八上-Unit-1,八上unit1英语单词

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?SectionA•1.Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪里度假了？•onvacation在度假；在假期中(P1)•=onholiday(英式英语)•vacation和holiday都是指工作日以外的休息日，但不包括周末或仅仅一天的休息日。•MyfamilywenttoHainanonvacationlastyear.•我们一家人去年去海南度假了。•“on+名词”可表示“在某种状态中”•onduty值日onsale在出售•2.Didyougowithanyone?你和别人一起去的吗？(P22b)•anyone不定代词，相当于anybody。•用于肯定句时，意为“任何人”；用于否定句或疑问句时，意为“有人”。•Anyonecanhelpothersinsomeway.•任何人都能够以某种方式帮助别人。•Excuseme.Isanyoneinthatseatnexttoyou?•打扰了，请问你旁边的座位有人坐吗？•辨析：辨析：anyone&anyone•anyone只能指人，后面不接of短语。•Anyoneinourschoolknowshim.我们学校里的每个人都认识他。•anyone既可以指人也可以指物，表示“任何一个”，其后可接of短语。•Youcanchooseanyoneofthebooks.•你可以选择这些书中的任何一本。•3.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?你买特别的东西了吗？(P22b)•anything不定代词，意为“某事；某件东西”，主要用于疑问句和否定句中。•Didyoudoanythinginterestingonvacation?•度假时你做过什么有意思的事情吗？•Ididn'tbuyanythingyesterday?昨天我什么也没买。•注意：anything表示“任何事；任何东西”时，用于肯定句中。•Anythingispossible.一切皆有可能。•4.Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?•噢，你去了什么有趣的地方吗？(P22d)•anywhere不定副词，意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。•Ican'tfindmyhatanywhere.我到处都找不到我的帽子。•Didyougoanywhereduringthesummervacation?你暑假期间去过什么地方吗？•拓展：somewhere表示“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中。•Iwanttogosomewhereralaxing.我想去某个令人放松的地方。•Isawthegirlsomewhere.我在某个地方见过这个女孩。•注意：当形容词与不定副词连用时，要放在不定副词的后面。•5.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.我们在那里拍了不少照片。(P22d)•(1)takephotos拍照=takepictures•takeaphoto/photosof/forsb./sth.•给某人/某物拍照•Canyoutakeaphotoof/forus?你能给我们拍张照片吗？•(2)quiteafew相当多；不少其后跟可数名词的复数形式•quitealittle相当多，其后跟不可数名词•TomhasquiteafewfriendsinChina.•汤姆在中国有不少朋友。•There'squitealittlewaterinthebottle.•瓶子里有相当多的水。•6.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.我大部分时间只是待在家里看书、放松。(P22d)•mostofthetime时间状语•toreadandrelax目的状语•mostof...意为“……中的大部分/大多数”•most此处为代词，意为“大多数；大部分；大体上”•Mostofthepeopleliketravelling.大多数人喜欢旅行。•Hespentmostofthetimetakingphotos.他把大部分时间花在摄影上。•7.Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.是的，我给我爸爸买了一些东西。(P3GrammarFocus)•(1)buy-bought-bought•buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.给某人买某物•Iboughtagiftformymother.•=Iboughtmymotheragift.我给我妈妈买了个礼物。•(2)something不定代词“某事；某物”，常用于肯定句中;作主语时，谓语动词用单三。•Iknowsomethingabouttheman.我知道一些这个人的情况。•Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.我的手表出毛病了。•8.No,Iboughtnothing.不，我啥也没买。(P3GrammarFocus)•nothing不定代词“没有什么；没有任何东西”,相当于notanything•Ididnothingspecial.=Ididn'tdoanythingspecial.我没做什么特别的事情。•9.Howdidyoulikeit?你觉得那里怎么样？(P33a)•Howdoyoulike...?你认为……怎么样？•=Whatdoyouthinkof...?•=Howdoyoufeelabout...?•--HowdoyoulikethemovieFrozen?你认为《冰雪奇缘》这部电影怎么样？•--It'swonderful.很棒。•10.Didyougoshopping?你去购物了吗？•goshopping去购物；去买东西(P33a)•相当于dosomeshopping•Weoftengoshoppingonweekends.•=Weoftendosomeshoppingonweekends.我们周末经常去购物。•拓展：“go+v.-ing”表示“从事某种活动”。•其常见短语：•goswimming去游泳gohiking去远足•goclimbing去爬山gofishing去钓鱼•goboating去划船gocamping去野营•gosurfing去冲浪gocycling去骑车•11.Ofcourse!Iboughtsomethingformyparents,butnothingformyself.当然！我给父母买了一些东西，但啥也没给自己买。(P33a)•(1)ofcourse当然；自然相当于sure或certainly，通常在对话中用作肯定回答。•--MayIborrowyourdictionary?我可以借用你的词典吗？•--Ofcourse!当然可以！•(2)myself反身代词“我自己；我本人”在句中作for的宾语。•byoneself单独；独自地•IteachmyselfEnglish.我自学英语。•Ifinishedtheworkbymyself.我自己完成了工作。•12.Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.•唯一的问题是晚上除了看书之外没什么事可做。•(1)that引导表语从句(P33b)•(2)thereisnothingtodobutdo除了……之外无事可做=sb.havenothingtodobutdo•ThereisnothingtodobutwatchTV.•=IhavenothingtodobutwatchTV.•除了看电视之外无事可做。•13.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.•不过，似乎没有人感到厌烦。(P33b)•Nooneseemedtobebored.•=Nooneseemedbored.•=Itseemedthatnoonewasbored.•seem的用法：•①seem+(tobe)+adj./n.看起来……；好像……•Tomseemsclever.汤姆看起来很聪明。•Tomseemstobeacleverboy.汤姆看上去是个聪明的男孩。•Everythingseemstobeeasy.一切似乎都很容易。•②seemtodosth.好像……；似乎……•Tomseemstoknoweverything.•汤姆好像什么都知道。•③Itseemsthat+从句看起来好像……；似乎……•Itseemsthatyouaretired.•你看起来好像很累。Exercises:Exercises:•11.--didyouthesummervacation?▁▁▁▁•--Itwasterrible.Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodo.•A.What;thinkB.How;liked•C.How;thinkofD.How;feelabout•22.Whenit'sveryhot,Iswimminginthepool.▁▁•A.wouldlikeB.wantC.feellikeD.decideDC•33.Thechildrenaretooyoungtolookafter.▁▁•A.myselfB.themselvesC.theyD.yourself•44.Wehadgreatfunthevolleyballmatchbetween▁▁theChineseteamandtheJapaneseteam.•A.watchB.watched•C.watchesD.watching•55.Therearepeople,soit'sverycrowded.▁▁•A.quiteafewB.alotC.alittleD.fewBDA•66.Thereisn'twithyourbicycle,youcanridehome.▁▁•A.somethingwrongB.anythingwrong•C.wrongsomethingD.nothingwrong•77.--Doyouhavetosayforyourself?▁▁•--No,Ihavetosay.▁▁•A.something;everythingB.nothing;something•C.everything;anythingD.anything;nothingBDSectionB•1.Whatactivitiesdoyoufindenjoyable?•你发现什么活动有乐趣？(P52a)•(1)activityn.活动复数形式activities•Studentslikeoutdooractivities.•学生们喜欢户外活动。•(2)enjoyableadj.有乐趣的；令人愉快的在句中作定语或表语•enjoy+able=enjoyable•enjoyv.喜欢；享受-able是形容词后缀•We'llhaveanenjoyablevacation.我们将会有一个愉快的假期。•Thejobisenjoyable.Ilikeitverymuch.•这份工作令人快乐，我很喜欢。•2.IarrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.今天早上我和家人来到了马来西亚的槟城。(P52b)•arrivevi.到达•arrivein+大地点(国家、省、市...)•arriveat+小地点(机场、商店、学校、广场、村庄...)•WearrivedinBeijingyesterday.我们昨天到了北京。•Weshouldarriveatschoolontime.我们应该按时到校。•Iarrivedattheairportveryearly.我很早就到了机场。•回忆：getto&reach的用法？•3.Itwassunnyandhotsowedecidedtogotothebeach(nearourhotel).(介词短语作后置定语)•这里阳光明媚而且天气炎热，因此我们决定去旅馆附近的海滩。(P52b)•(1)复合句连词so表示“因此；所以”•英语中一个句子里用because不用so,用so不用because。•→此句的同义句：Becauseitwassunnyandhot,wedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.•(2)decidevt.决定；决心•名词形式decision“决定”•decidetodosth.决定做某事•=makeadecisiontodosth.•否定：decidenottodosth.决定不做某事•Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.他们决定去参观博物馆。•Idecidenottogoshoppingthisafternoon.我决定今天下午不去购物。•4.MysisterandItriedparagliding.我和姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。(P52b)•(1)mysisterandI我和姐姐•英语中要表达“我和某人”时，要把别人放在前面，把“我”放在后面，以示对别人的尊敬。•与汉语表达习惯相反。•JennyandIarefriends.我和珍妮是朋友。•MyparentsandIlikereading.我和我的父母喜欢看书。•(2)tryvt.尝试；设法；努力其后可接名词、代词、v.-ing或动词不定式。•CanItryyourbike?我能试骑你的自行车吗？•trydoingsth.尝试着做某事(不一定付出很多努力)•Theboytriedmakingamodelplane.这个男孩尝试着制作一个飞机模型。•trytodosth.尽力、设法做某事(强调付出努力设法完成)•Hetriedtocarrythebigbox.他努力搬起这个大箱子。•5.IfeltlikeIwasabird.我感觉我像一只鸟。(P52b)feel-felt-felt感觉•①feellike+宾从感觉像……•Lucyfeelslikesheisinanicedream.露西感觉像在美梦里一样。•②feellikedoingsth.想做某事•=wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.•Ifeellikeeatingice-cream.我想吃冰淇淋。•=Iwanttoeatice-cream.=Iwouldliketoeatice-cream.•6.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的。(P52b)•(1)wondervt.想知道；琢磨=wanttoknow•①Iwonderif...我想知道是否……•Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.我想知道你是否能帮助我。•②Iwonder+wh-从句我想知道……(宾语从句用陈述句语序)•Iwonderwhoheis.我想知道他是谁。•Iwonderwheremyslippersare.我想知道我的拖鞋在哪儿。•拓展：wonder用做名词，意为“奇观；奇才；奇迹”，•其形容词形式是wonderful“精彩的；绝妙的”•Thetennisplayerisawonder.•那位网球运动员是个奇才。•Thatwasawonderfulperformance.•那是一场精彩的演出。•(2)Whatbe...like?……怎么样？•What'stheweatherliketoday?今天天气怎么样？•--What'syourfatherlike?你父亲怎么样？(问性格、人品、外貌)•--Heisstrongandhelpful.他很强壮且乐于助人。•(3)inthepast在过去•inthefuture在将来•atthemoment=atpresent=now现在；此时此刻•7.Ireallyenjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。(P52b)•(1)enjoyvt.喜爱；欣赏；享受……的乐趣其后可接名词、代词或v.-ing作宾语。•enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事•Doyouenjoyyourjob?你喜欢你的工作吗？•Ienjoyreading.我喜欢看书。•拓展：enjoyoneself玩得开心；过得愉快•相当于haveagoodtime/havefun•Didyouenjoyyoureslflastnight?你昨天晚上玩得开心吗？•=Didyouhaveagoodtime/havefunlastnight?•(2)aroundprep.围绕；环绕•showsb.around...带某人参观某地•8.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!一天的差异是多么大啊!(P52b)•(1)differencen.差别；差异•形容词形式是different“不同的”•Canyoutellmethedifferencesbetweenthetwins?你能告诉我这对双胞胎之间的不同吗？•(2)what引导的感叹句，结构为：What+名词(短语)+主语+谓语•此句式强调名词(短语)，主语和谓语可省略。•Whatapity!真遗憾！•Whatawonderfulweekendwehad!我们度过了一个多么精彩的周末啊！•how引导的感叹句，结构为：How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语(强调adj./adv.)•Howunusualthedayis!这一天是多么不寻常啊！•=Whatanunusualdayitis!•9.Wewantedtowalkuptothetop,butthenitstartedrainingalittlesowedecidedtotakethetrain.(P52b)•我们想步行爬到山顶，但是天开始下起了小雨，因此我们决定乘坐火车。•(1)walkupto走向；走近•Heiswalkinguptothepoliceman.他正走向那个警察。•(2)topn.顶端；顶部•onthetopofthemountain在山顶•atthefootofthemountain在山脚•topstudents尖子生•(3)startdoingsth.开始做某事•相当于starttodosth.•Shestarteddoingherhomeworkafterdinner.晚饭后她就开始做作业了。•10.Wewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.由于人太多，我们等了一个多小时的火车。(P52b)•(1)waitforsb./sth.等候某人/某物•Someoneiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.学校门口有人在等你。•(2)overprep.多于；超过相当于morethan•Myfatherisover50yearsold.我爸爸五十多岁了。•(3)toomany太多修饰可数名词复数•toomuch太多修饰不可数名词；修饰动词•muchtoo太修饰形容词或副词•Don'tcarrytoomanythings.Theyaremuchtooheavy.不要带这么多东西。它们太重了。•Youarewalkingmuchtoofast.你走得太快了。•Ihavetoomuchworktodo.我有太多工作要做。•Don'ttalktoomuch.不要说得太多。•11.Whenwegottothetop,itwasrainingreallyhard.当我们到达山顶的时候，雨下得很大。(P52b)•hard①adv.大量地相当于heavily•Itrainedveryhardyesterday.昨天雨下得很大。•②adv.努力地•Tomworkshardandgetsgoodgrades.汤姆努力学习，取得了好成绩。•③adj.坚硬的；困难的•Theproblemisveryhard.这个问题很难。•➷hardlyadv.几乎不•You'rejoking!Icanhardlybelievemyears.你在开玩笑吧！我简直不能相信自己的耳朵。•12.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn'tseeanythingbelow.(P52b)•并且因为糟糕的天气，底下的东西我们什么也看不到。•(1)becauseof因为；由于其后接名词、代词或•v.-ing。becauseconj.引导原因状语从句•Weputoffthemeetingbeacuseoftheheavyrain.•因为大雨我们推迟了会议。•Ididn'tbuythecoatbecauseitwastooexpensive.•我没有买那件大衣，因为它太贵了。•(2)belowadv.①在下面；到下面•Iheardanoisefromtheroombelow.我听到了楼下房间的争吵声。•②prep.在……以下；低于•It'scold.Thetemperatureisbelowzero.天气很冷，气温在零度以下。•注意：below不一定是正下方，与above相对。under表示在正下方，与over相对。•13.Myfatherdidn'tbringenoughmoney...•我爸爸没带足够的钱……(P52b)•(1)bringvt.带来；拿来•Remembertobringyourbookheretomorrow.•记得明天把你的书带到这儿来。•takevt.带走；拿走•It'srainingoutside.Don'tforgettotakeanumbrella.外面在下雨，别忘了带把伞。•(2)enoughadj.①足够的；充足的；充分的(修饰名词通常放在名词前面)•Wehaveenoughtimetodoourhomework.我们有足够的时间做作业。•②adv.足够地；充足地；充分地(修饰形容词、副词要放在被修饰词之后)•It'swarmenoughintheroom.房间里够暖和了。•Herunsfastenough.他跑得足够快。•14.Well,butthenextdaywasnotasgood.嗯，但是第二天就没这么好了。(P62d)•asadv.像……一样；如同用来表示程度•TomswimsaswellasJim.•汤姆游泳游得和吉姆一样好。•拓展：as的其他用法：•①prep.作为；当作•Iworkedasateacherfor6years.我当了6年的老师。•②conj.当……的时候•Asweweretalking,shecamein.当我们正在交谈的时候，她进来了。•③conj.像；按照•YoushoulddoasItoldyou.你应该按照我告诉你的那样去做。•15....wewerewetandcoldbecauseweforgottobringanumbrella.(P62d)•……因为我们忘了带雨伞，结果浑身又湿又冷。•forgetv.忘记•其反义词是remember“记得”•forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(事情尚未做)•Don'tforgettoturnoffthelights.别忘记关灯。•forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(事情已经做过了)•Iforgotclosingthewindow.我忘记已经关上窗户了。•16.Didyoudislikeanything?你有不喜欢的事情/东西吗？(P73b)•dislikevt.不喜欢；厌恶其后接名词；代词或v.-ing作宾语。同义词hate,反义词like•Idislikejelly.我不喜欢果冻。•Idislikeplayingcomputergames.我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。•16.MylegsweresotiredthatIwantedtostop.我的腿很酸以至于我想停下来。(P8SelfCheck2)•so...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”•Ourteacherissokindthateveryonelikesher.•我们老师如此和蔼可亲以至于大家都喜欢她。•Herunssofastthatnobodycancatchupwithhim.他跑得如此之快以至于没有人能追上他。•拓展：sothat可引导目的状语从句，意为“以便；为了”•Shegetsupearlysothathecancatchtheearlybus.•她起得很早以便能赶上早班公交车。•17.Myclassmatestoldmetokeepgoing,soIwenton.我的同学们告诉我坚持走下去，因此我继续前进了。(P8SelfCheck2)•(1)keepdoingsth.继续做某事；(坚持)一直做某事•LiLeikeepsreadingEnglishforhalfanhoureveryday.李雷坚持每天读半小时的英语。•HekeptwatchingTVforthreehourslastnight.•昨晚他连续看了三个小时的电视。•(2)goon继续下去•goondoingsth.=goonwithsth.•继续做某事•Let'sgoondoingtheexercises.•=Let'sgoonwiththeexercises.•咱们继续做练习吧。•18.Everyonejumpedupanddowninexcitement.大家都兴奋得又蹦又跳。(P8SelfCheck2)•(1)upanddown上上下下；来来回回•Theylookedatherupanddown.他们上下打量她。•Pleasedon'trunupanddownintheclassroom.•请不要在教室里跑来跑去。•(2)inexcitement兴奋地；激动地•“Wewin!”Hecriedoutinexcitement.“我们赢了!”他激动地大叫。Exercises:Exercises:•11.It’sonly19:00,wedecidehome.▁▁•A.goingB.goto•C.nottogoD.nottogoto•22.Thefoodis,butIhavetobuy.▁▁▁▁•A.enoughexpensive;enoughmoney•B.expensiveenough;enoughmoney•C.expensiveenough;moneyenough•D.enoughexpensive;moneyenoughCB•33.--Iusuallygotherebytrain.•--Whynotbyboat?▁▁•A.totrygoingB.trytogo•C.totrytogoD.trygoing•44.Wekeepanditkeepsus.▁▁▁▁•A.toswim;health•B.swimming;healthy•C.toswim;healthy•D.swimming;healthDBGrammar单元语法：复合不定代词•一、复合不定代词的构成-one-body-thingsome-someonesomebodysomethingany-anyoneanybodyanythingevery-everyoneeverybodyeverythingno-noonenobodynothing二、复合不定代词的用法•1.some-不定代词多用于肯定句，也可用于表示请求、建议的疑问句，表示问话者希望得到肯定答复。•I'dlikesomethingtoeat.我想要吃点东西。(肯)•Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?•你想要点儿喝的吗？(疑)•Willyouasksomeonetocarrytheboxforme?你找人替我扛这个箱子好吗？(疑)•any-不定代词多用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句，意为“任何人；任何事”。•Ican'tseeanythinginthedarkroom.•在这个黑暗的房间里我什么也看不到。(否)•Isthereanyoneintheroom?•房间里有人吗？(疑)•Anybodycanusethepool.任何人都可以使用这个游泳池。(肯)•2.复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时，谓语动词要用单三。•Someoneisknockingatthedoor.有人在敲门。•Howiseverythinggoing?你最近怎么样？•Anythingispossible./Nothingisimpossible.一切皆有可能。•3.复合不定代词若有定语修饰，定语要置于其后。•Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有重要的事情要告诉你。•Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想要点儿喝的吗？•There'snothingwrongwiththecomputer.这台电脑没有毛病。•Didyoudoanythingelse?你还做了其他的事情吗？Exercises:•1.Thebottleisempty.Thereisinit.▁▁•A.anythingB.somethingC.nothing•2.Bequiet!Ihavetotellyou.▁▁•A.importantanything•B.anythingimportant•C.importantsomething•D.somethingimportantCD•3.Putitdown,Richard.Youmustn'tread▁▁letter.•A.anyone'selse'sB.anyone'selse•C.anyoneelse'sD.anyoneelse•4.HanMei,whatabouttoeat?▁▁•A．everythingB．somethingC．nothingD．anythingCB•5.Shelistenedcarefully,butheard___.•A.anyoneB.someone•C.everyoneD.nothing•6.There’s___withhiseyes.•A.anythingwrongB.wronganything•C.somethingwrongD.wrongsomethingDC•7.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon'tagreewith___.•A.everythingB.anything•C.somethingD.nothing•8.--Whatanamazingfilm!It'sthemostinterestingfilmI'veeverseen.--ButI'msureitwon'tinterest___.•A.somebodyB.anybody•C.everybodyD.nobodyACThankyou!