2023年中考英语语法讲解之主谓一致课件

主谓一致subject-verbagreementGrammar语法一致Thefirstpart意义一致Thesecondpart就近原则Thethirdpart010203CONTENTS01语法一致ThefirstpartPART.01语法一致主语和谓语在语法形式上通常保持一致1.1定义句子主语是单数时，谓语动词需用单数形式；句子主语为复数时，谓语动词需用复数形式。aboy单数boys复数manyaboy单数manyboys复数1.2谓语单复数细则1.单数名词/不可数名词作主语Thegirlismysister.Moneydoesn’talwaysbringhappiness.2.动词不定式或动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式Tosaysomethingisusuallyeasierthantodosomething.43“oneof+复数可数名词”作主语“…之一”.OneofcountriesbelongsChina.“manya/morethanone+单数可数名词”作主语“许多”Manyastudenthasboughtthebook.6表示复数意义的集体名词作主语（people/police/cattle）Thepolicehavebeentryingtofindananswertotheman’sdeath.7两部分组成的复数可数名词（trousers/glasses/shoes/gloves)Thetrousersaremygiftfrommymother.复数名词作主语Myparentsworkinthesameschool.5单项选择1．Swimminginthepoolwithfriends___________veryinteresting.A．hasB．haveC．isD．Are2.Nowsmartphones___________inmanywaysinourdailylife.A.areusedB.isusedC.areusing3．Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts____________causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A．isB．areC．hasD．Have4.BothMaryandEric___________tothepartylastnight,buttheydidn’tcomeatall.02意义一致ThesecondpartPART.022.1定义谓语动词变化以主语所表达的单复数概念而定Ourfamilylikethisplace.30dollarsisenough.2.2谓语单复数细则1.表示时间/金钱/距离/重量等名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式Fiveyuanisenough.Twohoursistooshortforthevisit.2.the+adj.作主语,表示一类人时，谓语动词复数(theyoung/old/rich/poor/homeless/disabled…)Thesickhavebeencured.theyoungtheoldtherichthepoorthedisabledthehomelesspeoplepeoplepeoplepeoplepeoplepeople1．Threehours____________quitealongtimeforthestudentstoplaycomputergameseveryday.A．isB．wereC．wasD．Are3．Theoldover90___________notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.A．istakinggoodcareofB．aretakengoodcareofC．aretakengoodcare2．——Howmuch____________theshoes?——Fivedollars____________enough.A．is;isB．are;isC．are;areD．is;are3．Twokilometers____________alongwaytogoonfoot.A．wasB．isC．areD．Were2.Theyoung___________torespecttheold.A．requiresB．isrequiredC．requireD．arerequired单项选择3.集体名词作主语(常考集体名词：family,class,team,group,crowd,government…)当强调集体中的个体成员时，谓语动词用相应形式Ourteamareplayingbasketball.当表示整体时，谓语动词用三单形式Ourteamcomesfirstinthebasketballgame.主语+介词+名词/代词时，谓语与主语保持一致4.Theteacherwithherstudentsisclimbingthemountain.withbehindaswellasexceptbutbesidesincludinglike常考介词正确形式填空1．Theteam___________suchadreamonewithstrongwillsthatnothingcanstopit.A．areB．hasbeenC．havebeenD．is2．ClassTwo___________takingtheirlessonswhentherewasaknockatthedoor.A．isB．wasC．areD．Were3．Thewomanbehindthegirls____________afamousactress.A．isB．areC．haveD．has4．Theteacherwith25boysand30girls,___________doinganexperimentintheclassroomwhentheearthquakehappened.A．wasB．wereC．hasbeenD．shouldbe5．EveryoneexceptTomandJohn____________seenthefilm.正确形式填空6．Thelegsoftheelephant________asstrongasbigtrees.A．looksB．lookC．islooking7.Nobodyexcepthisparentsand________tobuythehouse________windowsarebroken.A．hewants;hisB．himwant;whoseC．himwants;whoseD．hewant;ofwhich8．Thispairofglasses________toouglyonme.Wouldyoupleaseshowme________?A．look;anotheroneB．looks;anotherpairC．looks;anotheroneD．look;anotherpair9．________thatpairof________alittlecheaper?A．Is;glassB．Are;glassC．Is;glassesD．Are;glasses•表示数量，“许多的…”，•谓语动词由of后的名词决定•谓语动词用复数形式anumberof5.anumberofVs.thenumberof作主语•表示所属关系,“…的数量”,•谓语动词由thenumber决定，•谓语动词用三单形式thenumberofAnumberoftheapples_____enough.Thenumberofthestudents_____unknown.areis1．ThenumberofforeignstudentsstudyinginChineseuniversities________goingupinthepast10years,andonethirdofthem________tolearnChinese.A．is;chooseB．are;haschosenC．hasbeen;havechosenD．havebeen;chose2．_________ofthestudents_________girlsinourclass.A．Twopercents;isB．Twentypercents;areC．Twopercent;areD．Twentypercent;is3．——Howmany________teachersarethereinyourschool?——________them________overtwohundred.A．woman;Thenumberof;isB．women;Thenumberof;isC．woman;Anumberof;isD．women;Anumberof;are单项选择6.某些表单数意义不定代词作主语或修饰主语时(either/each/every/复合不定代词)Nothingisimpossible.EachstudenthasanEnglishdictionaryinourclass.7.分数/百分数（+of+名词）作主语：由其指代的名词或of后名词决定谓语动词单复数Four-fifthsofthejuiceisorange.8.由and连接的两个名词作主语：表两个不同事物,谓语动词用复数形式ateacherandasinger/milkandwater表示同一个事物,谓语动词用单数形式ateacherandsinger/breadandbutter9.单复数同形的名词（sheep,deer,means等）作主语：•表单数意义，谓语动词单数Thereisalittlesheep.•表复数意义，谓语动词复数Thereisareafewsheep.1．——Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?——Either___________OK,butIprefercoffee___________milk.A．is;withB．is;toC．are;withD．are;to2．Eachoftheclubmembers___________readytohelpthosewhowereintrouble.A．isB．areC．wasD．were3．Everyathletetogetherwiththeircoaches(教练)___________hardtomakegoodpreparationsforthecoming2012LondonOlympics.A．hasworkedB．aregoingtoworkC．workD．isworking4.Everypossiblemeans________topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.单项选择5．Waterandmilk___________importantforus.A．beB．amC．isD．are6．Apoetandartist___________comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A．isB．areC．wasD．Were7.“All___________presentandall___________goingonwell,”ourmonitorsaid.A．is;isB．are;areC．are;isD．is;are单项选择03就近原则ThethirdpartPART.03谓语动词的单复数取决于主语中最靠近它的名词3.1定义Tomorhisbrothergoestotheparkwiththeirgrandfather.NeitherTomortheGreensenjoythejourneybecauseofthebadweather.3.2there/herebe结构Thereisapenandninebooks.Thereareninebooksandapen.There/HerebeAandBorYouorIamgoingtobeateacher.Either…orEitheryouorsheiswrong.neither…nor…NeitherhenorIlikethefilm.0102033.3or类3.4not…but类notonlyAbut(also)B不仅…而且NotonlyhisparentsbutalsohehasbeentoHangzhou.not…but…不是…而是Notyoubutyourbrotherisgoingtothepark.1．EitherEveorHerb____________beeninvitedbyLucy’sparentsalready.A．haveB．hasC．wasD．were2．NeithermyunclenorI___________interestedinsuchthings.A．areB．amC．is3．——David,there___________adictionaryandsomebooksonyourdesk.Pleaseputthemaway.——OK.Mum.I’lldoitrightaway.A．isB．areC．hasD．Have4．___________Teddy___________Timhasexperiencedsuchaformalevent.Theybothlookalittlebitnervous,notknowingwhattodo.A．Either;orB．Neither;norC．Both;andD．Notonly;butalso5．____________waswrong.A．NottheteacherbutthestudentsB．BoththestudentsandtheteacherC．NeithertheteachernorthestudentsD．Notthestudentsbuttheteacher单项选择GrammarThankssubject-verbagreement