中考英语专题复习课件-动词,中考英语专题讲解课件
专题5动词中考英语总复习动词是构成英语句子的核心,是英语中最关键的词类,是中考考查较多的一项。中考对动词的考查主要有:1.动词的分类,特别是情态动词的用法。2.动词的八种时态特别是一般现在时,一般过去时,现在完成时,一般将来时和现在进行时。3.语态:各种时态的被动语态形式。4.非谓语动词形式:动名词和不定式。5.主谓一致和倒装句。6.易混动词短语的用法。7.熟记动词的第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词以及现在分词的变化形式,结合一定的语境,根据标志词准确判断时态。考查动词的主要形式有单项选择,动词填空,句型转换,完形填空等。动词的分类系动词助动词情态动词实义动词行为动词及物动词不及物动词动词的基本形式原形第三人称单数的一般现在时的三种形式现在分词过去式过去分词动词的八种基本时态一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时过去进行时、过去完成时、一般将来时、过去将来时动词的语态主动语态被动语态非谓语动词的形式:动词不定式、动名词、分词主谓一致性原则:意义一致、语法一致、就近原则动词考点一动词的分类动词按含义及它们在句中的作用分为四类:行为(实义)动词,连系动词,助动词和情态动词。1.行为(实义)动词实义动词意义完整,能够独立作谓语。根据其在句中是否需要宾语,又可细分为:及物动词和不及物动词。(1)及物动词(vt.)要求跟宾语。Ilearn_English_everyday.(English是learn的宾语)我每天都学英语。(2)及物动词可以跟“双宾语”(直接宾语和间接宾语),也可跟“复合宾语”(宾语和宾语补足语)。Peoplegivemetheirmoney.人们给我钱。InEngland,peopleusuallycallmeJimforshort.在英国,人们通常简称我Jim。Ifoundasmallboycryinthecorneryesterday.昨天我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭。注:①带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:make,let,have,see,watch,notice,hear等。②带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell,write,read,return等。③“短语动词”相当于实义动词,主要有下列五种形式:动词+介词:相当于一个及物动词。如:lookafter“照顾”,lookfor“寻找”。动词+副词:这类短语动词有的作及物动词,有的作不及物动词。如:ringup“打电话”(用作及物动词),lookout“小心”(用作不及物动词)。动词+副词+介词:这类短语动词一律用作及物动词。如:doawaywith“去掉”,gobackto“回到(某处)去”,goonwith“与(某人)相处”。动词+名词+介词:这类短语动词也只能用作及物动词。如:takecareof“照顾”,takepartin“参加”。be+形容词+介词:这类形容词包括起形容词作用的分词,这类短语动词也相当于及物动词。如:bereadyfor“做准备”,befullof“充满”,beinterestedin“感兴趣”。2.系动词系动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语,说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常见的系动词有:be,become(变成),get(成为,变得),look(看上去),seem(似乎,好像),turn(变得),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(感觉),keep(保持)。这些词没有被动语态形式,也不用于进行时态。3.助动词助动词(v.aux.)本身无词汇意义或意义不完全,不能单独用作谓语。助动词有be,have,shall(should),will(would)和do。助动词在句中与实义动词一起构成各种时态、语态以及否定和疑问结构。(1)助动词be有下列几种形式:助动词be的功能有两个:与现在分词构成各种进行时态;和过去分词构成各种被动语态。①(2010·攀枝花)Marywithhersisters________ChineseinChina.A.arestudyingB.havestudiedC.isstudyingD.study②(2010·宿迁)I________thecharityshowonTVwhenthetelephonerang.A.watchB.watchedC.amwatchingD.waswatching答案:①C;②D(2010·滨州)—Haveyoueverbeenanywhereforatrip?—Atrip?I________awayfrommyhometownevenonce.A.wentB.havegoneC.havebeenD.haveneverbeen答案:D①(2010·菏泽)—It'sdangeroustoswimhere.Lookatthesign.—Oh,I________noticeit.Thanksfortellingme.A.haven'tB.won'tC.don'tD.didn't②(2010·兰州)They________(agree)witheachother,sotheyarguedforalongtime.答案:①D;②didn'tagree①(2010·扬州)—It'ssaidthatanairport________inYangzhou.—It'strue.That'swhatwearegettingexcitedaboutthesedays.A.buildsB.willbuildC.isbuildingD.willbebuilt②(2010·江西)—Hello,Sandy.ThisisJack.Whatareyoudoing?—I'mwatchingamatch.Itstartedat7p.m.and________onforanotherhalfanhour.A.hasbeenB.wasC.hadbeenD.willbe③(2010·常州)—What'shisplanafterheleavesschool?—He________(go)toBeijingforfurthereducation.答案:①D;②D;③willgo/isgoing4.情态动词情态动词本身虽有意义,但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、语气或情态等,如“可能”、“应当”。它们不能单独作谓语,必须与行为动词一起作谓语。情态动词多数没有人称和数的变化。主要有:can/could,may/might,must,need,dare,will/would,shall/should等。如:Icandance.我会跳舞。(1)can的用法:①表示能力,意为“能、会”;②表示推测,意为“可能”;③表示请求允许,意为“可以”。以can开头的一般疑问句,其肯定和否定回答分别用can和can't。①(2010·攀枝花)—Look!Thelightsintheteachers'officearestillon.IsMr.Liworking?—No.It________beMr.Li.Isawhimleavejustnow.A.maynotB.mustn'tC.can'tD.needn't②(2010·沈阳)Trees________fightairpollution.Theyarenaturalairconditioners.A.shouldB.mustC.needD.can答案:①C;②D(2)may的用法:①表示请求、许可,意为“可以”;②表示猜测,意为“可能、也许”等。can与may均可用来征求意见或允许,意为“可以”,一般可互换使用;③以may开头的一般疑问句,其肯定回答应用may,而其否定回答则多用mustn't,而不用maynot。①(2010·常州)—Haveyoudecidedwheretospendyoursummerholiday?—Notyet.We________gotoQingdao.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.may②(2010·广安)—Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothezoo?—Sorry,I'mnewhere.Pleaseaskthatpoliceman.He________know.A.canB.needC.may答案:①D;②C(3)must的用法:①表示“必须、应该”;②表示推测,“一定”。must表示推测时一般用于肯定句。在疑问句和否定句中一般应用can,否定句中也用may,但maynot表示“可能不”,而can't表示“不可能”。否定句中,mustn't表示禁止,意为“不允许”;③以must开头的疑问句,肯定回答应用must,而否定回答则常用needn't,needn't表示“不需要、不必”,相当于don'thaveto。①(2010·扬州)—MustImopupthefloornow?—No,you________.A.needn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.mustn't②(2010·赤峰)—MustIanswerthisquestioninEnglish?—No,you________.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.shouldn't答案:①A;②B(4)need的用法:need既可作情态动词,也可作实义动词。need作情态动词时,没有人称和数的变化,后跟动词原形,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。而need作实义动词时,有人称、数的变化,后接带to的不定式。Youneedn'tcometothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.如果你有重要的事,下午的会就不必来了。Doessheneedtocome?她需要来吗?注:①比较can和beableto两者表示能力时用法相同,但can只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式,其他时态要用beableto来表示。另外,beableto常常有做成了某件事的意味。②must和can'tmust用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为“一定”。推测的否定形式,疑问形式用can't,couldn't表示。如:Hemustbeworkinginhisoffice.他一定在办公室工作呢。Mikecan'thavefoundhiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车,因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。考点二动词的时态常见八种时态一般现在时:谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数形式过去时:谓语用动词的过去式将来时:谓语用will/begoingto+动词原形现在进行时:谓语用am/is/are+动词的现在分词完成时:谓语用have/has+动词的过去分词过去进行时:谓语用were/was+动词的现在分词完成时:谓语用had+动词的过去分词将来时:谓语用would或was/weregoingto+动词原形1.一般现在时概念:(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作;Healwayshelpsothers.他总是帮助别人。(2)表示现在的情况或状态;Heisateacher.他是个老师。(3)表示客观事实和普遍真理。Thesunrisesfromtheeast.太阳从东边升起。构成形式:am/is/are或实义动词的原形(主语是第三人称单数时,动词要用第三人称单数形式)。时间状语:always,often,usually,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday等。动词第三人称单数形式的构成:①一般动词在词尾直接加s,如lives,works等。②以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的,加es,如goes,does,washes,passes等。③以辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变为i,再加es,如fly—flies,study—studies,worry—worries;以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加s,如enjoy—enjoys,play—plays。④特殊:have—has,am/are—isItwillbealongtimebeforeJackfinisheshiswork.杰克要完成他的工作需要很长时间。MidAutumnDayusuallycomesinSeptemberorOctobereveryyear.中秋节通常都在每年的九月或十月。考查热点:如果主句为一般将来时,if,unless等引导的条件状语从句和when,until,assoonas等引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来。Whataboutgoingclimbingifitdoesn'traintomorrow?如果明天不下雨,去爬山怎么样?2.一般过去时(1)概念:表示过去发生的动作,存在的状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。(2)构成形式:①肯定式:be(was,were);行为动词(过去式)②否定式:was/were+not;行为动词didn't+动词原形③疑问式:was/were+主语+谓语;行为动词did+主语+动词原形(3)动词过去式的变化:动词过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况,不规则变化应特别记忆。规则变化有如下形式:①一般在动词后直接加ed。如:climbed,worked,asked等。②以e结尾的动词在后面直接加d。如:lived,described,agreed等。③以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y变为i再加ed。如:cry—cried,copy—copied,try—tried等。以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed。如enjoy—enjoyed,play—played等。④以重读闭音节结尾的单词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,则先双写这个辅音字母,再加ed。如:stop-stopped,plan-planned,prefer-preferred等。(4)与一般过去时连用的时间状语有:ago,yesterday,lastweek,thedaybeforeyesterday,longlongago,onceuponatime(5)一般过去时的用法:①表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。—Didyouwashyourclothes?你洗衣服了吗?—IwasgoingtowashmyclothesbutIhadvisitors.我将要洗,但是我来客人了。②表示过去经常反复发生的动作,常与always,usually,often,never,sometimes等连用(过去常常做某事也可用usedtodosth来表示)。③since从句常用一般过去时。ItistenyearssinceIcamehere.自从我来这已经有十年了。3.一般将来时(1)概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及打算、计划或准备要做的事。(2)构成形式:“will/shall+动词原形”或“am/is/aregoingto+动词原形”。(3)与一般将来时连用的时间:tomorrow,nextweek,inafewdays,nextSunday,in+一段时间等。(4)当主语是I或we第一人称时,问句中一般用shall,表示征求对方的意见。Whenshallwefinishhomework?我们应该什么时候完成作业?(5)begoingto+v.(动原)表示计划、打算做某事,表示已决定的,很可能发生的事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。Lookattheclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那些云,将会有暴风雨。(6)下列几种情况只可用shall(will)表将来,而不可用begoingto结构。①表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。Willyoupleaselendmeyourpen?请把你的钢笔借我用一下,好吗?②表示意愿时。Wewillhelphimifheasksus.如果他愿意,我们会帮助他。③表单纯性的将来,与人的主观愿望和判断无关时。Thesunwillsetat7:30thisafternoon.太阳会在下午7:30落下。(7)当主句为一般将来时态时,在if,assoonas,until,when等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。IwillcallyouassoonasIgetthere.我一到那就给你打电话。(8)位移词的进行时表将来。(9)therebe结构的一般将来时为therewillbe/thereisgoingtobe。(10)will/shall,beabouttodo与begoingto的区别。①一般将来时的基本结构为“will/shall+动词原形”,表示一个将要发生的动作或状态。②beabouttodo结构表示客观、马上就要发生的事,一般不与具体的时间状语连用。③begoingto结构表示必然或很可能发生的事情;betodo结构表示按职责、义务和要求必须去做或即将发生的动作。4.现在进行时(1)概念:表示现在或现阶段正在发生或持续的动作。(2)构成形式:am/is/are+动词的ing形式。(3)与现在进行时连用的时间状语及提示语有:now,thesedays,rightnow,atpresent,atthismoment,Look!,Listen!等。(4)go,leave,arrive,start等位移词用现在进行时表将来。Thetrainiscomingsoon.火车一会就来了。(5)当时间状语为now,thesedays等时或当句子中含有look,listen,canyousee,can'tyousee之类的暗示词时,要使用现在进行时。但应注意下列这些动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子中:表示感觉的动词。如:see,hear等。表示喜欢或厌恶的动词。如:like,love等。表示希望的动词。如:want,wouldlike等。表示状态的动词。如:be等。表示归属的动词。如:have等。表示思维、知识或理解能力的动词。如:know,think等。5.现在完成时(1)概念:①表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。②表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。(2)构成形式:have/has+动词的过去分词。(3)与现在完成时连用的时间状语有foralongtime,recently,yet,lately,ever,never,already,since,bythistime,before,just,inthepast/lastfewyears,since+过去的时间点,since+时间段+ago,since+从句(一般过去时)。(4)现在完成时与表示一段时间的for短语、since短语或从句等连用时,应注意句中的谓语动词须是延续性的,而不能是非延续性动词,如:come→behere,go→bethere,die→bedead,borrow→keep,buy→have,join→bein,leave→beaway,begintostudy→study等。(5)havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin的用法区别:havebeento表示“过去曾去过某地”,说话时已从该地回来或已从该地去了其他地方,总之,现在已不在该地;havegoneto则表示“已去了某地”,说话时不在说话地点,或在去某地的途中,或已到了某地,总之现在还未回来;havebeenin表示“已在某地待了多久”,后面跟副词时不用in。—WhereisMrsSmith?史密斯夫人在哪?—Sheisn'there.She_has_gonetoEngland.她不在这。她去了英国。(6)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时强调过去某一动作与现在的关系,对现在造成的影响、结果等,不与表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示过去的事实,不表示与现在的关系,可与表示过去的时间状语连用。6.过去进行时(1)概念:表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行的动作。(2)构成形式:was/were+动词的ing形式①表示往返、位移的动词的过去进行时常可用来表示过去将来时。Wewantedtotellherthatthetrainwas_leavinganhourlater.我们想告诉她火车将在一小时后开。②注意区别:一般过去时表示在过去某个时间“发生了的动作”或“存在了的状态”,而过去进行时则强调在过去某一时刻或某一段时间“正在进行的动作”。Marywrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.玛丽昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。(表明信写完了)Marywas_writingalettertoherfriendlastnight.玛丽昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。(只表明“一直在写”,不清楚“是否写完”,也许信还没有写完)(3)常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有两类:一类是表过去的“某点”时间,如:atthattime,thistime,lastweek,“whenhecamein”类时间状语从句等;另一类是表过去的“某段”时间,如yesterdaymorning等。Whatwereyoudoingatnineo'clocklastSundaymorning?上周日上午九点钟你在干什么?WhileJohnwaswalkingtoschool,hesawacatinatree.当约翰步行上学时,他看见一只猫在一棵树上。7.过去完成时(1)过去完成时表示在过去某个时间之前已经发生的动作或一直延续的动作或状态。它表示动作所发生的时间是“过去的过去”,常用“助动词had+过去分词”构成。Bythetimeshegotup,herbrotherhadalreadygoneintothebathroom.她起床的时候,她的弟弟就已经进了盥洗室。(2)过去完成时与现在完成时的主要区别是时间参照点不同:过去完成时的时间参照点是某个“过去的”时间;现在完成时的时间参照点是“现在”。因此现在完成时中的很多规则,也适用于过去完成时。WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhad_been_on.当我到达电影院时,电影已经开始了。(3)常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:by(theendof)+过去的时间,for+时间段,since+时间点,when引导的时间状语从句(从句中谓语动词用过去时)等。Bytheendofthematch,theyhadkickedtwogoalsandwehadkickedfour.到比赛结束时,他们已踢进两个球,我们进了四个球。—DidyouseeTomattheparty?在聚会上你看见汤姆了吗?—No,hehad_leftbythetimeIgotthere.没有,我到那的时候他已经走了。8.过去将来时(1)概念:过去将来时立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来。(2)时间状语:thenextday(morning,year...),thefollowingmonth(week...)等。(3)基本结构:①肯定形式:was/weregoingto+do;should/would+do②否定形式:was/were+not+goingto+do;should/would+not+do③疑问形式:was或were放在主语前;should/would提到主语前。如:Theyweregoingtohaveameeting.他们曾经打算开个会。HesaidhewouldgotoShanghaifortheholiday.他说他要到上海去度假。④过去将来时经常用在间接引语、宾语从句中。如:JimaskedLucyifshewouldbuythenewbook.吉姆问露西她是否要买那本新书。考点三动词的语态1.动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态:主动语态表示主语是谓语动词的执行者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。AtalkonsciencewillbegiveninourschoolnextMonday.下周一在我们学校将会有一场关于科学的演讲。2.被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。其后的实义动词必须为及物动词,或“动词+介词”构成的及物动词短语。现以及物动词ask为例,其各种时态形式的被动结构如下表所示。3.被动语态的用法在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,主要用于下列几种情况中:(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。ThiswatchismadeinChina.这块手表是在中国制造的。(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。Moretreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.每年都应该种更多的树。(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(强调汉语的使用广泛)(4)句子的主语是动作的承受者。Manyhouseswerewashedawayintheflood.许多房屋被洪水冲走了。4.主动语态和被动语态的转换(1)主动语态变为被动语态。①要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分,若主动句中的宾语是人称代词,要将宾格变成主格。②把主动句中的主语变成被动句中的宾语,将主格变成宾格,并由by引导。③谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。主动语态:动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者被动语态:动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者WeaskedhimtosinganEnglishsong.(变为被动语态)→HewasaskedtosinganEnglishsongbyus.(2)带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态。谓语动词带双宾语时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语,则保留直接宾语;若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。Shegavemeabook.(变为被动语态)→Iwasgivenabook.(间接宾语me改为主语)→Abookwasgiventome.(直接宾语abook改为主语)(3)短语动词变为被动语态。许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,可以有宾语,也可以有被动语态。但是短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。Weshouldspeaktooldmenpolitely.(变为被动语态)→Oldmenshouldbespokentopolitely.(to不可省略)(4)带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态。宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。变被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动句的主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,成为主语补足语。IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.(变为被动语态)→Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.(5)被动语态后动词形式的选择主动句中在感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等,及使役动词let,make,have等后跟省略to的不定式,变为被动句时应加上不定式符号to。Hemakesthegirlstayathome.(变为被动语态)→Thegirlismadetostayathome.LastSundayweheardthemsingPekingOperainthetheatre.(改为同义句)→TheywereheardtosingPekingOperainthattheatrelastSunday.(6)主动结构表被动意义①open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可用主动语态表被动意义。Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.这种笔写起来很流畅。Thiskindofshirtsellswellhere.这种样式的衬衫在这里很好卖。②look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。Uniformslookuglyonus.我们穿的制服很难看。Mooncakestastedelicious.月饼尝起来味道很好。③在beworthdoing中doing表被动意义。Thisbookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。④want/need/require+doing相当于want/need/require+tobedone。tobedone表示不定式的被动结构。Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.我的自行车需要修理。(2010·龙岩)MissGaocametoourschoolin2006.She________hereforfouryears.A.teachesB.taughtC.hastaught解析:本题考查现在完成时态。由句中的介词for可判断。它是现在完成时态的标志,故选C。—Haveyouever________XingkaiLake?—Yes.I________therelastmonth.It'squitebeautiful.A.goneto;wentB.beento;wentC.beento;go(2010·广安)—Doyouknowwhenthe29thOlympicGames________?—Yes,in2008.A.holdB.isheldC.washeld解析:奥林匹克运动会的举行需要用被动时态,由于29届奥林匹克运动会在过去举行的,所以用过去时态的被动语态,故选C。—John,youcan'tgoouttoplayuntilyourhomework________.—OK,Mum.A.finishesB.hasfinishedC.isfinished(2010·宁夏)—Where'sLiHua?—Look!He________tennisontheplayground.A.playsB.playedC.wasplayingD.isplaying解析:look是现在进行时的标志,故答案应选D。—Jack?Jack?Canyoucome?—I________myhomework.A.doB.willdoC.amdoingD.wasdoing(2010·定西)—I________cleaningmybedroom.It'scleannow.—Wow.When________you________it?A.havefinished;did;finishB.finished;have;finishedC.finish;do;finishD.havefinished;have;finished解析:本题考查现在完成时态和过去时态。句意为“我已经打扫了我的房间,现在干净了。你什么时候打扫的?”故选A。—Youhaveanicewatch.—Thankyou.I________itsinceIgotmarried.A.hadB.boughtC.havehadD.havebought(2010·鸡西)—Whatdidyourdadtellyou,mybaby?—Hesaidthesun________intheeast.A.wentupB.willgoupC.goesup解析:虽然按照宾语从句的知识,主句是过去时,从句也要用过去的时态,但是这里的从句说的是客观真理“太阳从东方升起”,所以不用过去,而用一般现在时态,所以选择答案C。Ourteachertoldusthatlight________fasterthansound.A.travelsB.travelledC.travellingD.istravelled(2010·眉山)—It'sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.—Ithinkabridge________overtheriver.A.shouldbebuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.wasbuilt解析:我认为桥应该被建,所以应该用被动语态,故选A。—Where________the2010WorldEXPO________?—InShanghai.A.does;holdB.has;heldC.will;holdD.is;held考点训练6,8,9情态动词、系动词(训练时间:41分钟分值:41分)1.(2010·安徽)—Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?—It________berainy,cloudyorsunny.Whoknows?A.mustB.mightC.shallD.should【解析】上句问“明天的天气怎么样?”下句答语中有or连接三种可能,尤其是最后的“谁知道呢?”因此三者都有可能,可能性最小的答案是最正确的。【答案】B2.(2010·河北)—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?—Yes,you________.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need【解析】情态动词haveto为“不得不”,其肯定回答为“Yes,youmust”,否定回答为“No,youneedn't”。故选A。【答案】A3.(2010·武汉)—Lookatthatgirl!IsitSusan?—No,it________beher.Shehasgonebacktoherhometown.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.wouldn't【解析】句意为“看那个女孩!是苏珊吗?”“不,不可能是她。她已经去她的家乡了。”本题考查的是情态动词can的用法,在此题中表示对某件事情的推断,故本题选B。【答案】B4.(2010·咸宁)—Wow!Youlookdifferent!You________wearglasses.—Yes,Idid.ButnowIamwearingcontactlenses(隐形眼镜).A.couldB.mustC.usedtoD.would【解析】句子意思是“你看上去不一样了,你‘过去常常’戴着眼镜。”“是的我过去戴,但是现在我戴着隐形眼镜。”表示过去常常且现在不做了用usedtodosth,所以选择C。【答案】C5.(2010·铜仁)—Thispairofshoes________belongtoJack.Helikesthiskindverymuch.—It________behis.It'stoolargeforhim.A.can;can'tB.may;needn'tC.must;mustn'tD.must;can't【解析】对事物进行猜测,表示肯定、必定用must。表示肯定不、不可能用can't。【答案】D6.(2010·镇江)They________playfootballlastFridaybecauseSimonforgottobringhisfootballhere.A.couldB.couldn'tC.can'tD.can【解析】couldn't是could的否定式。表推测时,它们并不是过去式,只是在语气上比can或can't委婉;could和couldn't表示推测时,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。could/couldn't一般用于过去的时态,can/can't一般用于一般现在时态。句意为“上周五他们不可能踢足球,因为西蒙忘记带他的足球了。”故选择B。【答案】B7.(2010·苏州)—Idon'tcarewhatmyteachersthink.—Well,you________.A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might【解析】句意为“我不在乎老师怎么认为。”“你应该在乎。”could“能”;would“将”;should“应该”;“might”可能。故选C。【答案】C8.(2010·上海)Isthisaphotoofyourdaughter?Shelooks________inthepinkdress!A.lovelyB.quietlyC.politelyD.happily【解析】考查连系动词的用法。连系动词looks后需用形容词作表语。B、C、D三项均为副词,故选A。题意为“这是你女儿的照片吗?她穿这件粉红色衣服真可爱!”【答案】A9.(2010·广州)Itdoesn'tlooklikerain,soyou________bringyourumbrellawithyou.A.shouldn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.needn't【解析】本题题意为“看起来不会下雨,所以你不需要带雨伞。”,shouldn't意为“不应该”;mustn't意为“禁止,不允许”;can't意为“不能够”;needn't意为“不需要”,由题意及解析可知答案为D。【答案】D10.(2010·连云港)—________Ihaveaticket,please?—Sorry,sir.Alltheticketsweresoldouttenminutesago.A.MayB.NeedC.MustD.Should【解析】这里主要考查各个情态动词的意思。may表示“可以”;need表示“需要”;must表示“必须”;should表示“应当”,根据题意,答案应选A。【答案】A11.(2010·宁夏)—MustIdotheworktoday?—No,you________.Youmaydoittomorrow.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't【解析】must在表示“必须”“应该”时,其疑问句的否定回答常用needn't或don'thaveto,表示“不必”,而不用mustnot。故答案选D。【答案】D12.(2010·河南)—It'ssuchalongway!WhatshallIdo?—You________takemycarifyouwant.A.willB.mustC.mayD.shall【解析】ifyouwant表示委婉的语气,故对应用may表示允许。【答案】C13.(2010·梧州)SongZuying'svoiceisverysweetandhersongs________verybeautiful.A.tasteB.soundC.smellD.feel【解析】歌曲听起来很好听。【答案】B14.(2010·鸡西)―CanItakethemagazinesout?—No,sir.They________outofthereadingroom.It'sarule.A.needn'tbetakenB.can'ttakeC.mustn'tbetaken【解析】在阅览室里杂志是“禁止”带出去,用must的否定式,且用被动语态表达,所以选择答案C。【答案】C15.(2010·桂林)—________Iuseyourruler,Lingling?—Sure.Hereyouare.A.MayB.WouldC.NeedD.Must【解析】考查情态动词。Sure.Hereyouare.表示应允,故推断上文表示请求May“可以”。【答案】A16.(2010·威海)Thatrestaurant________beverygood.It'salwaysfullofpeople.A.can'tB.mayC.shouldn'tD.must【解析】考查情态动词表示推测的用法。肯定推测用mustbe,否定推测用can'tbe。由下句“It'salwaysfullofpeople”知第一句表示肯定推测:那家饭店一定非常好。故选D。【答案】D17.(2010·广安)—Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothezoo?—Sorry,I'mnewhere.Pleaseaskthatpoliceman.He________know.A.canB.needC.may【解析】情态动词的用法。can“能够,可以”;need“需要”;may“可以,可能”,根据上文知道要表达“他可能知道。”故选C。【答案】C18.(2010·定西)—Who'sthatman?IsheMr.Brown?—That________beMr.Brown.Heneverwalksthisway.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.mustD.can【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。从后面的“Heneverwalksthisway.”可知前面是否定意思。故排除C和D。must的否定形式表示禁止,不表示猜测,所以选A。【答案】A19.(2010·兰州)—Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?—No,you________.You________toleaveuntilthebellrings.A.mustn't;areallowedB.don'thaveto;aresupposedC.needn't;aren'tallowedD.can't;aren'tsupposed【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法以及besupposedto的用法。以may开头的一般疑问句其否定回答用mustn't。besupposedto其语义相当于oughtto,表示“应当”、“理当”去做某事。故本题选D。【答案】D20.(2009中考变式题)—________Itakesomephotosinthehall?—No,you________.A.Can;needn'tB.Must;mustn'tC.Could;won'tD.May;mustn't【解析】第一个空表许可,用情态动词may,may引导的一般疑问句的否定回答用mustn't。【答案】D21.(2009中考变式题)—IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?—No,it________beher.She________toJapan.A.mustn't;hasgoneB.mustn't;hasbeenC.can't;hasgoneD.can't;hasbeen【解析】考查情态动词的使用。根据题意“不可能是她,她已经去日本了。”可知第一空应该使用can't表示“不可能”,第二空使用hasgone表示“已经去了”。mustn't表示“禁止”;hasbeen表示“曾经去过”,故答案为C项。【答案】C22.(2009中考变式题)—________youswim?—Yes,butI'mnotagoodswimmer.A.CanB.MayC.NeedD.Must【解析】由问句可知“你会游泳吗?”表“能,会”,用情态动词can。【答案】A23.(2009中考变式题)There________manystudentsinthelibraryafterschooleveryday.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are【解析】考查therebe结构,因后面靠近manystudents复数,根据就近原则故be动词用are。【答案】D24.(2009中考变式题)—I'malittletired.Let'sgotothezoobytaxi.—We________takeataxi.It'snotfarfromhere.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.couldn'tD.needn't【解析】由答句可知“我们没必要乘出租车,离这儿不远”,“没必要”用情态动词needn't。【答案】D25.(2009中考变式题)—Susanhasboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.—It________beveryexpensive.Ineverevendreamaboutit.A.mustB.mightC.can'tD.shouldn't【解析】表示肯定推测,用must“一定、肯定”。【答案】A26.(2009中考变式题)There________aninterestingcartoononCCTV6at7:30thisevening.A.isgoingtohaveB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.willtobe【解析】本题考查therebe结构的一般将来时态,因主语aninterestingcartoon是单数,故用isgoingtobe形式,故选B。【答案】B27.(2009中考变式题)—Howisyourfriendcoming?—I'mnotsure.He________drivehere.A.mayB.canC.mustD.will【解析】由答句中的I'mnotsure可知,他可能开车来这儿,表“可能”用情态动词may。【答案】A28.(2009中考变式题)—________Iborrowthesemagazines?—Sorry,onlythemagazinesovertherecanbeborrowed.A.MustB.WouldC.MayD.Need【解析】由问句可知“我可以借这些杂志吗?”表“许可、允许”用情态动词may。【答案】C29.(2009中考变式题)Theyellowcoat________beLinda'sbecausenobodylikesyellowexcepther.A.can'tB.canC.mustn'tD.must【解析】由句意可知表肯定推测用must,表否定推测用can't。【答案】D30.(2009中考变式题)—Listen!Helenissinginginthenextroom.—It________beHelen.ShehasgonetoBeijing.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.mayD.should【解析】空白处表否定推测,表否定推测用can't。【答案】A31.(2009中考变式题)—Sorryforbeinglateagain.—________hereontimenexttime,oryou'llbepunished.A.BeB.BeingC.TobeD.Been【解析】此处是以动词原形开头的祈使句。【答案】A32.(2009中考变式题)—MustIgetupbeforesixo'clocktomorrowmorning,dad?—No,you________.TomorrowisSaturday.Youmaygetuplater.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.maynot【解析】must引导的一般疑问句否定回答用needn't。【答案】C33.(2011中考预测题)Playinginthewater________lotsoffunonahotsummerday.A.isB.areC.hasD.have【解析】动名词短语playinginthewater作主语,谓语动词用单数has,has的意思是“有”。【答案】C34.(2011中考预测题)—Doyouhavetogetupearlyinthemorning?—Yes,I________.Ican'tbelateforschool.A.doB.canC.haveD.am【解析】用do引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes,sb.do形式,故选A。【答案】A35.(2011中考预测题)—There________acharityshowthisweekend.Wouldyouliketojoinus?—Ofcourse.I'dloveto.A.isB.hasC.willbeD.willhave【解析】由thisweekend推知此题考查therebe结构的一般将来时,即therewillbe或thereisgoingtobe形式,而选项中只有willbe,故选C。【答案】C36.(2011中考预测题)You________crosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightsarered.It'sdangerous.A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn't【解析】由It'sdangerous可知,“禁止”做某事,要用mustn't形式。【答案】C37.(2011中考预测题)—Look!Themanatthegate________beourheadmaster.Heisalwaysstandingthereeverymorning.—No,it________behim.Heisholdingameetingintheofficenow.A.must;can'tB.must;mustn'tC.can't;can'tD.can't;mustn't【解析】此题考查推测,表肯定推测用must,表否定推测用can't。【答案】A38.(2011中考预测题)—MayIwatchTVforawhile?—No,you________.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.shouldn'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.won't【解析】may引导的一般疑问句的否定回答用mustn't或maynot,选项中无maynot,故选C。【答案】C39.(2011中考预测题)—Let'sgototheWestHillParkbytaxi.—Oh,itisnotfarawayfromhere.We________takeataxi.A.couldn'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.can't【解析】由句意知“我们没必要乘出租车”,“没必要”用needn't。【答案】C40.(2011中考预测题)—________lateforschoolagain,Tim!—Sorry,IpromisethatI________.A.Don't;won'tB.Don'tbe;won'tC.Don'tbe;don'tD.Don't;will【解析】第一个空考查祈使句的否定形式Don't+动词原形,第二个空用将来时的否定形式。【答案】B41.(2011中考预测题)—Anothercupofcoffee?—No,thanks.I________beoff.Maryiswaitingforme.A.canB.mayC.mustD.might【解析】由句意可知,“我必须走了”,“必须”用情态动词must。【答案】C动词的时态和语态(一)(训练时间:53分钟分值:53分)一、单项选择(43分)1.(2010·安徽)—Whydidn'tyougotothecinemawithusthisafternoon?—I________atthestationformyunclefromBeijing.A.waswaitingB.havewaitedC.amwaitingD.willwait【解析】动词时态。上句提供过去的语言环境“今天下午你为什么没和我们一起看电影啊?”所以下句要用“我一直在等从北京来的我叔叔”,因此用过去进行时。所以选答案A。【答案】A2.(2010·安徽)—Areyougoingtotheparty?—No,becauseI________.A.haveaskedB.haven'taskedC.havebeenaskedD.haven'tbeenasked【解析】被动语态。回答不去参加晚会是因为“我没有被邀请”,用被动语态,并且是否定式。所以选择答案D。【答案】D3.(2010·河北)Mybrotherleftschoolin2005,andsincethenhe________inBeijing.A.livesB.livedC.willliveD.haslived【解析】考查现在完成时态的用法。since是现在完成时的标志,现在完成时结构为“have/has+过去分词”。故选D。【答案】D4.(2010·河北)HongKong________tobeagoodplaceforeatingtoday.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown【解析】被动语态。句意为“香港被认为是当今吃美食的好地方。”被动语态的结构:be+动词的过去分词。故选择C。【答案】C5.(2010·河北)Everyone________IcomefromSichuan.Actually,IcomefromShandong.A.findB.thinkC.findsD.thinks【解析】动词时态用法。everyone“每个人”,其动词形式应为动词的第三人称单数形式,可排除A,B。find“发现”;think“认为”,根据句意应选D。【答案】D6.(2010·武汉)MikeisfromAmerica.He________English.A.spokeB.willspeakC.speaksD.hadspoken【解析】动词时态。句意为“迈克来自美国。他说英语。”此题叙述的是一般情况,所以从句意可知应该用一般现在时,又主语为he,动词用第三人称单数形式,所以选C。【答案】C7.(2010·武汉)—When________you________tolearntoskate?—Fiveyearsago.A.do;startB.will;startC.had;startedD.did;start【解析】动词时态。句意为“你什么时候开始学溜冰的?”“五年前。”从答语中可知谈论的是过去发生的事,所以本题应当用一般过去时,故答案为D。【答案】D8.(2010·武汉)—Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?—Well,we________yet.A.haven'tdecidedB.hadn'tdecidedC.don'tdecideD.didn'tdecide【解析】动词时态。句意为“你们要去哪里度假?”“哦,我们还没决定呢。”从答语可知,谈论的是过去的事,但是对现在也造成了一定的影响,所以答语为现在完成时,故选A。【答案】A9.(2010·咸宁)—The2010AsianSportsMeeting________thisNovemberinGuangzhou.—Yes.IwishChineseplayerswilldowell.A.willbeheldB.havebeenheldC.wastobeheldD.wouldbeheld【解析】时态与语态的用法。2010年亚运会中考时还未召开,所以要用将来时态;物做主语,用被动语态,亚运会是被召开,所以用将来时态的被动语态,因此选择答案A。【答案】A10.(2010·镇江)—TheSummerPalaceiswonderful.Haveyouevervisitedanyotherinterestingplaces?—Yes.Also,we________totheGreatWall.A.havegoneB.havebeenC.hadgoneD.hadbeen【解析】时态与语态。根据问句中的“have”知,答语也应用现在完成时,排除C、D两项;havebeentosomeplace表示去过某地(已经回来),而havegonetosomeplace则表示去了某地(还未回来),故排除A,选择B。【答案】B11.(2010·苏州)—DoyouknowifCindywilldrivetoItalythisweekend?—Cindy?Never!She________driving.A.hashatedB.hatedC.willhateD.hates【解析】时态考查。句意为“她不喜欢开车。”主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词也应为单数第三人称。故选D。【答案】D12.(2010·苏州)—Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm“Avatar”?—It'sfantastic.TheonlypityisthatI________thebeginningofit.A.missedB.wasmissingC.missD.willmiss【解析】时态考查。错过电影开头部分动作已发生过,应为过去时。故选A。【答案】A13.(2010·兰州)Inthepastfewyearsthere________greatchangesinmyhometown.A.havebeenB.wereC.hadbeenD.are【解析】本题考查现在完成时的用法。“inthepastfewyears”表示“在过去几年里”,用于现在完成时句子中。【答案】A14.(2010·兰州)Theplane________whenwegottotheairport.A.hadtakenoffB.wastakenoffC.willtakeoffD.istakingoff【解析】本题考查过去完成时的用法。“当我们赶到机场时,飞机已经起飞了。”故用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去。选A。【答案】A15.(2010·宜昌)—There'stoomuchsaltintheChinesediet.—Sothereis.TheWHOsaysonly1.5gramsofsalt________foreachmaneveryday.A.isneededB.needsC.willneedD.hasneeded【解析】考查被动语态。句子中有时间状语everyday,所以此句为一般现在时的被动语态,故此题答案为A。【答案】A16.(2010·宁夏)—Haveyoureadthisbook?—Yes.I________ittwoweeksago.A.amreadingB.havereadC.willreadD.read【解析】根据时间状语ago可以判断应用过去式,故答案应用D。【答案】D17.(2010·娄底)—WhereisPeter?—He________volleyballwithhisfriendsintheschoolgym.A.playsB.playedC.isplaying【解析】根据句意,此句应用现在进行时,故答案选C。【答案】C18.(2010·宁夏)—Mum,canIgotothezoowithLinda?—Whenyourhomework________,youcan.A.isfinishedB.wasfinishedC.finishesD.finished【解析】作业被人做要用被动语态,答案C,D排除;又因是一般现在时,故答案选A。【答案】A19.(2010·宜宾)I________totakepartintheEnglishspeechcontestlastweek.A.askB.askedC.amaskedD.wasasked【解析】根据句意,应用被动语态,又因有时间状语lastweek,应用过去时,故答案选D。【答案】D20.(2010·重庆)LastSundaymyaunt________athomewithme.WewerewatchingTVallday.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are【解析】lastSunday一般过去时态标志,又因myaunt是单数,故答案选A。【答案】A21.(2010·重庆)Ifyou________tothe2010ShanghaiExponextmonth,Iwillgowithyou.A.goB.hasgoneC.willgoD.aregoing【解析】在条件状语从句中,主语用将来时,从句用一般现在时代替将来时,故答案选A。【答案】A22.(2010·义乌)It________todriveafterdrinkingwine.A.isallowedB.isnotallowedC.ismadeD.iswelcomed【解析】句意为“酒后不允许驾车。”所以要用被动语态。故答案选B。【答案】B23.(2010·桂林)—DoyoulikewatchingTV?—Yes,I________.ButonlyafterIfinishmyhomework.A.amB.doC.doesD.did【解析】考查时态构成。上文为一般现在时疑问句,下文则用Yes,Ido作简略回答。【答案】B24.(2010·桂林)Thousandsofhouses________bythefloodsinGuangxilastmonth.A.destroyB.destroyedC.havedestroyedD.weredestroyed【解析】考查语态和时态。主语是动作承受者,用被动语态。由lastmonth知动作发生在过去,所以用过去时。【答案】D25.(2010·泰安)—Lotsoftreesandflowers________onbothsidesofHuanshanRoadlastyear.—Oh,that'sbeautiful.A.areplantedB.wereplantingC.wereplantedD.haveplanted【解析】被动语态。lastyear是过去时态的标志,而一般过去时态的被动语态结构为was\\were+动词的过去分词。主语treesandflowers是复数,故用were+过去分词。【答案】C26.(2009中考变式题)They________hertotheparty,soshewasveryhappy.A.inviteB.invitedC.willinviteD.areinviting【解析】so引导因果关系的并列句,so后的句子是过去时,so前的句子的谓语动词也应用一般过去时。【答案】B27.(2009中考变式题)Mr.Green________tothemanagernow.You'dbettercallhimlater.A.talkB.talkedC.istalkingD.wastalking【解析】句中有时间词now,故用现在进行时态。【答案】C28.(2009中考变式题)—Arewegoingtohavethesportsmeetingthisweek?—No.Itis________tillnextweekbecauseofthebadweather.A.putawayB.putonC.putoffD.putup【解析】由句意可知“运动会因天气不好被推迟了。”谓语动词要用被动语态。putoff“推迟;延期”符合题意。【答案】C29.(2009中考变式题)—It'stimefordinner.Whereisyourfather,Emma?—He________hisbikeintheyard.A.cleanB.cleanedC.iscleaningD.willclean【解析】由句意可知“他正在清洗自行车”,故谓语动词要用现在进行时。【答案】C30.(2009中考变式题)Lindatoldthepolicemanshe________forthebusatteno'clockyesterdaymorning.A.waitedB.waswaitingC.haswaited【解析】考查过去进行时。由atteno'clockyesterdaymorning可知,用过去进行时,故选B。【答案】B31.(2009中考变式题)Don'tdoanyotherthingswhileyouaredoingyourhomework.Soplease________MP3.A.turnupB.turndownC.turnonD.turnoff【解析】“做作业时不要做其他事情”,因此要关掉MP3,turnoff“关掉”符合题意。【答案】D32.(2009中考变式题)It________outside.You'dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou.A.rainsB.israiningC.rainedD.hasrained【解析】句意为“外面在下雨,你最好随身带伞。”动作正在发生要用现在进行时态,故选B。【答案】B33.(2009中考变式题)—HowmanycakescanIhave,Mum?—None,dear.They________foryourfather.A.prepareB.preparedC.havepreparedD.wereprepared【解析】主语they与谓语动词之间存在着被动关系,故选D。【答案】D34.(2009中考变式题)—CouldyoutellJimthatIwillcallhimlater?—Sure.I'lltellhimwhenhe________.A.comesB.cameC.hascomeD.willcome【解析】主句用将来时,用when引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来。【答案】A35.(2011中考预测题)—DidyougiveTomaphonecall?—Yes,Idid.Butnobody________.A.answerB.answeredC.willanswerD.hasanswered【解析】叙述过去发生的事用一般过去时。【答案】B36.(2011中考预测题)—Lookatthesignontheright.—Oh,smoking________here.A.doesn'tallowB.isn'tallowedC.didn'tallowD.wasn'tallowed【解析】由句意可知“此处禁止吸烟”,谓语动词要用一般现在时的被动语态。【答案】B37.(2011中考预测题)Theworldhasabigheadacheandit________bymoney.ItbeganinAmericalastyear.A.causeB.causesC.iscausedD.arecaused【解析】由bymoney,再根据句意可知空白处要用一般现在时的被动语态,故选C。【答案】C38.(2011中考预测题)—Hello!CanIspeaktoMr.White?—Sorry,heisn'thererightnow.He________tothepark.A.willgoB.wasgoingC.hasgoneD.hasbeen【解析】由答句中的Heisn'thererightnow判断,他已经去了公园,至今未回,故选C。【答案】C39.(2011中考预测题)They________thetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.A.sawB.watchedC.noticedD.realized【解析】until前后要用相同的时态,disappeared是过去时,空白处也应用过去时。由句意“他们注视着火车直到它消失在远方。”知watch“观看;注视”符合题意。【答案】B40.(2011中考预测题)—Didyouwatchthefootballmatchyesterday?—Yes,Idid.Youknow,mybrother________inthematch.A.isplayingB.wasplayingC.hasplayedD.willplay【解析】由yesterday知,要用过去时,A,C,D排除。故选B。【答案】B41.(2011中考预测题)WewenttoHainanIslandonMayDayandhadgreatfun________inthesea.A.surfB.surfsC.surfingD.tosurf【解析】考查固定用法,havefundoingsth.“很高兴做某事”。【答案】C42.(2011中考预测题)—DidyougototheflowershowintheCitySquare?—No.I________howtomakefoodthen.A.learnB.learnedC.waslearningD.amlearning【解析】句中有then“那时”,那时发生的动作,要用过去进行时,故选C。【答案】C43.(2011中考预测题)—YaoMingisgettingalotbetterthanexpected.—Buthisdoctor________heshouldn'tbeinahurrytoreturntotraining.A.imaginesB.noticesC.wondersD.warns【解析】由句意可知“他的医生警告他不应该急着返回训练。”“警告”要用warn,故选D。【答案】D二、动词填空(10分)用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,并将答案写在答题卡标有题号的横线上。1.(2010·无锡)TheGreatWallaswellasthePalaceMuseum________(attract)lotsoftouristsfromabroadeveryyear.【答案】attracts2.(2010·无锡)Ifthosewildanimalscan'tfindenoughfood,they________(die)orhavetoleavetheirhabitatsoon.【答案】willdie3.(2010·无锡)Thelawofgravity________(discover)byIsaacNewtonabout350yearsago.【答案】wasdiscovered4.(2010·无锡)Youmusttryyourbesttostophim________(make)thesamemistakeagain.【答案】making5.(2010·无锡)Assoonashecameintotheoffice,he________(shake)handswitheveryoneofus.【答案】shook6.(2011中考预测题)SincelastAugust,theoldlady________(have)badheadachesthreetofourtimesamonth.【答案】hashad7.(2011中考预测题)By5:30yesterdayafternoonhe________(finish)writingthelaboratoryreport.【答案】hadfinished8.(2011中考预测题)Bangkok,thecapitalofThailand,________(know)asthe“CityofAngels”.【答案】isknown9.(2011中考预测题)Weshoulddoeverythingwecan________(protect)theenvironment.【答案】toprotect10.(2011中考预测题)Jacksaidhe________(return)thetwobookstothelibraryinaweek.【答案】wouldreturn/wasgoingtoreturn动词的时态和语态(二)(训练时间:47分钟分值:47分)一、单项选择(37分)1.(2010·安徽)—HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai,Mary?—Yes.I________thereforthreedayswithmyparentslastmonth.A.havegoneB.havebeenC.wentD.was【解析】动词时态。虽然上句使用完成时态,但是答语后有lastmonth过去的时间状语,所以用过去时态;又因为forthreedays表一段时间,所以不用短暂动词went而用was。【答案】D2.(2010·河北)I________myclothes,andthephonerang.A.washB.washedC.amwashingD.waswashing【解析】过去进行时态的考查。句意为“当我在洗衣服的时候,电话铃响了”。过去进行时的结构为“was/were+现在分词”故选D。【答案】D3.(2010·河北)Thisterm________over.Thesummervacationiscomingintwoweeks.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe【解析】一般将来时态的考查。句意为“这学期即将结束。暑假在两星期之后就要到来。”intwoweeks是一般将来时态的标志。故选择D。【答案】D4.(2010·河北)I________amistake.Pleasedon'tbeangrywithme.A.makeB.madeC.willmakeD.hadmade【解析】考查一般过去式的用法。句意为“我犯了一个错误,请不要和我生气。”故选择B。【答案】B5.(2010·晋江)—Hello!MayIspeaktoKate?—Sorry,sheisn'therenow.She________toShanghai.A.wentB.hasbeenC.hasgone【解析】动词时态。根据对话内容可知,“凯特现在不在家,她去上海了”,强调她现在不在这里。故选择C。【答案】C6.(2010·晋江)—IwanttoteachinTibetwhenIgraduatefromthecollege.—Metoo.Teachers________verymuchthere.A.needB.areneedingC.areneeded【解析】被动语态。“教师是那里非常需要的”,主要强调老师是动作的承受者。被动语态的结构:be+动词的过去分词。故选择C。【答案】C7.(2010·咸宁)—CouldIcleanthebedroomforyou?—No,thanks.I________itmyself.A.cleanedB.havecleanedC.wascleaningD.hadcleaned【解析】动词的时态。句子意思是“我能为你打扫卧室吗?”“不用了,我已经自己打扫过了。”已经打扫过对现在的影响是不用扫了,这是现在完成时态的用法,所以选择答案B。【答案】B8.(2010·哈尔滨)Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincewe________ETimes.Andthecomputeriswidelyusedthroughouttheworld.A.enteredB.willenterC.haveentered【解析】本题考查时态。根据前面的完成时态可以看出是since的句式:现在完成时+since+一般过去时,本题的意思是“自从我们进入电子邮件时代以来,发生了巨大的变化。电脑被广泛应用于世界各地。”【答案】A9.(2010·铜仁)—Jackisbusypackingluggage(行李).—Yes.He________forAmericaonvacation.A.leavesB.leftC.isleavingD.hasbeenaway【解析】动词时态。Jack正忙于收拾行李是因为他将要去美国度假。leave是位移动词,其进行时态表示将来。【答案】C10.(2010·铜仁)—Hello!IsthatMr.Jiang?—No,he________Guiyang.Hewillbebackinmorethantwoweeks.A.goesB.wentC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento【解析】动词时态。由题意知Mr.Jiang已经去了Guiyang,不在此处。首先排除A、B选项。hasgoneto表示去了某地,而hasbeento表示去过某地,故选择C。【答案】C11.(2010·广州)—Excuseme,what'sthisfor?—It'sacleanerandit________topickupdirt.A.usesB.isusedC.isusingD.used【解析】被动语态。吸尘器是被人用来清理垃圾,应该用被动语态形式,被动语态的结构:be+动词的过去分词,故选B。【答案】B12.(2010·达州)WhenwegottoYushuairport,weweretoldthatthey________morethan500peoplefromtheruins(废墟)byearthquake.A.hassavedB.savedC.hadsavedD.havesaved【解析】根据句意,挽救500多个人动作发生在我们到达玉树机场之前,是过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故答案应选C。【答案】C13.(2010·内江)AnewfactoryisbeingbuiltinNeijiang.Ihopeit________attheendofthisyear.A.willbefinishedB.finishesC.willfinish【解析】工厂被建,用被动语态,根据题意要用将来时,故答案要选A。【答案】A14.(2010·内江)MybrothercamebackhomewhileI________homework.A.amdoingB.weredoingC.wasdoing【解析】主句用过去时,从句用过去进行时,又因I后用was,故答案选C。【答案】C15.(2010·宜宾)Tommyislookingforthewatchhisuncle________himlastmonth.A.givesB.gaveC.togiveD.hasgiven【解析】根据时间状语lastmonth应用过去式gave,故答案应选B。【答案】B16.(2010·东阳)—________theInternet________inyourschool?—Yes,butthecomputerinourofficehasbrokendown.A.Is;usedB.Is;usingC.Does;useD.Has;used【解析】根据句意,要用被动语态,只有A表示被动语态。【答案】A17.(2010·东阳)OnApril14,2010,aseriousearthquakehappenedinYushu.Morethan2,000people________init.A.deadB.deathC.diedD.die【解析】玉树地震是过去发生的事,用过去式,故答案选C。【答案】C18.(2010·东阳)—Howlonghaveyou________themotorbike?—Forabouttwoweeks.A.boughtB.hadC.borrowedD.lent【解析】现在完成时。过去发生的动作和存在的状态一直延续到现在,这种用法瞬间动词要换成延续性动词,此题bought,borrow,lent都是短暂性动词,故答案选B。【答案】B19.(2010·南京)—CanyousingthisEnglishsong?—Ofcourse,Ican.It________manytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.hastaughtC.istaughtD.hasbeentaught【解析】考查现在完成时被动语态。由“收音机里已经教过很多遍了”知本句用现在完成时,排除A、C两项;主语it代替上文中的“thisEnglishsong”与谓语teach之间存在被动关系,故用现在完成时的被动语态。其构成为have/has+been+动词过去分词。故选D。【答案】D20.(2010·长沙)—WhereisZhangMing?—Oh,don'tyouknowhe________toBeijingtoseehisparentsandhe'llbebacktomorrow.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.hadgone【解析】考查has/havebeento与has/havegoneto的区别。has/havebeento意为“去过某地”;has/havegoneto意为“去了某地”。根据句意可知选A。【答案】A21.(2010·荆州)—Where'shersecondson?Ihaven'tseenhimforalongtime.—He________Mainelookingforaplacetowork.A.willgotoB.hasgonetoC.hadgonetoD.goesto【解析】现在完成时态。由语境知,他去缅因州还没有回来,用hasgoneto。【答案】B22.(2010·河南)Joe,myclosefriend,movedtoBeijingyearsago,andI________himsincethen.A.don'tseeB.didn'tseeC.haven'tseenD.won'tsee【解析】考查时态。since引导状语从句,通常与完成时态连用。【答案】C23.(2010·河南)—Longtimenosee!—I'vejustretuned.I________toZhengzhouforameetinglastmonth.A.amsentB.wassentC.amsendingD.wassending【解析】被动语态。由时间状语lastmonth知用一般过去时;主语是动作承受者,用被动语态。【答案】B24.(2010·鸡西)—How'stheweathertomorrow,Rose?—Ihearthereisgoingto________asnowstorm.A.haveB.beC.is【解析】动词时态。谈论明天的天气,用将来时态,其结构是therewillbe或thereis/aregoingtobe,所以选择答案B。【答案】B25.(2010·定西)—HowmanygoldmedalsdidChina________atthe2010WinterOlympics?—Five.A.winB.towinC.winningD.won【解析】本题是时态的考查。句意为“中国在2010年冬奥会上赢得了多少枚金牌?”“5枚。”问句的时态是一般过去时,在助动词did中体现了这种时态,所以后面的动词就用原形,故选A。【答案】A26.(2009中考变式题)—Whatabeautifulwatch!Isitnew?—No,Ihave________itfor2years.A.hadB.soldC.borrowedD.bought【解析】答句中有时间段for2years,说明谓语动词用现在完成时且动词用延续性动词,故选A。【答案】A27.(2009中考变式题)Ifpeople________cuttingdowntheforest,theywillhavenowhere________.A.keep;toliveinB.willkeep;toliveinC.keep;toliveD.willkeep;tolive【解析】主句是将来时,从句是由if引导的条件状语从句,从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时代替一般将来时;“他们将没有住的地方”,应表达为theywillhavenowheretolive,其中tolive作定语修饰nowhere。【答案】C28.(2009中考变式题)Jimmy________TVwhenhismothergothome.A.willwatchB.watchesC.iswatchingD.waswatching【解析】句中时间状语从句whenhismothergothome是过去进行时的标志,故选D。【答案】D29.(2009中考变式题)—Wouldyouliketogotothemoviewithme?—Sorry.I________togoouttonight.A.won'tbeallowedB.amallowedC.don'tallowD.willallow【解析】由句意可知动作尚未发生,故谓语动词用将来时态,且用被动语态,故选A。【答案】A30.(2009中考变式题)SinceJune1stlastyear,allthesupermarketshave________freeplasticbags.A.tostoptoprovideB.tostopprovidingC.stoppedtoprovideD.stoppedproviding【解析】句中有sinceJune1stlastyear,谓语动词要用现在完成时,且句意为“所有的超市已经停止供应免费的塑料袋。”停止做某事是stopdoingsth。【答案】D31.(2009中考变式题)—Jack,Ihaven'tseenyourbrotherforalongtime.—He________Shanghaionbusinessfortwomonths.A.wenttoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeento【解析】答句中有fortwomonths,故句子用现在完成时,且谓语动词要用延续性动词,排除A、B,“去了哪儿”表达为hasbeenin,故选C。【答案】C32.(2009中考变式题)A(H1N1)fluisterrible,butourgovernment________actiontopreventitalready.A.hastakenB.tookC.willtakeD.wastaking【解析】句中有already,是现在完成时的标志,故选A。【答案】A33.(2011中考预测题)—It'ssaidthatscientistshave________awaytodealwithInfluezaA(H1N1)(甲型H1N1流感).—Really?That'sgreat!A.caughtupwithB.comeupwithC.agreedwithD.comparedwith【解析】句意为“据说科学家已想出对付甲型H1N1流感的办法。”“想出”表达为comeupwith。【答案】B34.(2011中考预测题)Whiletheboy________downthestreet,theUFOlanded.A.hadwalkedB.waswalkingC.haswalkedD.iswalking【解析】while引导的时间状语从句通常用进行时态,而主句中的谓语动词是过去时,因此从句是过去进行时,故选B。【答案】B35.(2011中考预测题)YangFen________everySaturdayafternoonvolunteeringinanoldpeople'shome.A.costsB.takesC.paysD.spends【解析】句中有everySaturdayafternoon,是一般现在时的标志,spendsometime(in)doingsth“花费时间做某事”。故选D。【答案】D36.(2011中考预测题)Thestudents________howtodotheexperimentinclassyesterday.A.weretaughtB.taughtC.wastaughtD.teach【解析】本题考查被动语态以及主谓一致。句意为“在昨天的课上,学生们被教怎样做试验。”学生是被教,所以用被动语态,而主语是复数形式,所以谓语动词要和它保持一致,故选A。【答案】A37.(2011中考预测题)Theteachers________theofficeforafewminuteswhenwearrived.Wedidn'tmeetthem.A.hadbeenawayfromB.hadleftC.havebeenawayfromD.haveleft【解析】句中有forafewminutes,故句子要用完成时,而从句的时态为一般过去时,主句的动作应是“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时,故选A。【答案】A二、动词填空(10分)(2011中考预测题)用所给动词的正确形式完成短文,并将答案依次填在短文后面相应的横线上。DearZhangLin,How'sitgoing?I__1__(have)someproblemsatschool.IfinditdifficulttoworkintheeveningandIcan'tconcentrateonanythingatthemoment.Ispendmostofmytime__2__(listen)torecordsorwatchingTVinsteadofdoingmyhomework.Theotherstudentsinmyclass__3__(be)muchbetterthanme.Ihavethefollowingproblemsaswell.Ican'talwaystakedowntheimportantthingsmyteacher__4__(say),becauseIwritetooslowly.She__5__(tell)methatI'mfallingbehindmyclassmatesinmystudies,I'mnotgoodat__6__(write)andIusuallyhandinmyhomeworklatebecauseIwon'tdoituntilthelastminute.SoIoftenhavetofinddifferentexcuses__7__(let)myteacherknowwhyIhaven'tdonethehomework.I'msureI__8__(get)throughmyfinalexaminJanuary.I'mnowsofarbehindtheotherstudentsthatIdon'tknowhowIcan__9__(catch)upwiththem.Lastweek,whenmyteacher__10__(help)mewithmyhomework,shefoundsomanymistakes,whichmadememoreupset.Couldyoupleasegivemesomegoodsuggestions?Yours,WeiHua1.【答案】have2.【答案】listening3.【答案】are4.【答案】says5.【答案】hastold6.【答案】writing7.【答案】tolet8.【答案】won'tget9.【答案】catch10.【答案】helped
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