使用.NET类编写SOAP协议调用Web服务

('使用.NET类编写SOAP协议调用Web服务简介：使用.NET类编写SOAP消息，SOAP消息中包含用户的用户帐号，用户密码和帐号ID。使用HttpWebRequest类发送SOAP请求，请求远程服务器上Web服务程序（客户帐户信息），并使用HttpWebResponse类获取服务响应。知识点：命名空间：System.Xml创建XML文档的类：XmlTextWriter1.创建XmlTextWriter对象，设置用Tab键缩进代码示例：XmlTextWriterBookWriter=newXmlTextWriter(@"\\catalog\\books.xml",Encoding.UTF8);BookWriter.Formatting=Formatting.Indented;2.编写XML文档的根元素使用WriteStartDocument()方法和WriteEndDocument()方法创建XML声明使用WriteStartElement()方法和WriteEndElement()方法创建根元素代码示例：BookWriter.WriteStartDocument();BookWriter.WriteStartElement("books");//其他元素BookWriter.WriteEndElement();BookWriter.WriteEndDocument();输出：3.编写元素使用WriteElementString()方法创建不包含子元素和属性的元素代码示例：BookWriter.WriteElementString("price","19.95");输出：119.95使用WriteStartElement()和WriteEndElement()方法创建含有下级子元素和属性的元素代码示例：BookWriter.WriteStartElement("book");BookWriter.WriteElementString("price","19.95");BookWriter.WriteEndElement();输出：19.954.编写属性代码示例：BookWriter.WriteStartElement("book");BookWriter.WriteAttributeString("price","19.95");BookWriter.WriteEndElement();输出：5.编写带有命名空间的元素使用WriteElementString()方法或WriteStartElement()方法编写带命名空间的元素代码示例：BookWriter.WriteStartElement("hr","Name","http://hrweb");BookWriter.WriteString("NancyDavolio");BookWriter.WriteEndElement();输出：NancyDavolio6.编写带有命名空间的属性使用WriteAttributeString()方法为元素添加带命名空间的属性publicvoidWriteAttributeString(stringprefix,stringlocalName,stringns,stringvalue2)参数prefix：属性的命名空间前缀。localName：属性的本地名称。ns：属性的命名空间URI。value：属性值。此方法写出具有用户定义的命名空间前缀的属性，并将其与给定的命名空间进行关联。如果前缀为“xmlns”，则此方法也将此当做命名空间声明对待，并将声明的前缀与给定属性值中提供的命名空间URI进行关联。在这种情况下，ns参数可以为空引用。代码示例：xtw.WriteStartElement("bookstore");//Writethenamespacedeclarationxtw.WriteAttributeString("xmlns","bk",null,"urn:samples");xtw.WriteStartElement("book");//LookuptheprefixandthenwritetheISBNattribute.stringprefix=xtw.LookupPrefix("urn:samples");xtw.WriteStartAttribute(prefix,"ISBN","urn:samples");xtw.WriteString("1-861003-78");xtw.WriteEndAttribute();//Writethestyleelementxtw.WriteStartElement(prefix,"style","urn:samples");xtw.WriteString("hardcover");xtw.WriteEndElement();//Writetheendtagforthebookandrootelementsxtw.WriteEndElement();xtw.WriteEndElement();输出：hardcover任务：演示——使用.NET类构架SOAP协议调用Web服务3第1步：建立BulidSOAPMessage类，添加静态方法SOAPMessage构建SOAP消息。usingSystem;usingSystem.IO;usingSystem.Xml;usingSystem.Text;///

///BulidSOAPMessage的摘要说明///

publicclassBulidSOAPMessage{publicstaticstringSOAPMessage(stringuserID,stringpassword,stringacctID){try{stringstr=null;using(MemoryStreammStream=newMemoryStream())//创建内存流对象{using(XmlTextWriterxtw=newXmlTextWriter(mStream,Encoding.UTF8))//创建写内存流对象{//定义前缀字符串stringxsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance";stringxsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema";stringsoap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/";stringnamespaceurl="http://tempuri.org/";//书写缩进的XML文档，设置用tab键缩进xtw.Formatting=Formatting.Indented;//书写版本为“1.0”，并具有独立属性的XML声明，即xtw.WriteStartDocument();//书写开始标记"Envelope"，并与给定的命名空间"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"和前缀"soap"关联xtw.WriteStartElement("soap","Envelope",soap);//声明属性xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xtw.WriteAttributeString("xmlns","xsi",null,xsi);//声明属性xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"xtw.WriteAttributeString("xmlns","xsd",null,xsd);//声明属性xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"xtw.WriteAttributeString("xmlns","soap",null,soap);4//声明复合元素“Header”，并与"soap"前缀关联xtw.WriteStartElement("Header",soap);//声明“Header”的子元素"WoodgroveAuthInfo"，与命名空间nsurl关联,不指定前缀xtw.WriteStartElement(null,"WoodgroveAuthInfo",namespaceurl);//声明"WoodgroveAuthInfo"元素内包含的基本元素"Username"和"Password"，并赋值xtw.WriteElementString("Username",userID);xtw.WriteElementString("Password",password);//结束"WoodgroveAuthInfo"和“Header”的声明xtw.WriteEndElement();xtw.WriteEndElement();//声明"Body"元素，并与soap命名空间关联xtw.WriteStartElement("Body",soap);//声明"Body"元素下的嵌套子元素"GetAccount"，关联Web服务给定的命名空间，不设前缀xtw.WriteStartElement(null,"GetAccount",namespaceurl);//声明"GetAccount"元素下嵌套的基本元素"acctID"，并赋值xtw.WriteElementString("acctID",acctID);//结束"GetAccount"和"Body"声明xtw.WriteEndElement();xtw.WriteEndElement();//结束"Envelope"声明xtw.WriteEndDocument();//将缓冲区中数据刷新到基础流，并同时刷新基础流xtw.Flush();//将基础数据流转换为字符串str=MemStreamToString(mStream);}}returnstr;}catch{returnnull;5}}privatestaticstringMemStreamToString(MemoryStreammStream){//将基础流的数据转换为无符号的字节数组byte[]buffer=mStream.GetBuffer();//创建把字节序列转换为字符序列的解码器Decoderd=Encoding.UTF8.GetDecoder();//创建字符缓冲区，用于存放解码后的字符序列char[]chars=newchar[buffer.Length];//使用解码器将字节数组转换为字符数组d.GetChars(buffer,3,buffer.Length-3,chars,0);//将字符数组转换为字符串stringstr=newString(chars);returnstr;}}第2步：创建处理类SOAPMessageHandler，使用SOAP协议调用Web服务usingSystem;usingSystem.Net;usingSystem.IO;///

///SOAPMessageHandler的摘要说明///

publicclassSOAPMessageHandler{publicstringSOAPResponse{get{return_privateSOAPResponse;}}privatestring_privateSOAPResponse=null;privatestring_privateSOAPMessage=null;publicSOAPMessageHandler(stringuserID,stringpassword,stringacctID,stringuri){//构建SOAP请求消息6_privateSOAPMessage=BulidSOAPMessage.SOAPMessage(userID,password,acctID);if(_privateSOAPMessage!=null){_privateSOAPResponse=this.GetSOAPMessage(uri,_privateSOAPMessage);}}privatestringGetSOAPMessage(stringuri,stringcontent){HttpWebRequestrequest=(HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(newUri(uri));request.ContentType="text/xml;charset=utf-8";request.ContentLength=_privateSOAPMessage.Length;request.Method="POST";request.Headers.Add("http://tempuri.org/GetAccount");using(StreamWritersw=newStreamWriter(request.GetRequestStream())){sw.Write(content);}stringstr=null;using(HttpWebResponseresponse=(HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse()){using(StreamReaderreader=newStreamReader(response.GetResponseStream())){str=reader.ReadToEnd();}}returnstr;}}7',)