中考英语专题复习课件-名词整理

中考英语总复习名词整理考点一名词的复数形式3.复合名词的复数形式有两种(1)将主体词变为复数，如：sister­in­law→sisters­in­law(嫂子)boyclassmate→boyclassmates(2)将复合词中两个词都变为复数，此种复合词中第一个词须是man或woman，如：manworker→menWorkerswomanteacher→womenteachers4．特殊情况(1)有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothes，shorts，pants，scissors(剪刀)，goods，glasses(眼镜),trousers(2)有些名词以s结尾，但不是复数形式，如：news，maths，physics，politics(3)有些物质名词或抽象名词的单、复数形式表示不同的含义，如：room(空间)—aroom(房间)work(工作)—works(著作)(4)不可数名词的数量表达①不可数名词本身不可数，但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量，如：apieceofbread/news/paper一片面包/一条新闻/一张纸acupoftea/coffee一杯茶/一杯咖啡②还可用much，little，alittle，alargeamountof，some，any，no，lotsof，plentyof等来修饰不可数名词，如：muchmoney，somemilk(5)数词＋名词＋形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式，如：Heisafour­year­oldboy.他是个4岁的男孩。(four­year­old不能说four­years­old)afive­foot­deephole一个五英尺深的洞。1.(2011·攀枝花)It'ssaidthatmorethan100________willattendthismeetinginShanghai.A．manteachersB．womanteachersC．menteachersD．womansteachersC2．(2011中考变式题)—Two________diedintheaccident.—________terribleitis!A.policemen;HowB．policeman;WhatC．police;WhatD．policemans;HowA中考名词单复数展播3．(2011中考变式题)Howmanytimesdoyoubrushyour________(牙齿)everyday?4．(2010·桂林)Boysandgirls,pleasetakeoutyour________(钢笔)andwritedownthenewwords.5．(2011中考预测题)Lookattheflowers!Theyareindifferentc________：red,yellow,pink...teethpensolors1．表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式，在此名词词尾加's，或直接加'。(1)单数名词加's，如：Mary'sbook(2)以s结尾的复数名词只加'，不以s结尾的复数名词要加's，如：thethreegirls'father这三个女孩的父亲thechildren'spresents孩子们的礼物考点二名词所有格(3)表示几个人共有，仅在最后一个人的名字后加's，表示各自所有时，需在各个名字后加's，如：MaryandJane'scar(她俩人共有的车)Mary'sandJane'scars(她俩各自的车)(4)表示店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地点时，名词所有格后面的名词习惯上省略。如：thebarber's＝thebarber'sshop理发店tomyaunt's＝tomyaunt'shouse到我姑姑家(5)有些指时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城镇等无生命的名词，也可以加's构成所有格。如：aweek'stime一周的时间China'spopulation中国的人口twomiles'distance两英里的距离2．表示无生命的东西的所有格形式：名词＋of＋所有者，如：thenameofthezoo动物园的名字thefrontwalloftheclassroom教室的前墙3．双重所有格：即of＋'s或of＋名词性物主代词，如：abookofmydaughter's我女儿的一本书Thefriendofhisisverykind.他的朋友非常友好。2．(2010·河北)Idon'tthinklookingafterchildrenisjust________work.A．womanB．woman'sC．womenD．women's7．(2010·内江)________motherscan'tgotothemeeting,becausetheyhavegonetoNewYorkonbusiness.A．AliceandLily'sB．Alice'sandLily'sC．Alice'sandLily12．(2010·广安)—Howfarisyourhomefromschool?—It'sabouttwo________walk.A．hour'sB．hoursC．hours'23．(2011中考预测题)—Doyouknowthewomanoverthere?—Yes.She's________aunt.A．LilyandLucyB．Lily'sandLucy'sC．Lily'sandLucyD．LilyandLucy's24．(2011中考预测题)Afterplayingfootballformorethanhalfanhour,thestudentstook________rest.A．afewminute'sB．afewminutes'C．alittleminute'sD．alittleminutes'6．(2009中考变式题)Pleasetellmethe________(胜利者)telephonenumber.Iwanttointerviewhim.中考名词所有格展播BDDBDinventor’s(8)主语和谓语的就近一致。就近一致即指谓语的人称和数与靠近它的那个主语保持一致。有下面几种情况：①在therebe句型中或以here开头的句子中，谓语动词be应与后面的名词保持一致，当后面的名词不止一个时，be应和其最靠近的名词的人称和数保持一致。如：Therearetwenty­twoboysandtwentygirlsinourlass.我们班有22名男生和20名女生。Thereisacarandtwojeepsbehindthehouse.房子后有一辆小汽车和两辆吉普车。②either...or...(或者……或者……)；neither...nor...(既不……也不……)；...or...(……或者……)；notonly...butalso...(不但……而且……)等平等结构，连接并列主语时谓语动词的人称和数应和与之靠近的一个主语保持一致。如：Eitheryouorhehastogoshoppingthisafternoon.今天下午或者是你或者是他必须去购物。Neitherhenorwearestudentsnow.他和我们现在都不是学生了。both...and...连接两个主语时，谓语用复数形式。如：BothheandshedowellinEnglish.他和她都擅长英语。2．名词作定语(1)名词作定语，一般用单数形式。如：girlstudents(女学生)paperflowers(纸花)(2)名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式。如：sportsmeeting(运动会)(2010·沈阳)I'mnotsureaboutthemeaningoftheword.You'dbetterlookitupina________.A．letterB．dictionaryC．postcardD．notice一、单项选择(31分)1．(2010·安徽)—Couldyoutellmesomethingabouttheboywhohelpedyoujustnow?—Sorry,Iknownothingabouthim.Weare________.A．friendsB．neighborsC．classmatesD．strangers3．(2010·武汉)—Whyareyoustillwaitinginline?—I'vemissedmy________.A．placeB．orderC．turnD．time4．(2010·晋江)—Lilyhasasilk________.Listen,sheissinginginthenextroom!—Hownice!A．lookB．noiseC．voice名词词义辨析展播BDCC5．(2010·咸宁)—Ihearyouhavetorunforhalfanhoureveryday.—Right.Itisoneofthe________inmyschool.A．choicesB．plansC．hobbiesD．rules6．(2010·娄底)—It'ssaidthatyouhavemovedintoanewhouse.—Yeah,andweneedtobuysome________inthemallnearby.A．foodB．furnitureC．hamburger8．(2010·宜宾)WhenIwasastudent,IlikedtositinthefrontoftheclassroomsothatIcouldseethewordsmoreclearlyonthe________.A．blackboardB．deskC．dictionaryD．postcard9．(2010·重庆)Somethingiswrongwithmy________.Ican'tseeanythingaroundme.A．noseB．earsC．eyesD．mouth10．(2010·义乌)—ThelandinthesouthwestofChinaisingreatneedof________.—Yes,ithasn'trainedforalongtimethere.A．milkB．teaC．coffeeD．waterDBACD16．(2009中考变式题)Youcangetmuch________abouttheworldexpoontheInternet.A．mapB．pictureC．ticketD．information17．(2009中考变式题)Let'sgetsome________abouttourismontheInternet.A．informationB．messageC．invention15．(2010·襄樊)—What'syourjob,Henry?—I'ma________.Iworklate.I'mverybusywhenpeoplegoouttodinners.A．waiterB．reporterC．teacherD．nurse18．(2009中考变式题)—Oh,myGod!Wehavemissedthelastbus.Whatshallwedo?—I'mafraidwehaveno________buttotakeataxi.A．choiceB．decisionC．reasonD．information19．(2009中考变式题)—Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?—Sure,I'dlike________forcookingvegetables.A．twocupsofteaB．threepiecesofbreadC．onebowlofdumplingsD．fivekilosofoil20．(2009中考变式题)—Ihearyouhavetogetupearlyeverymorning.—Right.It'soneofthe________inmyfamily.A．plansB．ordersC．rulesD．suggestions