HSRP热备份,hsrp热备份路由协议

('HSRP热备份【实验名称】：HSRP（HotStandbyRoutingProtocol）热备份路由协议【实验拓扑】：【实验原理】：HSRP是HotStandbyRoutingProtocol（热备份路由协议）的缩写。它的作用是能够把一台或多台路由器用来做备份，所谓热备份是指当使用的路由器不能正常工作时，候补的路由器能够实现平滑的替换，尽量不被察觉。HSRP概念:热备份路由协议(HotStandbyRoutingProtocol)当主机使用缺省网关实现容错备份功能适用于支持多播或广播的局域网如Ethernet,TokingRing,FDDI等HSRP用于广播或多播局域网上的路由器热备份，并适于静态的路由配置，实际上HSRP正是解决设备不能动态适应路由改变的问题。【实验步骤】：1.按拓扑图将网络搭建好，配置好三个路由的信息，在三个路由器上启用rip协议。2.将客户机A（网关：192.168.6.1、192.168.7.1）与路由桥接，并检测是否联通。3.使用HSRP协议，开始R6与R7路由HSRP协议的配置@:其中R7的优先级比R6的优先级高4.断开R7的fa2/0接口，这时R6的优先级高，用客户机B在去ping192.168.56.1追踪经过的路由，查看数据包走的是那条断开R7的fa2/0接口，这时R6的优先级高，用客户机B在去ping192.168.56.1追踪经过的路由，查看数据包走的是那条1.按拓扑图将网络搭建好，配置好三个路由的信息，在三个路由器上启用rip协议。R5配置信息：Router>enableRouter#configtEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostnameR5R5(config)#ints1/1R5(config-if)#ipadd192.168.56.1255.255.255.0R5(config-if)#noshutR5(config-if)#exitR5(config)#ints1/2R5(config-if)#ipadd192.168.57.1255.255.255.0R5(config-if)#noshutR5(config-if)#exitR5(config)#intlo5R5(config-if)#ipadd192.168.5.1255.255.255.0R5(config-if)#noshutR5(config-if)#exitR5(config)#routerripR5(config-router)#net192.168.56.0R5(config-router)#net192.168.57.0R5(config-router)#net192.168.5.0R5(config-router)#exitR5(config)#R6配置信息：Router>enableRouter#configtEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostnameR6R6(config)#ints1/0R6(config-if)#ipadd192.168.56.2255.255.255.0R6(config-if)#noshutR6(config-if)#exitR6(config)#intfa2/0R6(config-if)#ipadd192.168.6.1255.255.255.0R6(config-if)#noshutR6(config-if)#exitR6(config)#routerripR6(config-router)#net192.168.56.0R6(config-router)#net192.168.6.0R6(config-router)#endR6#R7配置信息：R7(config)#ints1/4R7(config-if)#ipadd192.168.57.2255.255.255.0R7(config-if)#noshutR7(config-if)#intfa2/0R7(config-if)#ipadd192.168.6.100255.255.255.0R7(config-if)#noshutR7(config-if)#exitR7(config)#routerripR7(config-router)#net192.168.57.0R7(config-router)#net192.168.6.0R7(config-router)#endR7#2.将客户机A（网关：192.168.6.1、）与路由桥接，并检测是否联通。Ethernetadapter本地连接:Connection-specificDNSSuffix.:Description...........:Intel(R)PRO/1000MTNetworkConnectionPhysicalAddress.........:00-0C-29-19-3B-93DHCPEnabled...........:NoIPAddress............:192.168.6.2SubnetMask...........:255.255.255.0DefaultGateway.........:192.168.6.100192.168.6.1C:\\DocumentsandSettings\\Administrator>ping192.168.56.1Pinging192.168.56.1with32bytesofdata:Replyfrom192.168.56.1:bytes=32time=173msTTL=254Replyfrom192.168.56.1:bytes=32time=117msTTL=254Replyfrom192.168.56.1:bytes=32time=214msTTL=254Replyfrom192.168.56.1:bytes=32time=152msTTL=254Pingstatisticsfor192.168.56.1:Packets:Sent=4,Received=4,Lost=0(0%loss),Approximateroundtriptimesinmilli-seconds:Minimum=117ms,Maximum=214ms,Average=164ms客户机B（192.168.6.100）与路由桥接，并检测是否联通。C:\\DocumentsandSettings\\Administrator>tracert192.168.56.2（路由追踪）Tracingrouteto192.168.56.2overamaximumof30hops166ms60ms61ms192.168.6.1002150ms164ms184ms192.168.57.13133ms143ms102ms192.168.56.2客户机B要去192.168.56.2他经过的路由R7--->R5---->R63.使用HSRP协议，开始R6与R7路由HSRP协议的配置@:其中R7的优先级比R6的优先级高R7:R7(config)#intfa2/0R7(config-if)#standby1ip192.168.1.1(设定路由器参加的备份组并指出虚拟IP地址)%Warning:addressisnotwithinasubnetonthisinterfaceR7(config-if)#standby1priority200(设定路由器在备份组内的优先级)R7(config-if)#standby1preempt(定路由器在指定备份组为抢占模式)R7(config-if)#standby1tracks1/460(设定路由器监视指定接口)R7(config-if)#R6:R6(config)#intfa2/0R6(config-if)#standby1ip192.168.1.1%Warning:addressisnotwithinasubnetonthisinterfaceR6(config-if)#standby1priority150R6(config-if)#standby1preemptR6(config-if)#standby1tracks1/060R6(config-if)#4，断开R7的fa2/0接口，这时R6的优先级高，用客户机B在去ping192.168.56.1追踪经过的路由，查看数据包走的是那条C:\\DocumentsandSettings\\Administrator>tracert192.168.56.1Tracingrouteto192.168.56.1overamaximumof30hops140ms81ms61ms192.168.6.12162ms185ms163ms192.168.56.1Tracecomplete.C:\\DocumentsandSettings\\Administrator>ipconfig/allWindowsIPConfigurationHostName............:WINDPrimaryDnsSuffix.......:ctc.comNodeType............:UnknownIPRoutingEnabled........:NoWINSProxyEnabled........:NoDNSSuffixSearchList......:ctc.comEthernetadapter本地连接:Connection-specificDNSSuffix.:Description...........:VMwareAcceleratedAMDPCNetAdapter#2PhysicalAddress.........:00-0B-B4-00-F9-5DDHCPEnabled...........:NoIPAddress............:192.168.6.111SubnetMask...........:255.255.255.0DefaultGateway.........:192.168.6.100192.168.1.15.断开R7的fa2/0接口，这时R6的优先级高，用客户机B在去ping192.168.56.1追踪经过的路由，查看数据包走的是那条R6配置：R6(config)#intfa2/0R6(config-if)#standby2ip192.168.1.2%Warning:addressisnotwithinasubnetonthisinterfaceR6(config-if)#standby2priority150R6(config-if)#standby2preemptR6(config-if)#standby2tracks1/060R7配置：R7(config)#intfa2/0R7(config-if)#standby2ip192.168.1.2%Warning:addressisnotwithinasubnetonthisinterfaceR7(config-if)#standby2priority200R7(config-if)#standby2preemptR7(config-if)#standby2tracks1/460R7(config-if)#开始时：C:\\DocumentsandSettings\\Administrator>tracert192.168.56.1Tracingrouteto192.168.56.1overamaximumof30hops140ms81ms61ms192.168.6.12162ms185ms163ms192.168.56.1配置第二组HSRP后：C:\\DocumentsandSettings\\Administrator>tracert192.168.56.1Tracingrouteto192.168.56.1overamaximumof30hops173ms44ms61ms192.168.6.1002184ms123ms61ms192.168.56.1',)