人教版八年级下英语各单元主题思维导图

初中英语人教版八年级下各单元主题思维导图Unit1What’sthematter?初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图gotoadoctorOK.Thanks,Mandy.liedownandrestwithoutmovinginthesamewaytakebreaksawayformplaycomputergames…doesn’tsound…TalkabouthealthproblemsandaccidentsMandy:Lisa:Mandy:Lisa:Mandy:Lisa:Mandy:Lisa:…areyouOK?haveaheadache对话篇—SectionA2dcan’tmovetake…temperaturehaveafeverHeLostHisArmButIsStillClimbingAron’sloveformountainclimbingAseriousaccidentAbookAronwroteaftertheseriousaccident阅读篇SectionB-2bHeisusedtotakingrisksandalmost_____________manytimesbecauseofclimbingaccidents.When:OnApril26,2003Where:________Who:AronRalstonWhat:____________wascaughtunderaheavyrock.Howtosavehimself:He_______halfhisrightarm.Inthebook,hetellsoftheimportanceof___________________andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.losthislifeUtahAron’sarmcutmakinggooddecisions情态动词should的用法Should的用法语法篇-情态动词can表示邀请1表示征询意见和提出建议表示推测表示义务或责任表示惊讶、难以置信等情绪，常用于疑问或感叹句中ShouldIputthebaghere?Heshouldbeinthelibrary.Weshouldstudyhard.Whyshouldhedothat?句式结构2肯定句否定句一般疑问句特殊疑问句Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.Youshouldn’tgooutaloneatnight.ShouldIopenthedoor?Whenshouldwego?主语+should+V原+其他主语+should+not+V原+其他Should+主语+V原+其他？特殊疑问词+should+主语+V原+其他？反身代词构成1第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数myselfourselvesyourselfyourselvesthemselvesitself/himself/herself用法2作宾语作同位语作表语含有反身代词的一些固定短语Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.Theoldmanlivesbyhimselfinthecountryside.Ispoketothemanagerhimself.I’mnotmyselftoday.今天我感觉不舒服。(all)byoneselfenjoyoneselfhelponeselfto…loseoneselfindressoneselfteachoneselfStructures单元整体话题篇HealthandfirstaidA:What'sthematter?B:Ihaveastomachache.A:Youshouldn'teatsomuchnexttime.B:WhatshouldIdo?A:Youshouldgotoadoctor.AdviceandtreatmentliedownandrestdrinksomehotteawithhoneyseeadentistandgetanX-raytakeone’stemperaturetakesomemedicineputsomemedicineonittakebreaksawayfrom…gotoadoctor/goto(the)hospitalgetsomesleep/rest/putabandageonitrunitunderwaterputone'sheadbackbandageoneselfBodypartsArm,back,ear,eye,foot,hand,head,heart,knee,leg,mouth,neck,nose,stomach,throat,toothHealthproblemsandinjuriesfeelsick/bad/terriblehaveasorethroat/back/leghaveatoothache/headache/stomachachehaveafever/cough/cold/heartproblem/nosebleedhaveanaccidenthaveproblemsbreathing/falldowncutone'sknee/hurtone'sbackhurt/cuthimself/herself/…gethit(onthehead)(by…)getsunburnedUnit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图careforlistentotellstoriesabouttalktohelpoutwithReally?....oldpeople’shomemakesomeplansOfferhelp提供帮助Helen:Tom:Helen:Tom:Helen:Tom:Helen:askyoutoreadthenewspapertoThatsoundsinteresting.alotof/lonelygoingtobeoldoneday对话篇SectionA-2dPara.4AletterfromBenSmithtoMissLiPara.2—Para.3阅读篇SectionB-2bBenthanksMissLifor______________AnimalHelpersandtellsherhowAnimalHelpershelpedhim.Benisadisabledmanand____________,sohisfriendcameupwithanidea—togethimaspecialtraineddog.Lucky,thetraineddog,iscleverandunderstands_________________andBen’sorders.givingmoneytoPara.1BenwouldliketosendMissLi__________toshowhowLucyhelpshim.BenthanksMissLiagain.manyEnglishwordsaphotoloveanimals动词不定式语法篇-动词不定式定义构成用法一些动词后面可以接其他动词，我们通常在第二个动词前使用to，并把带to的第二个动词称为不定式to+动词原形动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作目的状语如：Iwanttodrinkacupofmilk.我想喝一杯牛奶。如：Heaskedmetosayitagain.他要求我再说一遍。如：Theywenttothehospitaltohelpthesickchildren.他们去医院帮助生病的孩子。作动词want的宾语作宾语me的补足语作Theywenttothehospital的目的状语单元整体话题篇OfferinghelpStructuresThingswecandoIhopetoworkoutside.I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.Insideschoolcleanupthecityparks,visitsickchildreninthehospitaltocheerthemup,workinanoldpeople’shome,volunteeratananimalhospitalgiveaway...toachildren'shomefixup....sendmoneyto...Outsideschoolvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram,helpkidswiththeirschoolwork,tryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram,helpkidslearntoreadUnit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图messwon’tbehappyMakepoliterequests;AskforpermissionSister:Brother:Sister:Brother:Sister:Brother:Sister:Brother:Sister:dothedishesenoughforyoubebackfrom2hoursofTVWhatdoyouwantmetodo?couldyou…helpoutwith…atleastfinish…not“motherclean”foldtheclothestakeouttherubbishSomuch?prettycleanandtidy对话篇SectionA-2dShouldyoungpeopledochoresathome?阅读篇SectionB-2bHouseworkisa(an)_________________.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolwork.wasteoftheirtimeMs.Millerdisagrees.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowto__________themselves.Doingchoreshelpschildrentounderstandtheideaof________.Mr.Smithagrees.ReasonsKidswillhavetodohouseworkwhen_____________.Doinghouseworkistheparents’jobnow.Doingchores_______________.Shedoesn’tminddoingthem.ReasonstheygetolderisnotsodifficultlookafterfairnessYoucouldgotothestationbysubway.“Youcould…”表示提建议，意为“你可以……”语法篇-情态动词could的用法情态动词could的用法用于提出要求或请求用于请求许可表示能力表示推测表示建议Couldyoupleasegohikingwithmetomorrow?“Couldyouplease…?意为“能请你……吗？—CouldIhavealookatyournewwatch?—Yes.Hereyouare.“CouldI…?”意为“我能……吗？”could是can的过去式，表示能力。Whenhewas3yearsold,hecouldreadnewspaper.could表示可能性，指对过去、现在或将来某种可能性的推测。Wecouldgotherethissummer.单元整体话题篇ChoresandpermissionStructuresACouldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?B:OK,butIwanttowatchoneshowfirst.ACouldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?B:Yes,sure.forpoliterequestsdothedishes,makethebed,sweepthefloor,takeoutthetrash/rubbish,foldtheclothes,cleanyourroom,takethedogforawalk,buysomedrinksandsnacks,borrowsomemoney,invitemyfriendstoaparty,gotothestore,useyourCDplayerdohouseworkalleveningdon'tdoanyhouseworksharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehomehelpwithhouseworkhelptheirparentswithhouseworkforpermissionA:CouldIgooutfordinnerwithmyfriends?B:Sure,thatshouldbeOK.A:Couldwegetsomethingtodrinkafterthemovie?B:No,youcan't.Youhaveabasketballgametomorrow.Expressions&collocationsforpermissionforchoresUnit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图althoughsothatWhatshouldIdo?magazinesandCDsWhat’swrong?Problems&adviceDave:Kim:Dave:Kim:Dave:Kim:Dave:givebackHopethingsworkout.notverynicebeangrywithsadfind…lookingthrough…whydon’tyoutelltoThanksforyouradvice.对话篇SectionA-2dThecommonproblemforChineseandAmericanfamilies阅读篇SectionB-2bKidshavetoomanyafter-schoolclasses.Thismakesthemvery______._______________LindaMiller’sopinionDr.AliceGreen’sopinionTheseactivitiesareimportantforherchildren’sfutureandshewantsthemtobesuccessful.Shethinksit’scrazyand______.andpeopleshouldn’t____________________.Kidsshouldhavetimetorelaxand_________________.It’smoreimportanttohave______childrenthansuccessfulchildren.busyCathyTaylors’opinionpushtheirkidssohardunfairthinkforthemselveshappyJimcandoitwell.You’dbetteraskhimforhelp.Couldyoupleasenotsmokehere?Whydon’tyoucommunicatewithyourclassmates?语法篇-表示提建议的句型表示提建议的句型Whydon’tyou…?/Whynot…?为什么不……？Will/Couldyouplease…?请你……好吗？You’dbetterdo…最好还是……Wouldyouminddoing…?你介意做……吗？Let’sdo…让我们……吧。WouldyoumindturningdowntheTV?Let’shaveawalktorelax.Althoughweareneighbors,Idon'tknowthemwell.Hewenttoschoolalthoughhewasveryill.although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然尽管;但是，然而”,可以用though替换，从句位于句首、句末都可以;although或though不能与but用在同一个句子中。ShesatbehindmesothatIdidnotseeher.ItookataxisothatIcouldgetthereearlier.I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.Ididn’tgotobeduntilMumcameback.sothat可引导结果状语从句,意为“因此，所以”;也可引导目的状语从句,相当于inorderthat,意为“为了”此时从句中多含有can、could等情态动词。主句是肯定句时，谓语用延续性动词，译为“直到……”；主句为否定句时，谓语用非延续性动词，译为“直到……才……”until、sothat和although引导的状语从句语法篇-until、sothat和although引导的状语从句until引导的状语从句sothat引导的状语从句although引导的状语从句writesb.alettercallsb.uptalktosb.gotoone'shousetakesb.totheballgametalkaboutthefeelingswith....offertohelpsitdownandcommunicatewith…单元整体话题篇Problems&adviceproblemadvicecan'thangoutwithfriendscan’tgetonwith...feellonelyandnervoushavetoomuchpressure/stresscopyothers'homeworkborrowthingswithoutreturningthemStructureWhat'swrong?What'sthematter?WhatshouldIdo?StructureWhydon'tyou....Maybeyoucould...Iguessyoucould...Heshould...sothat...Ithink...should....Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图对话篇SectionA-2dMarycalled07:00calledagaincalledagainneededhelpwithhomework08:0009:00inthekitchen…LindatakingashowersleepingTheWorldTradeCenterwastakendownbyterroristsofSeptember11,2001.Thewriter’sopinion阅读篇SectionB-2bPeopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.Example11Example2WhenRobertAlenheradthenews,hewas___________inthekitchen.Atthattime,theywerecompletelyshocked!WhenKateSmithgotthenewsfromherfriend,shewas________.Atthatmoment,shewasvery________.eatingdinner________________.Dr.Kingdiedjust10minutesagoscaredworking用来表示在过去某个特定时间正在进行（发生）的事情。过去进行时语法篇-过去进行时含义构成常用的时间状语举例肯定句否定句疑问句was/were+现在分词was/werenot+现在分词was/were+主语+现在分词amomentago,atthattime,fromninetotenlastevening,justnow,thewholemorning,thismorning等HewasnotwatchingTVateighto’clocklastnight.昨晚八点他没有在看电视。Theywerehavingdinneramomentago.片刻之前，他们正在吃晚餐。Weretheyworkingthewholemorning?整个上午他们都在工作吗？WhenWhatHowPastevents&storiesinhelibraryonthestreetathebusstopinthekitchenoutsidehishomeintheareabythesideoftheroadateightlastnight,atthetimeoftherainstorm,sofarthisyear,whenIwokeup,whileIwasrunninghomeStructuresA:Whatwereyoudoingateightlastnight?B:Iwastakingashower.A:WhatwasJennydoingwhileLindawassleeping?B:WhileLindawassleeping,JennywashelpingMarywithherhomework.rainstormcaraccidenthelpingadogbyroadsideMartinLutherKing'sdeaththeWorldTradeCenterbusy,serious,ill,again,very,also,finally,suddenly,suddenly,heavily,together,apart,inamess,inbadshapeWhere单元整体话题篇Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图对话篇SectionA2dWangMing’sopinionClaudia’sopinionTeacher’sconclusionSectionA2dIt'sreally____________.YuGongfoundagoodway.Anythingispossibleifyou_________________.YuGong___________andnever___________.It'salittlebit________.Weshouldtryto_____________tosolveaproblem.Hecouldbuildaroad__________movingthemountains.Therearemany______toastoryandmany________tounderstandit.interestingworkhardkepttryinggaveupsillyfindotherwaysinsteadofsidesways阅读篇SectionB-2bBackground(背景)ThefirsttimeThesecondtimeTheirstepmotherandfatherTheweatherwasso(2)_____thatnofoodwouldgrow.Asaresult,theywouldn’thavefoodtoeat.Where:Whowantedthemtogetlost:Why:(1)______TheydroppedwhitestonesalongthewaytotheforestThey(3)_____togohomewiththemoonshiningbright.Whattheydid:Result:Theydroppedpiecesofbread.(4)_____atethebreadandtheygotlost.Whattheydid:ResultDidHanselDidHanselandGretelandGretelgetlostgetlost语法篇-assoonas,unless,so…that引导的状语从句assoonas引导的时间状语从句unless引导的条件状语从句so...that引导的结果状语从句assoonas,unless,so…that引导的状语从句assoonas表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时，主将从现。unless是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，unless引导条件状语从句时，可与if…not进行同义转换。so...that意思是“如此……以至于……”，其中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，that后接从句。Hewillhandinhisreportassoonashearrives.Themoviebeganassoonaswegotthere.Iwon’tgotothepartyunlessI’minvited.=Iwon’tgotothepartyifI’mnotinvited.TheboyransofastthatIcouldn’tcatchhimup.单元整体话题篇HowdoestellastoryWhathappenednext?Howdoesthestorybegin?Whoisthemaincharacter?structuresWhywasthat?Onceuponatime,therewasaveryoldman…Assoonasthemanfinishedtalking,YuGongsaidthathisfamilycouldcontinuetomovethemountainsafterhedied.Becausetheyweresobigandittookalongtimetowalktotheotherside.…isthemaincharacter.Onceuponatime,therewasaveryoldman…Assoonasthemanfinishedtalking,YuGongsaidthathisfamilycouldcontinuetomovethemountainsafterhedied.SoYuGongandhisfamilykeptondiggingdayafterdayandyearafteryear.Finally,agodwassomovedthathesent…Thisstoryremindsusthatyoucanneverknowwhat’spossibleunlessyoutrytomakeithappen.Unit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图protectthepartofthecountryquitetallandwidenootherman-madeobjectsasbigasthis对话篇SectionA2dGreatWallHowlongisthewall?Whydidtheancientemperorsbuildthewall?IsBadalingpartoftheMingGreatWall?thepartsfromtheMingDynastyIt’sabout________________long.thelongestwallintheworldit’sthemostfamouspart.8,850kilometers语法篇-形容词比较级形容词比较级用来比较两种人或事物形容词比较级的构成单音节形容词双音节形容词多音节形容词大多数单音节形容词以-e结尾一个元音+一个辅音+-er+-rlarge-larger双写辅音字母，再加-er以-y或-ly结尾以-ful,-less,-ed,-ing结尾small-smaller去掉y，再加-ierhappy-happiermore+形容词原级含三个或三个以上音节more+形容词原级careful-morecarefuldifficult-moredifficult语法篇-形容词最高级形容词比较级用来比较三个及以上的人或事物形容词最高级的构成单音节形容词双音节形容词多音节形容词大多数单音节形容词以-e结尾一个元音+一个辅音+-est+-stlarge-largest双写辅音字母，再加-est以-y或-ly结尾以-ful,-less,-ed,-ing结尾small-smallest去掉y，再加-iesthappy-happiestmost+形容词原级含三个或三个以上音节most+形容词原级careful-mostcarefuldifficult-mostdifficult语法篇-副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级构成规则不规则变化一般在词尾加-er或-est部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级，加most构成最高级如：hard-harder-hardest如：slowly-moreslowly-(the)mostslowly如：well(好地)—better(更好地)—best(最好地)badly(差地)—worse(更差地)—worst(最差地)much(多)—more(更多)—most(最多)little(少)—less(更少)—least(最少)far(远)—farther(指距离更远)/further(多指抽象概念更深远)—farthest(指距离最远)/furthest(多指抽象概念最深远)阅读篇SectionB-2bWaystosavepandasThenumberofpandas1.fewerthen(1)_____intheforests2.300orsoonzoosorresearchcentersPandasmayhaveonlyonebaby(2)_____.Adultpandaseatabout10kilosofbambooeveryday.Pandasarehavingfewerbabies.(3)_____teacheschildrenabouttheimportanceofsavingpandas.TheChinesegovernmentishelping.Scientistsaredoingresearchtobetterunderstandthe(4)______.SomefactsAboutpandasPandasPandasareverypopular,andthey’reasymbolofChina.单元整体话题篇FactsabouttheworldDescribefactsTalkaboutfactsComparefactsTheSaharaisabout9600000squarekilometersinsize.TheYellowRiveris5464kilometerslong.Chinaisover5000yearsold.Thispandacanliveupto20to30years.A:Whatisthehighestmountainintheworld?B:Qomolangma.A:Whichisthedeepestsaltlakeintheworld?B:TheCaspianSeaisthedeepestofallthesaltlakes.A:DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld？B:Yes.Idid.It’smucholderthantheUS.A:HowlongistheMingGreatWall?Qomolangmaishigherthananyothermountainintheworld.ChinaisalmostasbigastheUS,anditisthebiggestcountryinAsia.Chinaismuchbiggerthanmycountry.Thiselephantweighsmanytimesmorethanapanda.Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图SteveAmySectionA2dSteve____already________readingLittleWomen.It’saboutfoursisters___________Stevecouldn’t__________.Amy_______finished________TreasureIslandyet.Amy______thebackofthebooktoseewhatit’sabout.Amyreallyshould__________,becausethebookreportis_____intwoweeks.hasAmyandStevearetalkingabouttheirbookreportforEnglishclass.Itwasreallygood.She’sonly_______25.finishedgrowingupputitdownhasn’treadingonpagehasreadhurryupdueACountryMusicSongChangedHerLifeForeverParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3(1)______Fiveyearsago,Sarahstudiedabroad.Acountrymusicsongfulloffeelingsremindedherofherfamilyandfriends.Sincethen,shehaslovedcountrymusic.SomethingaboutcountrymusicCountrymusicisatraditionalkindofmusicfrom(2)_____Countrymusicisaboutbelongingtoagroupand(3)_____eachotherandtrustingoneanother.Countrymusictellsusthatthebestthingsinlifeare(4)____laughter,friends,familyandthebeautyofnatureandthecountryside.(5)____TogotoNashville-thehomeofcountrymusicandtoseeGarthsinglive.Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他语法篇-现在完成时(1现在完成时(1)含义构成肯定句例：Hehasworkedherefor6years.他已在这儿工作了六年。表示一件已发生的事，且这事往往与现在的情况有联系表示动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能延续下去。否定句一般疑问句主语+have/has+过去分词+其他例：Ihavenot(haven’t)hadmylunch.我还没吃午饭。例：Haveyouhadyourlunch?你吃过午饭了吗？structuresMusicliterature单元整体话题篇八年级下U8LiteratureandmusicAliceinwonderlandTreasureIslandRobinsonCrusoeLittleWomenOliverTwist(TheAdventures)ofTomsawyerHaveyouread…yet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.HasTinaread…yet?Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.Sarahhasalreadylistenedtomostofhissongs.He’ssoldmorethan120millionrecords.PopmusicRockmusicCountrymusicLightmusic…Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图AnnaJillSectionA2dShe________thefilmmuseumlastweekend.It’sreallyinteresting.Shehasneverbeencamping.JillwenttherebackinApril.He___________theinventionsthat_____colormovies,too.He_______inthemountainswithsomefriendsontheweekend.They_______atentand_______outside.wenttoIt’s______________spendaSaturdayafternoon.Jilllovesalltheoldmoviecameras.learnedaboutagreatwaytoledtocampedputupcookedSingaporeisa(n)_______________placeforChinesepeopletotakeaholiday.Why?ThepopulationofSingaporearemostlyChinese,soforChinese,theydon'thavelanguagebarriers(语言隔阂)andtheycan_______________there.Theywon'thaveanyproblemeatingmealsbecausetheycanfindlotsofChinesefoodthere.Andtheycanalsotry____________,WesternfoodorJapanesefoodthere.Theycanseeanimalsinamorenaturalenvironmentthaninanormalzoowhentheygoto___________.The__________isalmostthesameallyearround,sotheycanchoosetogothereatanytime.阅读篇-SectionB2bwonderfulandsafespeakPutonghuaIndianfoodNightSafaritemperature现在完成时助动词have/has+动词过去分词一般过去时动词过去式语法篇-现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时的区别含义上的区别时间状语上的区别构成上的区别现在完成时同时考虑过去和现在,强调过去的动作对现在造成了影响或产生了结果一般过去时不考虑现在,只陈述一件过去的事情,不强调对现在产生的影响和结果现在完成时与表示一段时间的状语连用,如thesedays，since+过去某个时间点,for+一段时间等等一般过去时与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastweek,then,threeyearsago,in1980等单元整体话题篇PlacestovisitDifferentaspectsaboutaplaceTalkaboutpastexperiencespostoffice,policestation,hotel,restaurant,bank,hospital,street,payphone,park,town,neighborhood.A:Excuseme.Isthereahospitalnearhere?B:Yes.Thereis.It’sonBridgeStreetA:Istherearestaurantnearthehotel?B:GoalongNewstreet.Turnrightatthefirstcrossingandtherestaurantisonyourleft,acrossfromthepayphone.near,acrossfrom,infrontof,behind,north,ontheright,ontheleft,crossing,around.FunplacesUnit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.初中英语人教版八年级下单元主题思维导图SectionA2dLindahassomethingsforthechildrenintheSunshineHome.ThemagazineforacoupleofmonthsSofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.Asweaterandadress.AbreadmakerThestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,butthey’restillinteresting.Shehashadthemsinceshewasachild.Hermom’shaditforalongtimebutisstillworks.对话篇-SectionA2dSectionA2dLindahassomethingsforthekidsofSunshineHome.Softtoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.ThemagazineforacoupleofmonthsThestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,butthey’restillinteresting.There’salsoasweaterandadress.Shehashadthemsinceshewasachild.AbreadmakerHermom’shaditforalongtimebutisstillworks.Hishometownhas______________________________tohim.Thebigoldtreeisstillhere,andhasbecome_____________________________.Thegovernmenthasalso______________and_____________fromthecitiestohelp.PeopleandtheirhometownChangesoftheirhometowns__________isoneofthem.Millionsof_______leavetheirhometowntolookfor____.HometownFeelingsMemoriesoftheirhometownsbuildingsteachersPerhaps___________________________haveappeared.ChinesestudentsStudentshaveto_____and_____sincethemid-20thcentury.workZhongWeilargehospitalsandnewroadsbuiltnewschoolssentteachersreadcountquiteasymboloftheplaceleftmanysoftandsweetmemories语法-一般过去时（二）含有since或for引导的时间状语的现在完成时since+过去某个时间点疑问句如：Hehaslivedheresince2000.自从2000年以后他就住在这儿。如：Shehasbeenateacherfor20years.她已从教二十年。注意：动词可分为瞬间动词和持续性动词。瞬间动词表示短暂的动作，如come，go，leave，start，begin，become，receive，die等；而持续性动词表示能持续段时间的动作，如work，live，stay，learn等瞬间动词不能与“for+一段时间”连用表示动作的持续性，应改用持性动词。如（误）Hehasleftforfiveminutes.（正）Hehasbeenawayforfiveminutes.他离开已有五分钟。单元整体话题篇book,magazine,toybear,toylion,toytiger,breadmaker,sweater,dress,hat,scarf,boardgamesA:Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?B:I’vehaditforthreeyears.A:Howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset?B:He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.museum,primaryschool,bridge,zoo,park,hill,library,riverTheconcerthallhasbeenaroundforatleast20years.Perhapslargehospitalsandnewroadshaveappeared.Childrenhavelearnedtoreadandcountatmyoldprimaryschoolsincethemid-20thcentury.Ourhometownhasleftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.LivingenvironmentThingsTalkaboutpossessionsPlacesTalkabouthometown