsemployeestoidentifytheirfellowworkerswhenstartingtheircomputers.第63页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)39.Theideaofgamificationwaspracticedbysomebusinessesmorethanacenturyago.40.Thereisreasontobelievethatgamificationwillbeheretostay.41.Videogamescontributedinsomewaystothewideapplicationofgamification.42.Whenturningworkintoagame,itisnecessarytounderstandwhatmakesgamesinteresting.43.Gamificationinemployeetrainingdoesnotalwaysneedtechnology.44.Themostsuccessfulgamificationplatformstransformdailyworkassignmentsintofunexperiences.45.Itisnecessarytousetermsotherthan"gamification"forsomeprofessions.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.RecentlyIattendedseveralmeetingswherewetalkedaboutwaystoretainstudentsandkeepyoungerfacultymembersfromgoingelsewhere.Itseemshighereducationhasbecomeanindustryofmeeting-holderswhosetaskitisto"solve"problems--realorimagined.Andinmypositionasaprofessoratthreedifferentcolleges,theactualproblemsineducatingouryoungpeopleandolderstudentshavedeepened,whilethenumberofpeoplehired--nottoteachbuttoholdmeetings--hasincreasedsignificantly.Everynewproblemcreatesanewjobforanadministrativefixer.TakeourCenterforTeachingExcellence.Contrarytoitstitle,thecenterisaclearinghouse(信息交流中心)forusingtechnologyinclassroomsandinonlinecourses.It\'sanadministrativesham(欺诈)ofthekindthathasmultipliedoverthelast30years.Iofferasimplepropositioninresponse:Manyofourproblems--classattendance,educationalsuccess,studenthappinessandwell-being--mightbeimprovedbycuttingdownthebureaucratic(官僚的)mechanismsandmeetingsandinsteadhiringanarmyofgoodteachers.Ifwereplacedhalfofouradministrativestaffwithclassroomteachers,wemightactuallygetamajorityofourclassesbackto20orfewerstudentsperteacher.Thiswouldbeanenvironmentinwhichteachersandstudentsactuallyknew第64页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)eachother.Theteachersmustbefreetoteachintheirownway--thecurriculumshouldbeflexibleenoughsothattheycanusetheirindividualtalentstoachievethegoalsofthecourse.Additionally,theyshouldbeallowedtoteach,andberewardedfordoingitwell.Teachersarenotpeoplewhoaregreatatandconsumedbyresearchandhappentoappearinaclassroom.Goodteachingandresearcharenotexclusive,buttheyarealsonotautomaticcompanions.Teachingisanartandacraft,talentandpractice;itisnotsomethingthatjustanyonecanbegoodat.Itisutterlyconfusingtomethatpeopledonotrecognizethis,despitethefactthatprettymuchanyonewhohasbeenastudentcantellthedifferencebetweentheirbestandworstteachers.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpresent-dayuniversities?A）Theyareeffectivelytacklingrealorimaginedproblems.B）Theyoftenfailtocombineteachingwithresearch.C）Theyareover-burdenedwithadministrativestaff.D）Theylacktalenttofixtheirdeepeningproblems.47.Accordingtotheauthor,whatkindofpeopledouniversitieslackmost?A）Goodclassroomteachers.B）Efficientadministrators.C）Talentedresearchers.D）Motivatedstudents.48.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheclassesatpresent?A）Theyfacilitatestudents\'independentlearning.B）Theyhelpstudentsformcloserrelationships.C）Theyhavemoreolderstudentsthanbefore.D）Theyaremuchbiggerthanisdesirable.49.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofteachingability?A）Itrequirestalentandpractice.B）Itiscloselyrelatedtoresearch.第65页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Itisachieffactoraffectingstudents\'learning.D）Itcanbeacquiredthroughpersistentpractice.50.Whatistheauthor\'ssuggestionforimprovinguniversityteaching?A）Creatinganenvironmentforteacherstosharetheirteachingexperiences.B）Hiringmoreclassroomteachersandallowingthemtoteachintheirownway.C）Usinghightechnologyinclassroomsandpromotingexchangeofinformation.D）Cuttingdownmeetingsandencouragingadministrativestafftogotoclassrooms.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thesecrettoeatinglessandbeinghappyaboutitmayhavebeencrackedyearsago--byMcDonald\'s.AccordingtoanewstudyfromCornellUniversity\'sFoodandBrandLab,smallnon-foodrewards--likethetoysinMcDonald\'sHappyMeals--stimulatethesamerewardcentersinthebrainasfooddoes.Theresearchers,ledbyMartinReimann,carriedoutaseriesofexperimentstoseeifpeoplewouldchooseasmallermealffitwaspairedwithanon-fooditem.Theyfoundthatthemajorityofbothkidsandadultsoptedforahaft-sizedportionwhencombinedwithaprize.Bothoptionswerepricedthesame.Evenmoreinterestingisthatthepromiseofafuturerewardwasenoughtomakeadultschoosethesmallerportion.Oneoftheprizesusedwasalotteryticket(彩票),witha$10,$50or$100payout,andthiswasaseffectiveasatangiblegiftinpersuadingpeopletoeatless."Thefactthatparticipantswerewillingtosubstitutepartofafooditemforthemereprospectofarelativelysmallmonetaryawardisinteresting,"saysReimann.Hetheorizesthatitistheemotionalcomponentoftheseintangibleprizesthatmakethemeffective.Infact,vaguely-statedpossibilitiesofwinningaprizeweremoreeffectivethanoptionswithhardoddsincluded."Oneexplanationforthisfindingisthatpossibleawardsmaybemoreemotionallyprovokingthancertaintyawards,”saysReimann."Theuncertaintyofwinningprovidesaddedattractionanddesirabilitythroughemotional\'thrills.\'Thepossibilityofreceivinganawardalsoproducesastateofhope--astatethatisinitselfpsychologicallyrewarding."Inotherwords,there\'sareasonwhypeopleliketogamble.Howmightthisknowledgebeusedtohelppeopleeatmorehealthily?第66页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Onepossibilityisahealthyoptionthatoffersthechancetowinaspa(温泉疗养)weekend.Ormaybetherewardofahalf-sizedportioncouldbeahalf-sizeddesserttobeclaimedonlyonafuturedate.Thatwouldgetyoubackintherestaurant--andmakeyoueatalittleless.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51.WhatdowelearnaboutMcDonald\'sinclusionoftoysinitsHappyMeals?A)Itmayshedlightonpeople\'sdesiretocrackasecret.B）IthasprovedtobekeytoMcDonald\'sbusinesssuccess.C）Itappealstokid\'scuriositytofindoutwhatishiddeninside.D）Itmaybeapleasantwayforkidstoreducetheirfoodintake.52.WhatisthefindingoftheresearchersledbyMartinReimann?A)ReducingfoodintakeisnotthatdifficultifpeoplegotoMcDonald\'smore.B）Mostkidsandadultsdon\'tactuallyfeelhungrywhentheyeathalfoftheirmeal.C）Eatingasmallerportionoffooddoesgoodtothehealthofkidsandadultsalike.D）Mostkidsandadultswouldchooseasmallermealthatcamewithanon-fooditem.53.WhatismostinterestinginMartinReimann\'sfinding?A)Kidspreferredanawardintheformofmoneytooneintheformofatoy.B）Adultschosethesmallerportiononthemerepromiseofafutureaward.C）Bothkidsandadultsfeltsatisfiedwithonlyhalfoftheirmealportions.D）Neitherchildrennoradultscouldresistthetemptationofafreetoy.54.HowdoesMartinReimanninterprethisfinding?A)Theemotionalcomponentoftheprizesisatwork.B）Peoplenowcaremoreaboutqualitythanquantity.C）Peopleprefercertaintyawardstopossibleawards.D）Thedesireforafuturerewardisoverwhelming.55.WhatcanweinferfromMartinReimann\'sfinding?A)Peopleshouldeatmuchlessiftheywishtostayhealthyandhappy.B）MorefastfoodrestaurantsarelikelytofollowMcDonald\'sexample.C）Wecanleadpeopletoeatlesswhilehelpingtherestaurantbusiness.第67页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D）Morestudiesareneededtofindouttheimpactofemotiononbehavior.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住，白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色的信封里，而要装在红色的信封里。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。答案12345678910111213141516171819202122232425BDCDCADBCABABCCDACACBDBDC26272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950EJDKLGOIHMCJGDKEBHFICADAB5152535455DDBAC第68页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题试卷三(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:oneistoworkinastate-ownedbusinessandtheotherinajointventure.Youaretomakeachoicebetweenthetwo.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourdecision.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)说明：2016年12月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.You第69页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)maynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whensomeonecommitsacriminalact,wealwayshopethepunishmentwillmatchtheoffense.Butwhenitcomestooneofthecruelestcrimes--animalfighting--things(26)_______workoutthatway.Dog-fightingvictimsare(27)_______andkilledforprofitand"sport,"yettheircriminalabusersoftenreceivea(28)_______sentenceforcausingalifetimeofpain.Roughlyhalfofallfederally-convictedanimalfightersonlygetprobation(缓刑).Someprogresshasbeenmadeintheprosecution(起诉)ofanimalfighters.ButfederaljudgesoftenrelyheavilyontheU.S.SentencingGuidelineswhenthey(29)_______penalties,andinthecaseofanimalfighting,thoseguidelinesareoutdatedandextremely(30)_______.TheU.S.SentencingCommission,which(31)_______thesesentencingguidelines,isrevisitingthem,proposingtoraisetheminimumsentencefrom6-12to21-27months.Thisisastepintheright(32)_______,butwe\'dliketoseetheU.S.SentencingCommissionmakefurtherchangestotheguidelines.Alongwiththiseffort,we\'reworkingwithanimaladvocatesandstateandfederallawmakersto(33)_______anti-crueltylawsacrossthecountry,aswellassupportinglawsandpoliciesthatassistoverburdenedanimal(34)_______thatcareforanimalfightingvictims.Thishelpis(35)_______importantbecausethehighcostofcaringforanimalvictimsisamajorfactorthatpreventspeoplefromgettinginvolvedincrueltycasesinthefirstplace.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A.ConvenientB.createsC.criticallyD.determineE.directionF.HesitateG.inadequateH.inspiredI.methodJ.minimalK.RarelyL.sheltersM.strengthenN.sufferingsO.torturedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichthe第70页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)informationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheSecrettoRaisingSmartKidsA)Ifirstbegantoinvestigatethebasisofhumanmotivation--andhowpeoplepersevereaftersetbacks--asapsychologygraduatestudentatYaleUniversityinthe1960s.AnimalexperimentsbypsychologistsattheUniversityofPennsylvaniahadshownthatafterrepeatedfailures,mostanimalsconcludethatasituationishopelessandbeyondtheircontrol.Aftersuchanexperienceananimaloftenremainspassiveevenwhenitcaneffectchange--astatetheycalledlearnedhelplessness.B)Peoplecanlearntobehelpless,too.Whydosomestudentsgiveupwhentheyencounterdifficulty,whereasotherswhoarenomoreskilledcontinuetostriveandlearn?Oneanswer,Isoondiscovered,layinpeople\'sbeliefsaboutwhytheyhadfailed.C)Inparticular,attributingpoorperformancetoalackofabilitydepressesmotivationmorethandoesthebeliefthatlackofeffortistoblame.WhenItoldagroupofschoolchildrenwhodisplayedhelplessbehaviorthatalackofeffortledtotheirmistakesinmath,theylearnedtokeeptryingwhentheproblemsgottough.Anothergroupofhelplesschildrenwhoweresimplyrewardedfortheirsuccessoneasierproblemsdidnotimprovetheirabilitytosolvehardmathproblems.Theseexperimentsindicatedthatafocusoneffortcanhelpresolvehelplessnessandgeneratesuccess.D)Later,Idevelopedabroadertheoryofwhatseparatesthetwogeneralclassesoflearners--helplessversusmastery-oriented.Irealizedthesedifferenttypesofstudentsnotonlyexplaintheirfailuresdifferently,buttheyalsoholddifferent"theories"ofintelligence.Thehelplessonesbelieveintelligenceisafixedcharacteristic:youhaveonlyacertainamount,andthat\'sthat.Icallthisa"fixedmind-set(思维模式)."Mistakescracktheirself-confidencebecausetheyattributeerrorstoalackofability,whichtheyfeelpowerlesstochange.Theyavoidchallengesbecausechallengesmakemistakesmorelikely.Themastery-orientedchildren,ontheotherhand,thinkintelligenceisnotfixedandcanbedevelopedthrougheducationandhardwork.Suchchildrenbelievechallengesareenergizingratherthanintimidating(令人生畏);theyofferopportunitiestolearn.Studentswithsuchagrowthmind-setweredestined(注定)forgreateracademicsuccessandwerequitelikelytooutperformtheircounterparts.E)WevalidatedtheseexpectationsinastudyinwhichtwootherpsychologistsandImonitored373studentsfortwoyearsduringthetransitiontojuniorhighschool,whentheworkgetsmoredifficult第71页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)andthegradingmorestrict,todeterminehowtheirmind-setsmightaffecttheirmathgrades.Atthebeginningofseventhgrade,weassessedthestudents\'mind-setsbyaskingthemtoagreeordisagreewithstatementssuchas"Yourintelligenceissomethingverybasicaboutyouthatyoucan\'treallychange."Wethenassessedtheirbeliefsaboutotheraspectsoflearningandlookedtoseewhathappenedtotheirgrades.F)Aspredicted,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setfeltthatlearningwasamoreimportantgoalthangettinggoodgrades.Inaddition,theyheldhardworkinhighregard.Theyunderstoodthatevengeniuseshavetoworkhard.Confrontedbyasetbacksuchasadisappointingtestgrade,studentswithagrowthmind-setsaidtheywouldstudyharderortryadifferentstrategy.Thestudentswhoheldafixedmind-set,however,wereconcernedaboutlookingsmartwithlessregardforlearning.Theyhadnegativeviewsofeffort,believingthathavingtoworkhardwasasignoflowability.Theythoughtthatapersonwithtalentorintelligencedidnotneedtoworkhardtodowell.Attributingabadgradetotheirownlackofability,thosewithafixedmind-setsaidthattheywouldstudylessinthefuture,trynevertotakethatsubjectagainandconsidercheatingonfuturetests.G)Suchdifferentoutlookshadadramaticimpactonperformance.Atthestartofjuniorhigh,themathachievementtestscoresofthestudentswithagrowthmind-setwerecomparabletothoseofstudentswhodisplayedafixedmind-set.Butastheworkbecamemoredifficult,thestudentswithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterpersistence.Asaresult,theirmathgradesovertookthoseoftheotherstudentsbytheendofthefirstsemester--andthegapbetweenthetwogroupscontinuedtowidenduringthetwoyearswefollowedthem.H)Afixedmind-setcanalsohindercommunicationandprogressintheworkplaceanddiscourageorignoreconstructivecriticismandadvice.Researchshowsthatmanagerswhohaveafixedmind-setarelesslikelytoseekorwelcomefeedbackfromtheiremployeesthanaremanagerswithagrowthmind-set.I)Howdowetransmitagrowthmind-settoourchildren?Onewayisbytellingstoriesaboutachievementsthatresultfromhardwork.Forinstance,talkingaboutmathematicalgeniuseswhoweremoreorlessbornthatwayputsstudentsinafixedmind-set,butdescriptionsofgreatmathematicianswhofellinlovewithmathanddevelopedamazingskillsproduceagrowthmind-set.J)Inaddition,parentsandteacherscanhelpchildrenbyprovidingexplicitinstructionregardingthemindasalearningmachine.Idesignedaneight-sessionworkshopfor91studentswhosemathgradesweredecliningintheirfirstyearofjuniorhigh.Forty-eightofthestudentsreceivedinstructioninstudyskillsonly,whereastheothersattendedacombinationofstudyskillssessionsandclassesinwhichthey第72页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)learnedaboutthegrowthmind-setandhowtoapplyittoschoolwork.Inthegrowthmind-setclasses,studentsreadanddiscussedanarticleentitled"YouCanGrowYourBrain."Theyweretaughtthatthebrainislikeamusclethatgetsstrongerwithuseandthatlearningpromptsthebraintogrownewconnections.Fromsuchinstruction,manystudentsbegantoseethemselvesasagentsoftheirownbraindevelopment.Despitebeingunawarethatthereweretwotypesofinstruction,teachersreportedsignificantmotivationalchangesin27%ofthechildreninthegrowthmind-setworkshopascomparedwithonly9%ofstudentsinthecontrolgroup.K)Researchisconverging(汇聚)ontheconclusionthatgreataccomplishmentandevengeniusistypicallytheresultofyearsofpassionanddedicationandnotsomethingthatflowsnaturallyfromagift.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.Theauthor\'sexperimentshowsthatstudentswithafixedmind-setbelievehavingtoworkhardisanindicationoflowability.37.Focusingoneffortiseffectiveinhelpingchildrenovercomefrustrationandachievesuccess.38.Wecancultivateagrowthmind-setinchildrenbytellingsuccessstoriesthatemphasizehardworkandloveoflearning.39.Students\'beliefaboutthecauseoftheirfailureexplainstheirattitudetowardsetbacks.40.Intheauthor\'sexperiment,studentswithagrowthmind-setshowedgreaterperseveranceinsolvingdifficultmathproblems.41.Theauthorconductedanexperimenttofindoutabouttheinfluenceofstudents\'mind-setsonmathlearning.42.Afterfailingagainandagain,mostanimalsgiveuphope.43.Informingstudentsaboutthebrainasalearningmachineisagoodstrategytoenhancetheirmotivationforlearning.44.Peoplewithafixedmind-setbelievethatone\'sintelligenceisunchangeable.45.Intheworkplace,feedbackmaynotbesowelcometomanagerswithafixedmind-set.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshould第73页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Asapersonwhowritesaboutfoodanddrinkforaliving。Icouldn’ttellyouthefirstthingaboutBillPerryorwhetherthebeershesellsarethatgreat．ButIcantellyouthatIlikethisguy．That’sbecauseheplanstobantippinginfavorofpayinghisserversanactuallivingwageIhatetipping．Ihateitbecauseit’sanobligationdisguisedasanoption．Ihateitforthepost—dinnermathitrequiresofme．Butmostly．IhatetippingbecauseIbelievelwouldbeinabetterplaceifpaydecisionsregardingemployeesweresimplyleftuptotheiremployers，asisthecustominvirtuallyeveryotherindustry．Mostofyouprobablythinkthatyouhatetipping，too．Researchsuggestsotherwise．Youactuallylovetipping!Youliketofeelthatyouhaveavoiceinhowmuchmoneyyourservermakes．Nomatterhowthemathworksout，youpersistentlyviewrestaurantswithvoluntarytippingsystemsasbeingabettervalue，whichmakesitextremelydifficultforrestaurantsandbarstodoawaywiththetippingsystem．Oneargumentthatyoutendtohearalotfromthepr0—tippingcrowdseemslogicalenough：theserviceisbetterwhenwaitersdependontips，presumablybecausetheyseeabenefittosuccessfullyveilingtheircontemptforyou．Well．ifthisweretrue．wewouldallbeslippingafewl00-dollarbillstoourdoctorson-thewayouttheirdoors，too．Butasitturnsout，waitersseeonlyatinybumpintipswhentheydoanexceptionaljobcomparedtoapassableone．Waiters，keenobserversofhumanitythattheyare．arecatchingontothis；inonepoll，afull30％saidtheydidn’tbelievethejobtheydidhadanyimpactonthetipstheyreceived．Socomeon，folks：getonboardwithditchingtheoutdatedtipsystem．Payalittlemoreupfrontforyourbeerorburger．SupportBillPerry’spub，andanyotherbarorrestaurantthatdoesn’taskyoutododrunkenmath．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46．WhatcanwelearnaboutBillPerryfromthepassage?A)Herunsapubthatservesexcellentbeer．B）Heintendstogetridofthetippingpractice．第74页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Hegiveshisstaffaconsiderablesumfortips．D）Helivescomfortablywithoutgettinganytips．47．Whatisthemainreasonwhytheauthorhatestipping?A)Itsetsabadexampleforotherindustries．B）Itaddstotheburdenofordinarycustomers．C）Itforcesthecustomertocompensatethewaiter．D）Itposesagreatchallengeforcustomerstodomath．48．Whydomanypeoplelovetippingaccordingtotheauthor?A)Theyhelpimprovethequalityoftherestaurantstheydinein．B）Theybelievewaitersdeservesuchrewardsforgoodservice．C）Theywanttopreserveawonderfultraditionoftheindustry．D）Theycanhavesomesayinhowmuchtheirserversearn．49．Whathavesomewaiterscometorealizeaccordingtoasurvey?A)Servicequalityhaslittleeffectontipsize．B）Itisinhumannaturetotrytosaveontips．C）Tipsmakeitmoredifficulttopleasecustomers．D）Tipsbenefitthebossratherthantheemployees．50．Whatdoestheauthorargueforinthepassage?A)Restaurantsshouldcalculatethetipsforcustomers．B）Customersshouldpaymoretipstohelpimproveservice．C）Waitersdeservebetterthanjustrelyingontipsforaliving．D）Waitersshouldbepaidbyemployersinsteadofcustomers．PassageTwoPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inthepast，fallingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy，butrecentforecastsforglobalgrowthhavebeentoneddown．evenasoilpricessinklowerandlower．Doesthatmeanthelink第75页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)betweenloweroilpricesandgrowthhasweakened?Someexpertssaytherearestillgoodreasonstobelievecheapoilshouldheatuptheworldeconomy．Consumershavemoremoneyintheirpocketswhenthey’repayinglessatthepump．Theyspendthatmoneyoffotherthings，whichstimulatestheeconomy．ThebiggestgainsgotocountriesthatimportmostoftheiroillikeChina．Japan．andIndia．Butdoesn\'ttheextramoneyinthepocketsofthosecountries\'consumersmeananequallossinoil-producingcountries,cancellingoutthegains?Notnecessarily,sayeconomicresearcherSaraJohnson."Manyoilproducersbuiltuphugereservefundswhenpriceswerehigh,sowhenpricesfalltheywilldrawontheirreservestosupportgovernmentspendingandsubsidies(补贴)fortheirconsumers.Butnotalloilproducershavebigreserves.InVenezuela,collapsingoilpriceshavesentitseconomyintofree-fall.EconomistCarlWeinbergbelievesthenegativeeffectsofplungingoilpricesareoverwhelmingthepositiveeffectsofcheaperoil.Theimplicationisasharpdeclineinglobaltrade,whichhasplungedpartlybecauseoil-producingnationscan\'taffordtoimportasmuchastheyusedto.SaraJohnsonacknowledgesthattheglobaleconomicbenefitfromafallinoilpricestodayislikelylowerthanitwasinthepast.Onereasonisthatmorecountriesarebigoilproducersnow,sothenationssufferingfromthepricedropaccountforalargershareoftheglobaleconomy.Consumers,intheU.S.atleast,areactingcautiouslywiththesavingsthey\'regettingatthegaspump,asthememoryoftherecentgreatrecessionisstillfreshintheirmind.Andanumberofoil-producingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes,sothenetsavingsforglobalconsumersisnotasbigastheoilpriceplungemightsuggest.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A）Thereasonsbehindtheplungeofoilprices.B）Possiblewaystostimulatetheglobaleconomy.C）Theimpactofcheapoilonglobaleconomicgrowth.D）Theeffectoffallingoilpricesonconsumerspending.52.Whydosomeexpertsbelievecheapoilwillstimulatetheglobaleconomy?A）Manufacturerscanproduceconsumergoodsatamuchlowercost.B）Loweroilpriceshavealwaysgivenabigboosttotheglobaleconomy.第76页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Oilpricesmayriseorfallbuteconomiclawsarenotsubjecttochange.D）Consumerswillspendtheirsavingsfromcheapoilonothercommodities.53.Whathappensinmanyoil-exportingcountrieswhenoilpricesgodown?A）Theysuspendimportofnecessitiesfromoverseas.B）Theyreduceproductiondrasticallytoboostoilprices.C）Theyusetheirmoneyreservestobackupconsumption.D）Theytrytostoptheireconomyfromgoingintofree-fall.54.HowdoesCarlWeinbergviewthecurrentoilpriceplunge?A）Itisonethathasseennoparallelineconomichistory.B）Itsnegativeeffectsmorethancanceloutitspositiveeffects.C）Itstillhasachancetogiverisetoaboomintheglobaleconomy.D）Itseffectsontheglobaleconomygoagainstexistingeconomiclaws.55.Whyhaven\'tfallingoilpricesboostedtheglobaleconomyastheydidbefore?A）Peoplearenotspendingallthemoneytheysaveongas.B）Theglobaleconomyislikelytoundergoanotherrecession.C）Oilimportersaccountforalargerportionoftheglobaleconomy.D）Peopletheworldoverareafraidofafurtherplungeinoilprices.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.在中国文化中，黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义。在圭蝗(feudal)社会中，它象征统治者的权力和权威。那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。在中国，黄色也是收获的象征。秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答第77页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)答案1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950KOJDGBEMLCFCIFGEAJDHBCDAD5152535455CDCBC2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷一(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.第78页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A）TheInternationalLabourOrganization"skeyobjective.B）Thebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable.C）Risingunemploymentworldwide.D）Globaleconomicrecovery.2.A）Manycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughjobs.B）Fewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomiccrisis.C）Fewcountrieshaverealizedtheseriousnessofthecurrentcrisis.D）Manycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeople"slivelihood.Questions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.3.A）Servestandardizedfoodnationwide.B）Putcalorieinformationonthemenu.C）Increaseproteincontentinthefood.D）Offerconvenientfoodtocustomers.4.A）Theywillbefined.B）Theywillbeclosed.C）Theywillgetawarning.D）Theywilllosecustomers.Questions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A）Inabilitytoimplementtheirbusinessplans.B）Inabilitytokeepturningoutnovelproducts.C）Lackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirown.D）Failuretointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.第79页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)6.A）Itisthesecrettobusinesssuccess.B）Itisthecreationofsomethingnew.C）Itisamagictooltobringbigrewards.D）Itisanessentialpartofbusinessculture.7.A）Itshardworkingemployees.B）Itsflexiblepromotionstrategy.C）Itsinnovationculture.D）Itswillingnesstomakeinvestments.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A）He"sgotaddictedtotechnology.B）Heisnotverygoodatsocializing.C）Heiscrazyabouttext-messaging.D）Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.9.A）Talkbig.B）Talkatlength.C）Gossipalot.D）Forgetherself.10.A）Hethoughtitwascool.B）Heneededthepractice.C）Hewantedtostayconnectedwiththem.第80页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D）Hehadanurgentmessagetosend.11.A）Itposesachallengetoseniors.B）Itsavesbothtimeandmoney.C）Itischildishandunprofessional.D）Itiscoolandconvenient.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A）Hewantstochangehisjobassignment.B）Heisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanager.C）Hethinkshedeservesextrapayforovertime.D）Heisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhisboss.13.A）Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy.B）Hisimmediatebossdidnottrusthim.C）Hiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtocooperate.D）Hissalarywastoolowforhisresponsibility.14.A）Heneverknowshowtorefuse.B）Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.C）Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim.D）Hisbosshasnosenseoffairness.15.A）Putallhiscomplaintsinwriting.B）Waitandseewhathappensnext.C）Learntosaynowhennecessary.D）Talktohisbossinpersonfirst.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfour第81页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)questions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A）Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife.B）ReasonsforAmericans"declineinsleep.C）Sometipstoimprovethequalityofsleep.D）Diseasesassociatedwithlackofsleep.17.A）Theyaremorehealth-conscious.B）Theyarechangingtheirlivinghabits.C）Theygetlessandlesssleep.D）Theyknowthedangersoflackofsleep.18.A）Theirweightwillgodown.B）Theirmindfunctionwilldeteriorate.C）Theirworkefficiencywilldecrease.D）Theirbloodpressurewillrise.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A）Howmuchyoucanaffordtopay.B）Whatcourseyouaregoingtochoose.C）Whichuniversityyouaregoingtoapplyto.D）Whenyouaregoingtosubmityourapplication.20.A）Thelistofcoursesstudied.B）Thefullrecordofscores.C）Thereferencesfromteachers.D）Thepersonalstatement.第82页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)21.A）Specifywhattheywouldliketodoaftergraduation.B）Describeindetailhowmuchtheywouldenjoystudying.C）Indicatetheyhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject.D）Emphasizethattheyadmiretheprofessorsintheuniversity.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A）Itwasequippedwithrubbertypes.B）Itwasbuiltinthelate19thcentury.C）ItwaspurchasedbytheRoyalfamily.D）ItwasdesignedbyanEnglishengineer.23.A）Theyconsumedlotsofpetrol.B）Theytooktwopassengersonly.C）Theyweredifficulttodrive.D）Theyoftenbrokedown.24.A）Theywereproducedontheassemblyline.B）Theywerebuiltwithlesscostlymaterials.C）TheyweremodeledafterBritishcars.D）Theyweremadeforordinaryuse.25.A）Itmadenewsallovertheworld.B）ItwasbuiltfortheRoyalfamily.C）Itmarkedanewerainmotortravel.D）Itattractedlargenumbersofmotorists.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)第83页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood,andthere"sgrowingevidencethatithelpsthebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown,(26)_______tohavehigherGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina(27)_______of14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityandacademic(28)_______,investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved,thebettertheirgradeswereinschool,(29)_______inthebasicsubjectsofmath,Englishandreading.Thedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducationclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto(30)_______onsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.(31)_______inrecentyears,someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheplayground.Butasthesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe(32)_______exclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood(33)_______tothebrain,fuelingmemory,attentionandcreativity,whichare(34)_______tolearning.Andexercisereleaseshormonesthatcanimprove(35)_______andrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey"rerunningaround,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A.attendanceB.consequentlyC.currentD.depressingE.droppingF.essentialG.feasibleH.flowI.moodJ.mutuallyK.particularlyL.performanceM.reviewN.surviveO.tend第84页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.FindingtheRightHome—andContentment,Too[A]Whenyourelderlyrelativeneedstoentersomesortoflong-termcarefacility—amomentfewparentsorchildrenapproachwithoutfear—whatyouwouldlikeistohaveeverythingmadeclear.[B]Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners?Arenursinghomesasbadaspeoplefear,oristhatanout-modedstereotype(固定看法)?Candoingone"shomeworkreallysteerfamiliestothebestplaces?Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow.[C]Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenotnecessarilythethingsthatmakeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtomovein.Iamnottalkingaboutthequalityofcare,letmehastilyadd.Nobodyflourishesinagloomyenvironmentwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrecord.Butanaccumulatingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsomedistinctionsbetweenonetypeofeldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo.[D]Themostrecentofthesestudies,publishedinTheJournalofAppliedGerontology,surveyed150Connecticutresidentsofassistedliving,nursinghomesandsmallerresidentialcarehomes(knowninsomestatesasboardandcarehomesoradultcarehomes).ResearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenteraskedtheresidentsalargenumberofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife,emotionalwell-beingandsocialinteraction,aswellasaboutthequalityofthefacilities.[E]"Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,"saidtheleadauthorofthestudy,JulieRobison,anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity.Areasonableassumption—don"tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan"t?第85页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)[F]Intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction.[G]Butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables,suchdifferencesdisappeared.Itisnotthehousingtype,theyfound,thatcreatesdifferencesinresidents"responses."Itisthecharacteristicsofthespecificenvironmenttheyarein,combinedwiththeirownpersonalcharacteristics—howhealthytheyfeeltheyare,theirageandmaritalstatus,"Dr.Robisonexplained.Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant.[H]Anelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving(evenifherchildrenpreferredit)thaninanursinghome.Apersonwhohadinputintowherehewouldmoveandhashadtimetoadapttoitmightdoaswellinanursinghomeasinasmallresidentialcarehome,otherfactorsbeingequal.Itisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandtheplace,notthesortofplaceinitself,thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences."Youcan"tjustsay,Let"sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinsteadofanursinghome—shewillbemuchbetteroff,"Dr.Robisonsaid.Whatmatters,sheadded,"isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem,andwhattheyfindthere."[I]Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving,forinstance,UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables—thefacility"stype,sizeorage;whetherachainownedit;howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness,mentaldecline,hospitalizationsormortality.Whatmatteredmostwastheresidents"physicalhealthandmentalstatus.Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedoncetheywerethere.[J]AsIwasconsideringallthis,apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk,announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.Asamatteroffact,consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities,thelowestrated,thanwiththefive-starones.(Moreonthisstudyandthestarratingswillappearinasubsequentpost.)[K]Beforewecollectivelytearourhairout—howarewesupposedtofindourwayina第86页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)landscapethisconfusing?—hereisathoughtfromDr.PhilipSloane,ageriatrician(老年病学专家)attheUniversityofNorthCarolina:"Inaway,thatcouldbeliberatingforfamilies."[L]Ofcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies,anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon"thavetommthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsorCongressionalsubcommittees."Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy,"Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryimportant.[M]Weallhaveourownideasaboutwhatwouldbringourparentshappiness.Theyhavetheirideas,too.Afriendrecentlytookhermothertovisitanexpensiveassistedliving/nursinghomenearmytown.Ihaveseenthisplace—itiselegant,insideandout.Butnobodygreetedthedaughterandmotherwhentheyarrived,thoughthevisithadbeenplanned;nobodyintroducedthemtotheotherresidents.Whentheyhadlunchinthediningroom,theysataloneatatable.[N]Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch,thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursinghomefortheirparents.37.Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant.38.Itisreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursinghome.39.Howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.40.Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.41.41.ThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryplace.第87页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)42.Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction.43.43.Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.44.Thefindingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-statestudyofassistedliving.45.Aresident"ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.OneAsArtificialIntelligence(AI)becomesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it"snecessarytotranslateourmoralsintoAIlanguage.Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn’twantittoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren."Youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,"saidRussell.Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn’tthinkthat"sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.第88页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtodosufficienttestingandthey"veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo(禁忌).Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation.Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithastheopportunitytostop,sendoutbeeps(嘟嘟声),andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.Ifwehumansaren’tquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksomebodyelse.Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveismoral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules.Butifwecomeupwithananswer,robotscouldbegoodforhumanity.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots?A）Itmayconstituteachallengetocomputerprogrammers.B）Itaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology.C）Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage.D）Ithasbecomeaninevitableperilastechnologygetsmoresophisticated.47.Whatwouldwethinkofapersonwhoinvadesourpersonalspaceaccordingtotheauthor?A）Theyareaggressive.B）Theyareoutgoing.C）Theyareignorant.D）Theyareill-bred.48.Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues?A）Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituations.B）Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeings.第89页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior.D）Byimitatingthebehaviorofproperlybrought-uphumanbeings.49.Whatwillawell-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation?A）Keepadistancefrompossibledangers.B）Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing.C）Triggeritsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce.D）Dosufficienttestingbeforetakingaction.50.Whatismostdifficulttodowhenweturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode?A）Determinewhatismoralandethical.B）Designsomelarge-scaleexperiments.C）Setrulesforman-machineinteraction.D）Developamoresophisticatedprogram.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandardexplanations:keepingamoderatediet,engaginginregularexercise,etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity(长寿)?Dosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives?AnewstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100.Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing,moreactiveandlessneurotic(神经质的)thanotherpeople.Long-livingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympatheticandcooperativethanwomenwithanormallifespan.Thesefindingsareinagreementwithwhatyouwouldexpectfromtheevolutionarytheory:thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes.Interestingly,however,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined,forinstance,werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.Also,beingopentonewideashadnorelationshiptolonglife,第90页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)whichmightexplainallthosebad-temperedoldpeoplewhoarefixedintheirways.Whetheryoucansuccessfullychangeyourpersonalityasanadultisthesubjectofalongstandingpsychologicaldebate.Butthenewpapersuggeststhatifyouwantlonglife,youshouldstrivetobeasoutgoingaspossible.Unfortunately,anotherrecentstudyshowsthatyourmother"spersonalitymayalsohelpdetermineyourlongevity.Thatstudylookedatnearly28,000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemornswhoweremoreanxious,depressedandangryweremorelikelytofeedtheirkidsunhealthydiets.Patternsofchildhoodeatingcanbehardtobreakwhenwe"readults,whichmaymeanthatkidsofdepressedmornsendupdyingyounger.Personalityisn’tdestiny(命运),andeveryoneknowsthatindividualscanlearntochange.Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn’tjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51.TheaimofthestudyintheJournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSocietyis______.A)toseewhetherpeople"spersonalityaffectstheirlifespanB)tofindoutifone"slifestylehasanyeffectontheirhealthC)toinvestigatetheroleofexerciseinlivingalonglifeD)toexamineallthefactorscontributingtolongevity52.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutoutgoingandsympatheticpeople?A)Theyhaveagoodunderstandingofevolution.B）Theyarebetteratnegotiatinganagreement.C）Theygenerallyappearmoreresourceful.D）Theyaremorelikelytogetoverhardship.53.Whatfindingofthestudymightprovesomewhatoutofourexpectation?A)Easy-goingpeoplecanalsolivearelativelylonglife.B）Personalitycharacteristicsthatproveadvantageousactuallyvarywithtimes.C）Suchpersonalitycharacteristicsasself-disciplinehavenoeffectonlongevity.D）Readinesstoacceptnewideashelpsoneenjoylongevity.第91页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)54.WhatdoestherecentstudyofNorwegianmothersshow?A)Children"spersonalitycharacteristicsareinvariablydeterminedbytheirmothers.B）Peoplewithunhealthyeatinghabitsarelikelytodiesooner.C）Mothers"influenceonchildrenmaylastlongerthanfathers".D）Mothers"negativepersonalitycharacteristicsmayaffecttheirchildren"slifespans.55.Whatcanwelearnfromthefindingsofthetwonewstudies?A)Anxietyanddepressionmoreoftenthannotcutshortone"slifespan.B）Longevityresultsfromacombinationofmentalandphysicalhealth.C）Personalityplaysadecisiveroleinhowhealthyoneis.D）Healthisinlargepartrelatedtoone"slifestyle.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.功夫(KungFu)是中国武术(martialarts)的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。第92页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)答案【参考作文】DearLiMing,I’mwritingthislettertoexpressmydeepthankstoyouforhelpingmeoutwhenIfailedinmyfirstcollegeentranceexamination.ItisnoexaggerationtosaythatitwastheworsttimeofmylifewhenIcompletelylostthefaithinmylifeandbegantoabandonmyself.Thenyoucametoencouragemenottogiveup.ItwasyouwhoconvincedmethatthefailuretocollegeentranceexaminationshouldnotbetheendofmyeffortsandthatIshouldpullmyselftogethertogivemyselfasecondchance;otherwise,Iwouldbecomearealloser.Thankstosuchafrankfriendasyou,Irestoredmyconfidence,andfinallyfulfilledmycollegedream.Thanksagain,fromthebottomofmyheart,mydearfriend.Bestwishes!第93页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Yourssincerely,MarySectionA1.C)Risingunemploymentworldwide.2.A)Manycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughjobs.3.B)Putcalorieinformationonthemenu.4.A)Theywillbefined.5.D)Failuretointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.6.B)Itisthecreationofsomethingnew.7.C)Itsinnovationculture.SectionB8.D)Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.9.B)Talkatlength.10.A)Hethoughtitwascool.11.C)Itischildishandunprofessional.12.B)Heisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanager.13.A)Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy.14.C)Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim.15.D)Talktohisbossinpersonfirst.SectionC16.A)Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife.17.C)Theygetlessandlesssleep.18.D)Theirbloodpressurewillrise.19.B)Whatcourseyouaregoingtochoose.20.D)Thepersonalstatement.第94页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)21.C)Indicatetheyhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject.22.B)Itwasbuiltinthelate19thcentury.23.D)Theyoftenbrokedown.24.A)Theywereproducedontheassemblyline.25.C)Itmarkedanewerainmotortravel.SectionA26.O)tend27.M)review28.L)performance29.K)particularly30.N)survive31.E)dropping32.J)mutually33.H)flow34.F)essential35.I)moodSectionB36.E）“Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,”......37.L）Ofcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,......38.B）Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,......39.H）Anelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,......40.N）Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,......41.J）AsIwasconsideringallthis,apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk，......第95页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)42.F）Intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.......43.C）Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlives......44.I）Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.......45.G）Butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables,suchdifferencesdisappeared.......SectionC46.C)Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage.47.D)Theyareill-bred.48.C)Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior.49.B)Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing.50.A)Determinewhatismoralandethical.51.A)toseewhetherpeople\'spersonalityaffectstheirlifespan52.D)Theyaremorelikelytogetoverhardship.53.C)Suchpersonalitycharacteristicsasself-disciplinehavenoeffectonlongevity.54.D)Mothers\'negativepersonalitycharacteristicsmayaffecttheirchildren\'slifespan.55.B)Longevityresultsfromacombinationofmentalandphysicalhealth.【翻译】KungFuisthefolknameofChinesemartialarts,whichcanbetracedbacktotheneedofself-defense,hunting,andmilitarydrillinancientChina.ItisoneoftheChina’straditionalsportspracticedbyboththeyoungandtheold.IthasgraduallyevolvedintoauniqueelementoftheChineseculture.AsanationaltreasureofChina,KungFu,themost-practicedformofmartialartsintheworld,enjoyshundredsofvariousstyles.Somestylesimitatethemovementsofanimals,whileothersareinspiredbyChinesephilosophicalthoughts,mythsandlegends.第96页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷二(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoyourparentsoranyotherfamilymemberuponmakingamemorableachievement．Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。第97页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A）Howcollegestudentscanhandletheirpsychologicalproblems．B）Whycollegestudentsaremorelikelytohavestressproblems．C）Whysufficientsleepisimportantforcollegestudents．D）Howcollegestudentscanimprovetheirsleephabits．2．A）Itisnoteasytoimproveone’ssleephabits．B）Itisnotgoodforstudentstoplayvideogames．C）Makinglast．minutepreparationsfortestsmaybelesseffectivethansleeping．D）StudentswhoarebetterpreparedgenerallygethigherscoresinexaminationsQuestions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.3.A）WhetheradequateinvestmentisbeingmadetoimproveairportfacilitiesB）WhethertheBritishAirportsAuthorityshouldselloffsomeofitsassets．C）WhethertheSpanishcompanycouldofferbetterservice．D）WhethermoreairportsshouldbebuiltaroundLondon．4.A）Poorownershipstructure．C）Lackofinnovationandcompetition．B）Inefficientmanagement．第98页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D）Lackofrunwayandterminalcapacity．Questions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A）Studytheeffectsofnicotineonyoungsmokers．B）Setalimittotheproductionoftheircigarettes．C）Takestepstoreducenicotineintheirproducts．D）Reportthenicotinecontentoftheircigarettes．6．A）Thebiggestincreaseinnicotinecontenttendedtobeinbrandsyoungsmokerslike．B）Brandswhichcontainhighernicotinecontentwerefoundtobemuchmorepopular．C）Tobaccocompaniesrefusedtodiscussthedetailednicotinecontentoftheirproducts．D）Bigtobaccocompanieswereflankwiththeircustomersaboutthehazardsofsmoking．7．A）Theywillpaymoreattentiontothequalityoftheirproducts．B）Theywerenotpreparedtocommentonthecigarettestudy．C）Theypromisedtoreducethenicotinecontentincigarettes．D）Theyhavenotfullyrealizedtheharmfuleffectofnicotine．SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A）Holland．B）Indonesia．C）England．第99页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)D）Sweden．9．A）TalkingwithherboyfriendinDutch．B）Gettingacoachwhocanofferrealhelp．C）Acquiringthenecessaryabilitytosocialize．D）Learningalanguagewhereitisnotspoken．10．A）Practicingreadingaloudasoftenaspossible．B）Listeningtolanguageprogramsontheradio．C）Tryingtospeakitasmuchasonecan．D）Makingfriendswithnativespeakers．11．A）Itprovidesopportunitiesforlanguagepractice．B）Ittrainsyoungpeople’sleadershipabilities．C）Itoffersvariouscourseswithcreditpoints．D）Itcreatesanenvironmentforsocializing．Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A）Asenseoffreedomdrivinggives．B）Rulesandregulationsfordriving．C）Therolepolicemenplayintrafficsafety．D）Theimpactofenginedesignonroadsafety．13.A）Makecarswithautomaticcontrol．B）Makecarswithhigherstandards．C）Makecarsthatarelesspowerful．D）Makecarsthathavebetterbrakes．14．A）Theyfollowtrafficrulesclosely．B）Theykeepwithinspeedlimits．第100页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Theyliketogoathighspeed．D）Theytendtodriveresponsibly．15.A）Itisabadidea．B）Itisaseffectiveasspeedbumps．C）Itisnotuseful．D）Itshouldbecombinedwitheducation．SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A）Thecardgotdamaged．B）Thecardwasfoundinvalid．C）Thecardreaderbrokedownunexpectedly．D）Thecardreaderfailedtodothescanning．17．A）ByseekinghelpfromthecardreadermakerVerifone．B）Bycoveringthecreditcardwithalayerofplastic．C）Bycallingthecreditcardcompanyforconfirmation．D）Bytypingthecreditcardnumberintothecashregister．18．A）Producemanylow-techfixesforhigh．techfailures．B）Givebirthtomanynewtechnologicalinventions．C）ChangethelifestyleofmanyAmericans．D）Affectthesalesofhigh．techappliances．第101页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A）Theyvaryamongdifferentdepartments．B）Theyleavemuchroomforimprovement．C）Theyaredeterminedbytheadvisingboard．D）Theyaresetbythedeanofthegraduateschool．20.A）Byconsultingtheexaminingcommittee．B）ByreadingtheBulletinofInformation．C）Byvisitingtheuniversity’swebsite．D）Bycontactingthedepartmentaloffice．21．A）Theyarehardertomeetthanthoseforundergraduates．B）Theyspecifythenumberofcreditsstudentsmustearn．C）Theyhavetobeapprovedbytheexaminingcommittee．D）Theyarethesameamongvariousdivisionsoftheuniversity．Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A）Ph．D.candidatesindieting．B）Studentsmajoringinnutrition．C）Studentsinhealthclasses．D）Middleandhighschoolteachers．23.A）Itsoveremphasisonthinness．B）Itschangingcriteriaforbeauty．C）Itsmistakenconceptionofnutrition．D）Itsoverestimateoftheeffectofdieting．24．A）Todemonstratethemagiceffectofdietingonwomen．第102页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)B）Toexplainhowcomputerimagescanbemisleading．C）Toprovethattechnologyhasimpactedourculture．D）Toillustrateherpointthatbeautyisbutskindeep．25．A）Tohelpstudentsridthemselvesofbadlivinghabits．B）Toestablishanemotionalconnectionwithstudents．C）Topromoteherownconceptofbeauty．D）Topersuadegirlstostopdieting．PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Signsbarringcell—phoneuseareafamiliarsighttoanyonewhohaseversatinahospitalwaitingroom．Butthe(26)_______popularityofelectronicmedicalrecordshasforcedhospital．baseddoctorstobecome(27)_______oncomputersthroughouttheday,anddesktops—whichkeepdoctorsfrombedsides—are(28)_______givingwaytowirelessdevices．Asclericalloadsincreased，“somethinghadto(29)_______．andthatwasalwaysfacetimewithpatients．”saysDr．BhaktiPatel．aformerchiefresidentintheUniversityofChicago’sintenal-medicineprogram．Infall2010，shehelped(30)_______apilotprojectinChicagotoseeiftheiPadcouldimproveworkingconditionsandpatientcare．Theexperimentwasso(31)_______thatallinternal．medicineresidentsattheuniversitynowgetiPadswhentheybegintheprogram．Johns第103页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Hopkins’internal．medicineprogramadoptedthesame(32)_______in2011．MedicalschoolsatYaleandStanfordnowhavepaperless．iPad-basedcurriculums．“You’11wantaniPadjustsoyoucanwearthis”isthesloganforoneofthenewlabcoats(33)_______withlargepocketstoaccommodatetabletcomputers．AstudyoftheUniversityofChicagoiPadprojectfoundthatpatientsgottestsand(34)_______fasteriftheywerecaredforbyiPad．equippedresidents．Manypatientsalso(35)_______abetterunderstandingoftheillnessesmatlandedtheminthehospitalinthefirstplace．(35)_______andrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey"rerunningaround,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE．gainedF．giveG．growingH．LaunchI．policyJ．prospectK．ratherL．reliableM．signalN．successfulO．treatmentsSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.AncientGreekWisdomInspiresGuidelinestoGoodLife[A]Isitpossibletoenjoyapeacefullifeinaworldthatisincreasinglychallengedbythreatsanduncertaintiesfromwars，terrorism，economiccrisesandawidespreadoutbreakofinfectiousdiseases?Theanswerisyes，accordingtoanewbookThe10GoldenRules．"AncientWisdomfromtheGreekPhilosophersonLivingaGoodLife．Thebookisco-authoredbyLongIsland第104页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)University’sphilosophyprofessorMichaelSoupiosandeconomicsprofessorPanosMourdoukoutas．[B]ThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless，saysSoupios．Thephilosophyprofessorsaysitisasrelevanttodayaswhenitwasfirstwrittenmanycenturiesago．“Thereisnoexpiration(失效)dateonwisdom．”hesays．“Thereisnoshelflifeonintelligence．Ithinkthatthingshavebecomeverygloomythesedays，lotsofmisunderstanding，misleadingcues，alotofwhattheancientswouldhavecalledsophistry(诡辩)．ThenicethingaboutancientphilosophyasofferedbytheGreeksisthattheytendedtoseelifeclearandwhole，inawaythatwetendnottoseelifetoday．”Examineyourlife[C]Soupios，alongwithhisco—authorPanosMourdoukoutas，developedtheir10goldenrulesbyturningtothemenbehindthatphilosophy—Aristotle，Socrates，EpictetusandPythagoras，amongothers．Thefirstrule—examineyourlife—isthecommonthreadthatrunsthroughtheentirebook．SoupiossaysthatitisbasedonPlato’sobservationthattheunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving．“TheGreeksarealwaysconcernedaboutboxingthemselvesin，intermsofconvictions(信念)，”hesays．“Sotakeastepback，switchofftheautomaticpilotandactuallystopandreflectaboutthingslikeourpriorities，ourvalues，andourrelationships．”Stopworryingaboutwhatyoucannotcontrol[D]Aswebegintoexamineourlife，Soupiossays，wecometoRuleNo．2：Worryonlyaboutthingsthatyoucancontrol．“TheindividualwhopromotedthisideawasaStoicphilosopher．HisnameisEpictetus，”hesays．“AndwhattheStoicssayingeneralissimplythis：Thereisalargerplaninlife．Youarenotreallygoingtobeabletounderstandallofthedimensionsofthisplan．Youarenotgoingtobeabletocontrolthedimensionsofthisplan．”[E]So，Soupiosexplains，itisnotworthittowasteourphysical，intellectualandspiritualenergyworryingaboutthingsthatarebeyondourcontrol．“Icannotcontrolwhetherornotlwindupgettingthediseaseswineflu，forexample，”hesays．“Imean，therearesomecautiousstepsIcantake，butultimatelyIcannotguaranteemyselfthat．SowhatEpictetuswouldsayissittingathomeworryingaboutthatwouldbewrongandwastefulandirrational．Youshouldliveyourlifeattemptingtoidentifyandcontrolthosethingswhichyoucangenuinelycontrol．’’Seektruepleasure[F]Tohaveameaningful，happylifeweneedfriends．ButaccordingtoAristotle—astudentof第105页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)PlatoandteacherofAlexandertheGreat—mostrelationshipsdon’tqualifyastruefriendships．“JustbecauseIhaveabusinessrelationshipwithanindividual．Inourpursuitofthegoodlife，hesays，itisimportanttoseekouttruepleasures—advicewhichwasoriginallyofferedbyEpicurus．ButunlikethemodemdefinitionofEpicureanismasalifeofindulgence(放纵)andluxury,fortheancientGreeks，itmeantfindingastateofcalm，peaceandmentalease．[G]DualandIcanprofitfromthatrelationship．itdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthispersonismyfriend，”Soupiossays．“Realfriendshipiswhentwoindividualssharethesamesoul．ItisabeautifulanduncharacteristicallypoeticimagethatAristotleoffers．”[H]“ThiswasthehighestandmostdesirableformofpleasureandhappinessfortheancientEpicureans，”Soupiossays．“Thisissomethingthatisverymuchwellworthconsideringhereinthemodemera．Idonotthinkthatwespendnearlyenoughtimetryingtoconcentrateonachievingasortofcalmness，asortofcontentmentinamentalandspiritualway,whichwasidentifiedbythesepeopleasthehighestformofhappinessandpleasure．”Dogoodtoothers[I]Othergoldenrulescounselustomasterourselves，toavoidexcessandnottobeaprosperous(发迹的)fool．Therearealsorulesdealingwithinterpersonalrelationships：Bearesponsiblehumanbeinganddonotdoevilthingstoothers．[J]“ThisisHesiod，ofcourse，ayoungercontemporarypoet，webelieve，withHomer,”Soupiossays．“Hesiodoffersanidea—whichyouveryoftenfindinsomeoftheworld’sgreatreligions。intheJudeo—ChristiantraditionandinIslamandothers——thatinsomesense、whenyouhurtanotherhumanbeing，youhurtyourself．Thatdamagingotherpeopleinyourcommunityandinyourlife，trashingrelationships，resultsinakindofself-inflicted(自己招致的)spiritualwound．”[K]Instead，Soupiossays，ancientwisdomurgesustodogood．GoldenRuleNo．10foragoodlifeisthatkindnesstowardotherstendstoberewarded．[L]“ThisisAesop，thefabulist(寓言家)，themanofthesecharminglittletales，oftentoldintermsofanimalsandanimalrelationships．”hesays．“IthinkwhatAesopwassuggestingisthatwhenyouofferagoodrumtoanotherhumanbeing，onecanhopethatthatgooddeedwillcomebackandsortofpayaprofittoyou，thedoerofthegooddeed．Evenifthereisnoconcretebenefitpaidinresponsetoyourgooddeed，attheveryleast，thedoerofthegooddeedhastheopportunitytoenjoyakindofspirituallyenlightenedmoment，”第106页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)[M]Soupiossaysfollowingthe10GoldenRulesbasedonancientwisdomcanguideustothepathofthegoodlifewherewestoplivingasonlookersandbecomeengagedandhappierhumanbeings．Andthat，henotes，isalifeworthliving．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36．AccordingtoanancientGreekphilosopher,itisimpossibleforustounderstandeveryaspectofourlife．37．Ancientphilosopherssawlifeinadifferentlightfrompeopleoftoday．38．Notallyourbusinesspartnersareyoursoulmates．39．Wecanliveapeacefullifedespitethevariouschallengesofthemodemworld．40．Thedoerofagooddeedcanfeelspirituallyrewardedevenwhentheygainnoconcretebenefits．41．Howtoachievementalcalmnessandcontentmentiswellworthourconsiderationtoday．42．MichaelSoupiossuggeststhatweshouldstopandthinkcarefullyaboutourprioritiesinlife．43．Ancientphilosophersstronglyadvisethatwedogood．44．ThewiseteachingsofancientGreekthinkersaretimeless，andareapplicabletocontemporarylife．45．Doharmtoothersandyoudoharmtoyourself.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines．Thatis，generallyyoungerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift．Itisnotalwaysthecase．though．Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars，theredoesn’tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide．Thepublicoverallissplitonwhetherthey’dliketouseadriverlesscar．Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed，48percentsaidtheywantedtoridein第107页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)one，while50percentdidnot．Thefactthatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe．Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow—andnoonecangetoneyet—butamongthosewhoareopentothem，everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged．Actually，thisisn’tsurprising．Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies，driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular．Olderadults，especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown，areoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars．Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones．Whenitcomestodriverlesscars，differencesinattitudesaremorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage．Collegegraduates，forexample，areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation：59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh—schooldiplomaorless．Whereapersonlivesmatters，too．Morepeoplewholivedincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas．Wh1ilethere’sreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard．aperson’sagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbecomemainstream．Oncedriverlesscarsareactuallyavailableforsale，theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46．Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges?A）Itfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung．B）Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields．C）Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole．D）Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups．47．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar?A）Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide．B）Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents．第108页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)C）Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry．D）Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations．48．Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?A）Itsavestheirenergy．B）Ithelpswiththeirmobility．C）Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel．D）Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife．49．Whatislikelytoaffectone’sattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?A）Thelocationoftheirresidence．B）Thefieldoftheirspecialinterest．C）Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived．D）Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience．50．Whoarelikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlesscar?A）Theseniors．B）Theeducated．C）Thewealthy．D）Thetechfans．PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inagrarian(农业的)，pre-industrialEurope，“you’dwanttowakeupearlystartworkingwiththesunrise，haveabreaktohavethelargestmeal，andthenyou’dgobacktowork，”saysKenAlbala，aprofessorofhistoryattheUniversityofthePacific．“Later,at5or6．you’dhaveasmallersupper”Thiscomfortablecycle,inwhichtherhythmsofthedayhelpedshapetherhythmsofthemeals，gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal．eatenwiththeextendedfamily．“Mealsarethefoundationofthefamily”saysCaroleCounihanaprofessoratMillersvilleUniversitynPennsylvaniasotherewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtogether”andstrengtheningfamilyties．第109页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Sinceindustrialization，maintainingsuchaslowculturalmetabolismhasbeenmuchharder,withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoodstand．Certainly,therewerebenefits．Modemtechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendousincreaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable，makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors．Yetplentyhasbeenlosttoo．eveninculturesthatstilllivetoeat．TakeItaly．It’snosecretthattheMediterraneandietishealthy,butitwasalsoajoytoprepareandeat．Italians，saysCounihan，traditionallybeganthedaywithasmallmeal．Thebigmealcameataround1p．m．Inbetweenthemiddaymealandalate,smallerdinnercameasmallsnack．Today,whentimezoneshavelessandlessmeaning，thereislittletoleranceforoffices’closingforlunch，andworseningtrafficincitiesmeansworkerscan’tmakeithomeandbackfastenoughanyway．Sotheformerlysmallsupperaftersundownbecomesthebigmealoftheday,theonlyoneatwhichthefamilyhasachancetogettogether．“Theeveningmealcarriesthefullburdenthatusedtobespreadovertwomeals，”saysCounihan．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51．Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutpeopleinpre—industrialEurope?A）Theyhadtoworkfromearlymorningtilllateatnight．B）Theyweresobusyworkingthattheyonlyatesimplemeals．C）Theirdailyroutinefollowedtherhythmofthenaturalcycle．D）Theirlirewasmuchmorecomfortablethanthatoftoday．52．WhatdoesProfessorCaroleCounihansayaboutpre-industrialEuropeanfamilieseatingmealstogether?A）Itwashelpfultomaintaininganation’stradition．B）Itbroughtfamilymembersclosertoeachother．C）Itwascharacteristicoftheagrarianculture．D）Itenabledfamiliestosavealotofmoney．53．Whatdoes“culturalmetabolism”(Linel，Para．3)referto?第110页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)A）Evolutionaryadaptation．B）Changesinlifestyle．C）Socialprogress．D）Paceoflife．54．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefoodpeopleeattoday?A）Itsqualityisusuallyguaranteed．B）Itisvaried，abundantandnutritious．C）Itismorecostlythanwhatourancestorsate．D）Itsproductiondependstoomuchontechnology．55．WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutItaliansoftheolddays?A）Theyenjoyedcookingaswellaseating．B）Theyateabigdinnerlateintheevening．C）Theyatethreemealsregularlyeveryday．D）Theywereexpertatcookingmeals．PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2400年放飞风筝的历史。传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的。据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。第111页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)答案【参考作文】DearDad,WithFather’sDayapproaching,I’mwritingthislettertogivemythanksandlovetoyouforsupportingmeinservingasavolunteerforteachinginaruralarea,whichisamemorableachievementinmylife.Firstlyofall,thankyouforyourtrustthatIcantakegoodcareofmyselfandsupportformetodomeaningfulthings,whichmadetheexperiencepossible.Secondly,I’dliketothankyouforyourencouragementwhenIwasfrustratedwiththetoughlivingconditionsthere.Whatyoutoldmeaboutlearningfromhardshipsnotonlymademeashamedofmyselfbutalsoinspiredmetopersist.Lastbutnotleast,thankyouforyourimmediatevisitatthenewsthatIfellillduringtheservice.NotuntilthattimedidIrealizehowimportantIaminyourheart.Ibecamemuchmorematureafterthisvoluntaryexperience.Moreimportantly,IgottoknowwhatagreatfatherIhave.Thankyouforteachingmetogrowup.Loveyou!Yours,SweetheartSectionA1.C)Whysufficientsleepisimportantforcollegestudents.2.C)Makinglast-minutepreparationsfortestsmaybelesseffectivethansleeping.3.B)WhethertheBritishAirportsAuthorityshouldselloffsomeofitsassets.4.D)Lackofrunwayandterminalcapacity.5.D)Reportthenicotinecontentoftheircigarettes.6.A)Thebiggestincreaseinnicotinecontenttendedtobeinbrandsyoungsmokerslike.7.B)Theywerenotpreparedtocommentonthecigarettestudy.第112页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)SectionB8.A)Holland.9.D)Learningalanguagewhereitisnotspoken.10.C)Tryingtospeakitasmuchasonecan.11.A)Itprovidesopportunitiesforlanguagepractice.12.B)Rulesandregulationsfordriving.13.C)Makecarsthatarelesspowerful.14.D)Theytendtodriveresponsibly.15.C)Itisnotuseful.SectionC16.D)Thecardreaderfailedtodothescanning.17.B)Bycoveringthecreditcardwithalayerofplastic.18.A)Producemanylow-techfixesforhigh-techfailures.19.A)Theyvaryamongdifferentdepartments.20.D)Bycontactingthedeparmentaloffice.21.B)Theyspecifythenumberofcreditsstudentsmustearn.22.C)Studentsinhealthclasses.23.A)Itsoveremphasisonthinness.24.B)Toexplainhowcomputerimagescanbemisleading.25.C)Topromoteherownconceptofbeauty.SectionA26.G)growing27.A)dependent28.C)fast29.F)give30.H)launch31.N)successful32.I)policy第113页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)33.B)designed34.O)treatments35.E)gainedSectionB36.D)Aswebegintoexamineourlife,Soupiossays,wecometoRuleNo.2:Worryonlyaboutthingsthatyoucancontrol.......37.B)ThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless,saysSoupios.......38.F)Tohaveameaningful,happylifeweneedfriends.ButaccordingtoAristotle—......39.A)Isitpossibletoenjoyapeacefullifeinaworldthatisincreasinglychallengedby......40.L)“ThisisAesop,thefabulist(寓言家),themanofthesecharminglittletales,......41.H)“Thiswasthehighestandmostdesirableformofpleasureandhappinessfor......42.C)Soupios,alongwithhisco-authorPanosMourdoukoutas,developedtheir10goldenrulesbyturningto......43.K)Instead,Soupiossays,ancientwisdomurgesustodogood.GoldenRuleNo.10foragoodlifeisthatkindnesstowardotherstendstoberewarded.44.B)ThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless,saysSoupios.......45.J)“ThisisHesiod,ofcourse,ayoungercontemporarypoet,webelieve,withHomer,”......SectionC46.D)Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups.第114页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)47.A)Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide.48.B)Ithelpswiththeirmobility.49.A)Thelocationoftheirresidence.50.C)Thewealthy.51.C)Theirdailyroutinefollowedtherhythmofthenaturalcycle.52.B)Itbroughtfamilymembersclosertoeachother.53.D)Paceoflife.54.B)Itisvaried,abundantandnutritious.55.A)Theyenjoyedcookingaswellaseating.【翻译】InWeifang,ShandongProvince,kitesarenotonlytoys,butalsoculturalsymbolsofthiscity.Weifangisfamousas“thecapitalofkites”,withahistoryofnearly2,400yearsinflyingkites.LegendhasitthatMozi—theancientChinesephilosopher—spentthreeyearsmakingthefirstkiteoftheworldrightinWeifang,butthekitefellandbrokeonitsfirstdayofflying.ItisalsobelievedthatthekitewasinventedbytheancientChinesecarpenterLuban.Itissaidthathiskitewasmadeofwoodandbamboo,andfliedforthreedaysbeforefallingontheground.第115页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷三(完整版)PartIWriting(25minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourschoolteachersuponenteringcollege.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)说明：2016年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.第116页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Contrarytopopularbelief,olderpeoplegenerallydonotwanttolivewiththeirchildren．Moreover,mostadultchildren(26)_______everybitasmuchcareandsupporttotheiragingparentsaswasthecaseinthe“goodolddays”，andmostolderpeopledonotfeel(27)_______．About80％ofpeople65yearsandolderhavelivingchildren，andabout90％ofthemhave(28)_______contactwiththeirchildren．About75％ofelderlyparentswhodon’tgotonursinghomeslivewithin30minutesofatleastoneoftheirchildren．However,(29)_______havingcontactwithchildrendoesnotguaranteehappinessinoldage．Infact．someresearchhasfoundthatpeoplewhoaremostinvolvedwiththeirfamilieshavethelowestspirits．Thisresearchmaybe(30)_______，however,asillhealthoftenmakesolderpeoplemore(31)_______andtherebyincreasescontactwithfamilymembers．Soitismorelikelythatpoorhealth，notjustfamilyinvolvement，(32)_______spirits．Increasingly,researchershavebeguntolookatthequalityofrelationships，ratherthanatthefrequencyofcontact，betweentheelderlyandtheirchildren．Ifparentsandchildrenshareinterestsandvaluesandagreeonchildrearingpracticesandreligious(33)_______，theyarelikelytoenjoyeachother’scompany．Disagreementsonsuchmatterscan(34)_______causeproblems．Ifparentsareangeredbytheirdaughter’sdivorce，dislikehernewhusband．anddisapproveofhowsheisraisingtheirgrandchildren，(35)_______arethattheyarenotgoingtoenjoyhervisits．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A.abandonedB.advancedC.biasedD.chancesE．commitmentF．dampensG．dependentH．distantI．frequentJ．fulfillmentK．grantL．merelyM．provideN．understandablyO．unrealisticallySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Each第117页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)statementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CouldFoodShortagesBringDownCivilization?[A]FormanyyearsIhavestudiedglobalagricultural，population，environmentalandeconomictrendsandtheirinteractions．Thecombinedeffectsofthosetrendsandthepoliticaltensionstheygeneratepointtothebreakdownofgovernmentsandsocieties．YetI，too，haveresistedtheideathatfoodshortagescouldbringdownnotonlyindividualgovernmentsbutalsoourglobalcivilization．[B]Icannolongerignorethatrisk．Ourcontinuingfailuretodealwiththeenvironmentaldeclinesthatareunderminingtheworldfoodeconomyforcesmetoconcludethatsuchacollapseispossible．[C]Asdemandforfoodrisesfasterthansuppliesaregrowing，theresultingfood．priceinflationputsseverestressonthegovernmentsofmanycountries．Unabletobuygrainorgrowtheirown，hungrypeopletaketothestreets．Indeed，evenbeforethesteepclimbingrainpricesin2008。thenumberoffailingstateswasexpanding．Ifthefoodsituationcontinuestoworsen，entirenationswillbreakdownataneverincreasingrate．Inthe20thcenturythemainthreattointernationalsecuritywassuperpowerconflict；todayitisfailingstates．[D]Statesfailwhennationalgovernmentscannolongerprovidepersonalsecurity,foodsecurityandbasicsocialservicessuchaseducationandhealthcare．Whengovernmentslosetheircontrolonpowerlawandorderbegintodisintegrate．Afterapoint，countriescanbecomesodangerousthatfoodreliefworkersarenolongersafeandtheirprogramsarehalted．Failingstatesareofinternationalconcernbecausetheyareasourceofterrorists，drugs，weaponsandrefugees(难民)threateningpoliticalstabilityeverywhere．[E]Thesurgeinworldgrainpricesin2007and2008～andthethreattheyposetofoodsecurity-hasadifferent，moretroublingqualitythantheincreasesofthepast．Duringthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,grainpricesrosedramaticallyseveraltimes．In1972，forinstance，theSoviets，recognizingtheirpoorharvestearly,quietlycorneredtheworldwheatmarket．Asaresult．wheatpriceselsewheremorethandoubled，pullingriceandcornpricesupwiththem．But第118页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)thisandotherpriceshockswereevent．Driven-droughtintheSovietUnion．Crop-shrinkingheatintheU．S．CornBelt．Andtheriseswereshort-lived：pricestypicallyreturnedtonormalwiththenextharvest．[F]Incontrast，therecentsurgeinworldgrainpricesistrend-driven，makingitunlikelytoreversewithoutareversalinthetrendsthemselves．Onthedemandside．thosetrendsincludetheongoingadditionofmorethan70millionpeopleayear,agrowingnumberofpeoplewantingtomoveupthefoodchaintoconsumehighlygrain-intensivemeatproducts，andthemassivediversion(转向)ofU．S．graintotheproductionofbio-fuel．[G]Asincomesriseamonglow-incomeconsumers，thepotentialforfurthergrainconsumptionishuge．Butthatpotentialpalesbesidethenever-endingdemandforcrop-basedfuels．Afourthofthisyear’sU．S．grainharvestwillgotofuelcars．[H]Whataboutsupply?Thethreeenvironmentaltrends-theshortageoffreshwater．thelossoftopsoilandtherisingtemperatures-aremakingitincreasinglyhardtoexpandtheworld’sgrainsupplyfastenoughtokeepupwithdemand．Ofallthosetrends．however,thespreadofwatershortagesposesthemostimmediatethreat．Thebiggestchallengehereisirrigation．whichconsumes70％oftheworld’sfreshwater．Millionsofirrigationwellsinmanycountriesarenowpumpingwateroutofundergroundsourcesfasterthanrainfallcanrefillthem．Theresultisfallingwatertables(地下水位)incountrieswithhalftheworld’speople，includingthethreebiggrainproducers—China，IndiaandtheU．S．[I]Aswatertableshavefallenandirrigationwellshavegonedry,China’swheatcrop，theworld’slargest，hasdeclinedby8％sinceitpeakedat123milliontonsin1997．ButwatershortagesareevenmoreworryinginIndia．Millionsofirrigationwellshavesignificantlyloweredwatertablesinalmosteverystate．[J]Astheworld’sfoodsecurityfallstopieces。individualcountriesactingintheirownself-interestareactuallyworseningthetroublesofmany．Thetrendbeganin2007，whenleadingwheat-exportingcountriessuchasRussiaandArgentinalimitedorbannedtheirexports．inhopesofincreasinglocalfoodsuppliesandtherebybringingdowndomesticfoodprices．Vietnambanneditsexportsforseveralmonthsforthesamereason．Suchmovesmayeliminatethefearsofthoselivingintheexportingcountries，buttheyarecreatingpanicinimportingcountriesthatmustrelyonwhatisthenleftforexport．[K]Inresponsetothoserestrictions，grain-importingcountriesaretryingtonaildownlong-第119页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)termtradeagreementsthatwouldlockupfuturegrainsupplies．Food-importanxietyisevenleadingtoneweffortsbyFood-importingcountriestobuyorleasefarmlandinothercountries．Inspiteofsuchtemporarymeasures，soaringfoodpricesandspreadinghungerinmanyothercountriesarebeginningtobreakdownthesocialorder.[L]Sincethecurrentworldfoodshortageistrend-driven，theenvironmentaltrendsthatcauseitmustbereversed．Wemustcutcarbonemissionsby80％fromtheir2006levelsby2020．stabilizetheworld’spopulationateightbillionby2040，completelyremovepoverty,andrestoreforestsandsoils．Thereisnothingnewaboutthefourobjectives．Indeed，wehavemadesubstantialprogressinsomepartsoftheworldonatleastoneofthese-thedistributionoffamily-planningservicesandtheassociatedshifttosmallerfamilies．[M]Formanyinthedevelopmentcommunity,thefourobjectiveswereseenaspositive，promotingdevelopmentaslongastheydidnotcosttoomuch．Otherssawthemaspoliticallycorrectandmorallyappropriate．Nowathirdandfarmoresignificantmotivationpresentsitself:meetingthesegoalsmaybenecessarytopreventthecollapseofourcivilization．Yetmecostweprojectforsavingcivilizationwouldamounttolessthan$200billionayear,1／6ofcurrentglobalmilitaryspending．Ineffect，ourplanisthenewsecuritybudget．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36．Themorerecentsteepclimbingrainpricespartlyresultsfromthefactthatmoreandmorepeoplewanttoconsumemeatproducts．37．Socialorderisbreakingdowninmanycountriesbecauseoffoodshortages．38．Ratherthansuperpowerconflict，countriesunabletocopewithfoodshortagesnowconstitutethemainthreattoworldsecurity．39．Somepansoftheworldhaveseensuccessfulimplementationoffamilyplanning．40．Theauthorhascometoagreethatfoodshortagescouldultimatelyleadtothecollapseofworldcivilization．41．Increasingwatershortagesprovetobethebiggestobstacletoboostingtheworld’sgrainproduction．42．Thecostforsavingourcivilizationwouldbeconsiderablylessthantheworld’scurrentmilitaryspending．43．Tolowerdomesticfoodprices，somecountrieslimitedorstoppedtheirgrainexports．第120页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)44．Environmentalproblemsmustbesolvedtoeasethecurrentglobalfoodshortage．45．Aquarterofthisyear’sAmericangrainharvestwillbeusedtoproducebio-fuelforcars．SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Decliningmentalfunctionisoftenseenasaproblemofoldage，butcertainaspectsofbrainfunctionactuallybegintheirdeclineinyoungadulthood，anewstudysuggests．Thestudy,whichfollowedmorethan2,000healthyadultsbetweentheagesof18and60，foundthatcertainmentalfunctions-includingmeasuresofabstractreasoning．mentalspeedandpuzzle-solving-startedtodullasearlyasage27．Dipsinmemory,meanwhile，generallybecameapparentaroundage37．Ontheotherhand．indicatorsofaperson’saccumulatedknowledge-likeperformanceontestsofvocabularyandgeneralknowledge-keptimprovingwithage，accordingtofindingspublishedinthejournalNeurobiologyofAging．Theresultsdonotmeanthatyoungadultsneedtostartworryingabouttheirmemories．Mostpeople’smindsfunctionatahighlevelevenintheirlateryears，accordingtoresearcherTimothySalthouse．“Thesepatternssuggestthatsometypesofmentalflexibilitydecreaserelativelyearlyinadulthood，butthattheamountofknowledgeonehas，andtheeffectivenessofintegratingitwithone’sabilities，mayincreasethroughoutallofadulthoodiftherearenodiseases，”Salthousesaidinanewsrelease．Thestudyincludedhealthy,educatedadultswhotookstandardtestsofmemory,reasoningandperceptionattheoutsetandatsomepointoverthenextsevenyears．Thetestsaredesignedtodetectsubtle(细微的)changesinmentalfunction，andinvolvesolvingpuzzles，recallingwordsanddetailsfromstories，andidentifyingpatternsincollectionsoflettersand第121页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)symbols．Ingeneral，Salthouseandhiscolleaguesfound，certainaspectsofcognition(认知能力)generallystartedtodeclineinthelate20sto30s．Thefindingsshedlightonnormalage—relatedchangesinmentalfunction，whichcouldaidinunderstandingtheprocessofdementia(痴呆)，accordingtotheresearchers．“Byfollowingindividualsovertime，”Salthousesaid，“wegaininsightincognitionchanges，andmaypossiblydiscoverwaystoslowtherateofdecline．”Theresearchersarecurrentlyanalyzingthestudyparticipants’healthandlifestyletoseewhichfactorsmightinfluenceage．relatedcognitivechanges．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46．Whatisthecommonviewofmentalfunction?A）Itvariesfrompersontoperson．B）Itweakensinone’slateryears．C）Itgraduallyexpandswithage．D）Itindicatesone’shealthcondition47．Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutmentalfunctions?A）Somediseasesinevitablyleadtotheirdecline．B）Theyreachapeakattheageof20formostpeople．C）Theyarecloselyrelatedtophysicalandmentalexercise．D）Someofthembegintodeclinewhenpeoplearestillyoung．48．WhatdoesTimothySalthousesayaboutpeople’smindsinmostcases?A）Theytendtodeclineinpeople’slateryears．B）Theirflexibilitydeterminesone’sabilities．C）Theyfunctionquitewelleveninoldage．D）Theirfunctioningisstillapuzzletobesolved．第122页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)49．Althoughpeople’smindsmayfunctionlessflexiblyastheyage，they．A）maybebetteratsolvingpuzzlesB）canmemorizethingswithmoreeaseC）mayhavegreaterfacilityinabstractreasoningD）canputwhattheyhavelearntintomoreeffectiveuse50．AccordingtoSalthouse，theirstudymayhelpus．A）findwaystoslowdownourmentaldeclineB）findwaystoboostourmemoriesC）understandthecomplexprocessofmentalfunctioningD）understandtherelationbetweenphysicalandmentalhealthPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThemostimportantthinginthenewslastweekwastherisingdiscussioninNashvilleabouttheeducationalneedsofchildren．Theshorthand(简写)educatorsuseforthisis“pre-K”-meaninginstructionbeforekindergarten-andthebigideaistoprepare4-year-oldsandevenyoungerkidstobereadytosucceedontheirK-12journey．Butitgetscomplicated．Theconcepthasmultipleforms，andscholarsandpolicymakersargueabouttheshape，scopeandcostoftheidealprogram．ThefederalHeadStartprogram．launched50yearsago。hasservedmorethan30millionchildren．ItwasbasedonconceptsdevelopedatVanderbiltUniversity’sPeabodyCollegebySusanGray,thelegendarypioneerinearlychildhoodeducationresearch．AnewPeabodystudyoftheTennesseeVoluntaryPre-Kprogramreportsthatpre-Kworks．butthegainsarenotsustainedthroughthethirdgrade．Itseemstomethishighlightsqualityissuesinelementaryschoolsmorethanpre-K，andindicateslonger-termsuccessmustconnectpre-Kwithalltheotherissuesrelatedtoeducatingachild．Pre-Kiscontroversial．Somecriticssayitisaluxuryandshouldn’tbefleetofamiliesabletoPay．Pre-Kadvocatesinsistitisprovenandwillsucceedifintegratedwiththerestofthechild’sschooling．Ileantowardthelatterview．第123页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)Thisis，inanycase，therightconversationtobehavingnowasMayorMeganBarrytakesoffice．Shewasthefirstcandidatetospeakoutforstrongpre-Kprogramming．Theimportantthingisforallofustokeepinmindtherealgoalandthelonger,biggerpicture．Theweightoftheevidenceisonthesideofpre-Kthatearlyintervention(干预)works．Whatgovernmenthasnotyetfoundisthepoliticalwilltoputthatunderstandingintofullpracticewithasequenceofsmartschoolingthatprovidestheearlyfoundation．Forthispurpose，ourschoolsneedboththetalentandtheorganizationtoeducateeachchildwhoarrivesattheschoolhousedoor．Someshowupready,butmanydonotatthiscriticaltimewhenyoungbrainsaredevelopingrapidly．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。51．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpre-kindergarteneducation?A）Itshouldcatertotheneedsofindividualchildren．B）Itisessentialtoaperson’sfutureacademicSuccess．C）Scholarsandpolicymakershavedifferentopinionsaboutit．D）Parentsregarditasthefirstphaseofchildren’sdevelopment．52．WhatdoesthenewPeabodystudyfind?A）Pre-Kachievementsusuallydonotlastlong．B）Thethirdgrademarksanewphaseoflearning．C）Thethirdgradeiscriticaltochildren’sdevelopment．D）Qualityhasnotbeenthetopconcernofpre-Kprograms．53．Whendoestheauthorthinkpre-Kworksthebest?A）Whenitisaccessibletokidsofallfamilies．B）Whenitismadepartofkids’education．C）Whenitisnolongerconsideredaluxury．D）Whenitismadefunandenjoyabletokids．54．WhatdowelearnaboutMayorMeganBarry?第124页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)A）Sheknowstherealgoalofeducation．B）Sheisamayorofinsightandvision．C）Shehasoncerunapre-Kprogram．D）Sheisafirmsupporterofpre-K．55．Whatdoestheauthorthinkiscriticaltokids’education?A）Teachingmethod．B）Kids’interest．C）Earlyintervention．D）Parents’involvement．PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆。在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。数百年来，当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市。无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。第125页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)答案【参考作文】DearLiMing,I’mwritingthislettertoexpressmydeepthankstoyouforhelpingmeoutwhenIfailedinmyfirstcollegeentranceexamination.ItisnoexaggerationtosaythatitwastheworsttimeofmylifewhenIcompletelylostthefaithinmylifeandbegantoabandonmyself.Thenyoucametoencouragemenottogiveup.ItwasyouwhoconvincedmethatthefailuretocollegeentranceexaminationshouldnotbetheendofmyeffortsandthatIshouldpullmyselftogethertogivemyselfasecondchance;otherwise,Iwouldbecomearealloser.Thankstosuchafrankfriendasyou,Irestoredmyconfidence,andfinallyfulfilledmycollegedream.Thanksagain,fromthebottomofmyheart,mydearfriend.Bestwishes!Yourssincerely,MarySectionA第126页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)26.M)provide27.A)abandoned28.I)frequent29.L)merely30.C)biased31.G)dependent32.F)dampens33.E)commitment34.N)understandably35.O)unrealisticallySectionB36.［F］Incontrast,therecentsurgeinworldgrainpricesistrend-driven,......37.［K］Inresponsetothoserestrictions,grain-importingcountriesaretryingto......38.［C］Asdemandforfoodrisesfasterthansuppliesaregrowing,theresultingfood-priceinflationputsseverestresson......39.［L］Sincethecurrentworldfoodshortageistrend-driven,theenvironmentaltrendsthatcauseitmustbereversed.......40.［B］Icannolongerignorethatrisk.Ourcontinuingfailuretodealwiththeenvironmental......41.［H］Whataboutsupply?Thethreeenvironmentaltrends—theshortageoffreshwater,thelossoftopsoilandtherisingtemperatures—......42.［M］Formanyinthedevelopmentcommunity,thefourobjectiveswereseenaspositive,......43.［J］Astheworld\'sfoodsecurityfallstopieces,individualcountriesactingintheirownself-第127页共127页大学英语四级真题试卷完整版(三套全)interestareactuallyworseningthetroublesofmany.......44.［L］Sincethecurrentworldfoodshortageistrend-driven,theenvironmentaltrendsthatcauseitmustbereversed.......45.［G］Asincomesriseamonglow-incomeconsumers,thepotentialforfurthergrainconsumptionishuge.......SectionC46.B)Itweakensinone\'slateryears.47.D)Someofthembegintodeclinewhenpeoplearestillyoung.48.C)Theyfunctionquitewelleveninoldage.49.D)canputwhattheyhavelearntintomoreeffectiveuse50.A)findwaystoslowdownourmentaldecline51.C)Scholarsandpolicymakershavedifferentopinionsaboutit.52.A)Pre-Kachievementsusuallydonotlastlong.53.B)Whenitismadepartofkids\'education.54.D)Sheisafirmsupporterofpre-K.55.C)Earlyintervention.【翻译】WuzhenisanancientwatertowninZhejiangprovince，whichislocatedbytheGrandCanalofBeijingandHangzhou.Withmanyancientbridges,Chinese-stylehotelsandrestaurants,itisregardedascharmingandattractive.ThewatersystemandlifestyleofWuzhenhashardlychangedoverthepastonethousandyears,whichisamuseumdisplayingancientcivilizations.AllthehousesinWuzhenarebuiltofstoneandwood.Forhundredsofyears，thelocalpeoplehavebuilthousesandfairsalongtheriver.Countlessspaciousandbeautifulcourtyardslieamongthehouses，whichbringsamazingfindingstothetouristsarrivingthere.',)