初中语法-名词的数,初中语法知识大全英语

名词的数1.名词的数•①可数名词［C.］②不可数名词［U.］③可数&不可数•①bookteachercarhousemantablepen•②waterairrainsnowteacoffeemilk•③glass玻璃［U.］玻璃杯［C.］glasses眼镜；玻璃杯(复)•beauty美［U.］美人［C.］•跟汉语有出入的：paper纸张［U.］chocolate巧克力［U.］cloud云［C.］•书［C.］book水［U.］water•一本书onebook一些水somewater•两本书twobooks许多水muchwater•三本书threebooksalotofwater•一些书somebookslotsofwater•许多书manybooksalotofbooks•lotsofbooks2.一般可数名词+s•car-carsstudent-studentshand-handsteacher-teacherscup-cups•关于复数s的发音：•清辅音+s:/s/booksbikescupstruths(事实)•浊辅音&元音+s:/z/pensgirlsteachersdoorsboys•/t/+s：/ts/catshatsshirtsskirts•/d/+s:/dz/bedshandsfriendsbirds•名词所有格式：Jone'scartheboy'steacher•(发音也遵循以上规则)thedog'sfoodMike'scar•Tom'swatchthebird'ssong3.可数名词拼写以-f或-fe结尾，改f或fe为v再加-es•leaf-leavesthief-thievesshelf-shelves•knife-kniveslife-liveswife-wives•有些此类名词直接加-s:•roof-roofs屋顶chief-chiefs首领/tʃi:f/•belief-beliefs信仰proof-proofs证据•还有些此类名词以上两种形式都通用：•scarf-scarfs/scarves围巾hoof-hoofs/hooves(马等动物的)蹄/hu:f/•4.可数名词拼写以辅音字母+y结尾，改y为i加-esies/iz/•city-cities城市lady-ladies女士baby-babies婴儿party-parties聚会•family-families家庭nationality-nationalities国籍•5.以元音字母o结尾的可数名词通常+es/z/•tomato-tomatoes西红柿patato-potatoes土豆•hero-heros英雄mosquito-mosquitoes蚊子/mə'ski:təʊ/•以元音字母+o结尾通常+s/z/•zoo-zoos动物园bamboo-bamboos竹子•radio-radios收音机video-videos视频；录像；录像机•缩写一般加s:photo-photos(photograph)照片•klio-kilos(kilogram)千克6.变化内部元音•man-menwoman-womenfoot-feettooth-teethgoose-geese•/mæn//'wʊmən//fʊt//tu:θ//gu:s/•/mən//'wɪmɪn//fi:t//ti:θ//gi:s/•7.特殊变化•child-childrenmouse-mice•/'tʃaɪld//'tʃɪldrən//maʊs//maɪs/Thankyou!