英语句子构成1(sentence-basics-1)

SentenceBasicswritingWhatisasentence?1.Expressesacompletethought2.Hasasubjectandaverb3.Hasanobjectand/orotherinformationaftertheverbWhatisasentence?subjectverbobjectOtherinformationMariasingsMariaandhersisterplaythepianoTheysingandplaybeautifulsongseverydayMaria’sbrotherplayssoccerandbasketballWhatisasentence?1.Icalledtheofficetwoorthreetimes.2.Mostproblemshaveasolution.3.Hespentalldayinbed.4.Myparentswentupstairs.Whatisasimplesentence?1.S+V---Heleftyesterday.2.S+V+P---Wewereclassmateslastterm.3.S+V+O---Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.4.S+V+O+OC---Youmademesohappy.5.S+V+IO+DO---Heshouldgivemehiskey.Whatisasimplesentence?1.Theyaretalking.2.Bettylooksexcited.3.WecallmypetPoppy.4.Thechildrenwereplayinghappily.5.Dannycanswim.6.Theleavesareturninggreen.7.Ireadmysonastoryeverynight.8.Myfatherboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.isthepersonorthingthatdoestheaction.1.Itcanbeanoun.ThesingerisfamousinChina.WarandPeaceisthebestbookIhaveeverread.Herbrotherwaskilledintheaccident.isthepersonorthingthatdoestheaction.2.Itcanbeapronoun.Shelikesme.Heisveryhonest.Everybodyishere.isthepersonorthingthatdoestheaction.3.Itcanbev-ing.Smokingisnotagoodhabit.Helpingherismyduty.Workingwithyouisapleasure.Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.isthepersonorthingthatdoestheaction.4.Itcanbetobe.Tolivehappilyneedsalotofthings.Toseeistobelieve.It’sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.It’sdifficultforustofinishwriting.It’ssokindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.isthepersonorthingthatdoestheaction.5.Itcanbeasentence.Whatshesaidiscorrect.Whoisresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotclear.Whenweshouldholdthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.1.Itcanbeanactionword.showstheactionorstateofthesubjectsuchasgo,speak,write,swim,orwatch2.Itcanbeanon-actionword.a.be,become,get,look,seem,turn,soundsmell,taste,feel,keepb.be,do,does,did,will,shall,have,has,hadc.must,can,may,might,oughtto,need,should1.Itcanbeanoun.receivestheactionoftheverbIlikeplayingtennis.MyfriendandIsharepictures.Thescienceclassstudiesclimatechange.2.Itcanbeapronoun.receivestheactionoftheverbTomdoesn’tknowit.Iwilltelleveryone.Mycousinlikesher.3.Itcanbev-ing.receivestheactionoftheverbIlikereadingintheforest.Doyoumindmysmokinghere.Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.Theyenjoytalkingtoeachother.4.Itcanbetodo.receivestheactionoftheverbHedecidedtobuyanewcar.Theyhopetofindabiggerhouse.Heofferedtohelpme.Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.5.Itcanbequestionword+todo.receivestheactionoftheverbHedecidedwhichtochoose.Pleaseteachmehowtoplaythepiano.Thekiddoesn’tknowwheretogo.6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)receivestheactionoftheverbWeknowhelikesEnglish.Iwonderwhoheislookingfor.Canyoutellmewhythisplaneislate?Hetoldthemwhathehadforlunch.6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)receivestheactionoftheverb宾语从句：用一个完整句子充当前面某个谓语动词，介词或者形容词的宾语，这个句子被称为宾语从句。所以包括动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)receivestheactionoftheverb宾语从句的连接词：1.that引导的宾语从句由that引导的宾语从句表示陈述意义。从属连词that无实际意义，不在句中充当任何成分，此时宾语从句的成分齐全，句意明确。---Idon’tthink(that)therewillbetimetodoit.---Manypeoplebelieve(that)robotswilldomostourwork.6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)receivestheactionoftheverb宾语从句的连接词：2.whether/if引导的宾语从句whether/if引导的从句大多由一般疑问句作直接引语变化而来，常放在ask,care,wonder,findout等词后引导从句。whether/if“”在从句中不作成分，但含有是否之义，在句中不可省略。---Iaskthemwhether/iftheywouldwinthematch.---Doyoucarewhether/ifyouwin?6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)receivestheactionoftheverb宾语从句的连接词：3.连接代词引导的宾语从句宾语从句可以由连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which等引导，它们在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语等，因此不能省略。---Doyouknowwhowillcomethisafternoon.---Idon’tknowwhatitis?---Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)receivestheactionoftheverb宾语从句的连接词：4.连接副词引导的宾语从句宾语从句可由连接副词when,where,how,why等引导，它们在宾语从句中作状语，不可以省略。---Hedidn’ttellmewhenthetrafficaccidenthadtakenplace.---Yourcoatlooksverynice.Couldyoutellmewhereyouboughtit?6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)receivestheactionoftheverb宾语从句的时态：1.时态的变化当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时态。---Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboywherehelived.一般过去时一般过去时---Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.一般过去时过去将来时6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)宾语从句的时态：2.时态的不变化a)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或者祈使句时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。---DoyouknowhowAmycametoschoolmorning?一般现在时一般过去时---Idon’tknowwhenhewillcomeback.一般现在时一般将来时---Pleasetellmewhomyouwenttothegardenwiththismorning.祈使句一般过去时6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)宾语从句的时态：2.时态的不变化b)当宾语从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态应用一般现在时。---Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.客观事实，用一般现在时---Everyoneknewthattherearesixtyminutesinanhour.客观事实，用一般现在时6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)宾语从句的语序：陈述句作宾语从句时，仍然用原陈述语序；疑问句作宾语从句时，原来的倒装语序要改为陈述语序。---TomadvisedmethatIshouldtakemorewater.主句连接词从句主语从句谓语从句宾语---Idon’tknowwhyheisleaving.主句连接词从句主语从句谓语6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?(改写句子)---Couldyoutellus____________________________?whether/ifMr.BrownenjoyslivinginChina2.“Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.(改写句子)---Heaskedme____________________________?whether/ifthegirlneedssomehelp6.Itcanbeasentence.(宾语从句)3.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.(改写句子)---Iwanttoknow____________________________?whenthetrainleaves1.subject+be+adjective(s).SubjectBeAdjective(s)IamhappyYou/We/TheyareyoungHe/She/Itisfunandinteresting2.subject+be+noun(s)/NounPhrase.SubjectBeNoun(s)/NounPhraseIamamotherandadoctorTheplayersareateamCevicheisaseafooddish3.subject+be+prepositionalphrase.SubjectBePrepositionalPhraseIamatschoolMykeysareonthetableThetestisinthemorningCombiningsentences句子组合Ihaveafriend.Myfriendstudiesscience.Myfriendstudiesattheuniversity.Myfriendisasciencestudentattheuniversity.Ihaveafriendwhostudiesscienceattheuniversity.originalsentencesLongerandsmoothersentencesTherewasastormyesterday.Itwasstrong.Itmovedquicklytowardthecity.Yesterday,astrongstormmovedquicklytowardthecity.Therewasastrongstormthatmovedquicklytowardthecityyesterday.originalsentencesLongerandsmoothersentencesCombiningsentences句子组合1.Andrewisateacher.Andrewisreliable.Andrewteachesatmyhighschool.2.Thereareanswers.Theanswersarecorrect.Theanswersareonthewebsite.3.RacheltakesTaiChiclasses.Theclassesareatapark.Theparkispopular.Combiningsentences句子组合Relativeclauses1:who/that/which1.Idon’tlikethosepeople.Thosepeoplecomplainallthetime.---Idon’tlikethosepeoplewhocomplainallthetime.2.Ilikethestories.Thestorieshavehappyendings.---Ilikethestoriesthathavehappyendings.3.Themachinebrokedown.Themachineisworkingagainnow.---Themachinewhichbrokedownisworkingagainnow.Relativeclauses1:who/that/which1.那栋在大火里面被毁坏的建筑，已经被重建了。---Thebuildingwhichwasdestroyedinthefirehasnowbeenrebuilt.2.那个在事故里面受伤的女孩现在在住院。---Thegirlwhowasinjuredintheaccidentisnowinhospital.3.导致这个事故的那位司机被罚款了500英镑。---Thedriverwhocausedtheaccidentwasfined500pounds.Relativeclauses2:withoutwho/that/which1.Thewomanwasawayonholiday.Iwantedtoseethewoman.---ThewomanwhoIwantedtoseewasawayonholiday.---ThewomanIwantedtoseewasawayonholiday.2.Lisafindsthekeys.Ilostthekeys.---LisafindsthekeysthatIlost.---LisafindsthekeysIlost.Relativeclauses1:who/that/which1.你认识汤姆正在聊天的那位女士吗？---DoyouknowthewomanwhoTomistalkingto?2.我睡的这个床不舒服。---ThebedIsleptinwasn’tcomfortable.3.在飞机上坐我旁边的那位男士一直讲话。---ThemanIwassittingnexttoontheplanetalkedallthetime.Thankyou!Doyouhaveanyquestions?---Charline