超滤装置使用说明书,超滤装置

('超滤装置使用说明书eInstruction目录I．关于超滤装置…………………………………………………………………31．序言2．膜组件的特征3．超滤装置的主要用途II．安全注意事项…………………………………………………………………6III．使用膜组件时的注意事项……………………………………………………8IV．膜组件的规格…………………………………………………………………11V．膜组件的安装方法……………………………………………………………13VI．膜组件的运行方法…………………………………………………………171．过滤2．反洗和空气清洗3．温度修正VII．膜组件的化学清洗方法………………………………………………………24VIII．膜组件的保管方法…………………………………………………………281INEDXI．AboutSuperFilterDevice…………………………………………………31Prelude2Characteristicsofmembranesubassembly3MainUseofSuperFilterDeviceII．SafetyNotice……………………………………………………………6III．Noticeofusingsuperfilterdevice……………………………………8IV．MembraneSubassemblySpecification……………………………11V．InstallationMethodsofMembraneSubassembly………………13VI．OperationMethodsofSuperFilterDevice………………………171Filter2Backwashandairscouring3TemperatureCorrectionVII．ChemicalCleanMethodofMembraneSubassembly………24VIII．KeepingMethodsofMembraneSubassembly………………282I．关于超滤装置I．AboutSuperFilterDevice1．序言1.Prelude超滤装置的主要部件是除浊用中空丝MF膜组件。这种大容量的膜组件适用于大规膜的水处理工艺。ThemaincomponentofsuperfilterdeviceishollowsilkMFmembranesubassemblyusedforgettingridofturbidity.Thiskindoflargecapabilitymembranesubassemblyappliestowidescopewatertreatmenttechnics.超滤膜材料选用了具有很强的物理耐久性和抗化学腐蚀性的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF），可以用来处理各种原水。该膜材料具有相当高的物理强度，对于利用气流进行频繁的物理清洗（空气表面冲洗），也具有很强的耐久性。SuperfiltermembraneusesPVDFofstrongphysicswearandantichemicalcorrosion,whichcanbeusedtotreatallkindsoforiginalwater.Thiskindofmembranematerialhasstrongphysicsintensity,andhasstrongwearagainstfrequentphysicsclean(airsurfacescour).Thephysicscleanmakesuseofairflow.膜表面的过滤孔径（通称孔径）非常细小，其标准孔径为0.08μm，能有效去除大肠杆菌等细菌，对除去隐胞子虫等病原性原生动物类生物也很适用，使用范围非常广泛。Thefilterapertureofmembranesurface(generallycalledaperture)isverylittle.Thestandardapertureis0.08μm.ItcaneffectivelygetridofE.coliandotherbacterium,andisalsousefulgettingridofcryptosporidiumparvumandotherpathogenicityrotozoangenuslivingthings.Thekindofmembraneiswidelyused.项目Project保安过滤器Protectionfilter超滤装置Superfilterdevice设备尺寸mmφ500×54000×20003Devicedimension设备高度mmDeviceheight15002500运行流速m/h.Operationflowrate10设计流量m3/h.Designflux6528.5滤料种类FilterkindsPP喷熔滤芯PPMeltblownfiltercore果壳型活性碳Fruitbaseactivatedcarbon工作压力MPaOperationpressure0.60.6试验压力MPaTestpressure0.75工作温度℃Operationtemperature25252．膜组件的特征2.Characteristicsofmembranesubassembly（1）成本低，占地面积小(1)Lowcost,smallfloorarea·超滤膜组件的单位过滤膜面积为72m2（HFM-2020），少量的膜组件能进行大水量处理。Theareaofunitfiltermembraneinsuperfiltermembranesubassembliesis72m2（HFM-2020）.Afewmembranesubassembliescantreatalargequantityofwater.·膜丝充填率高，能够进行高回收率运行。Fillquotietyofmembranesilkishigh,anditcanoperatewithhighrecovery.·MF膜可在低压下进行高流束运行，使单位膜面积的处理量变得更大。MFmembranecanoperateathighstreamunderlowpressure.Thiscanmakethetreatmentcapacityofunitmembraneareabecomelarger.·外压式全量过滤方式的运行操作简单易行，而且在低压下也能够运行，因此可以节约4电能，降低成本。Operationmanipulationofexternalpressuretotalfilteriseasyandconvenient.Itcanoperateunderlowpressure,soitcansaveelectricenergyanddecreasecost.（2）使用寿命长(2)Longservicelife·超滤膜材料使用的是耐化学药剂性能很强的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）材料，能够耐用酸，碱，氧化剂等化学药剂的清洗。ThematerialofsuperfiltermembraneisPVDFwhichisabletoendurechemicalmedicament,suchasthecleanofacid,alkaliandoxidant.·具有很好的机械性能（强伸展特性），即使反复进行利用气流的物理清洗（空气表面冲洗），也具有很好的耐久性。Ithasgoodmechanismperformance(strongextension).Evenifitiscleanedwithphysicscleanofairflow(airsurfacescour),italsohasgoodwear.（3）处理原水的范围广(3)Widescopeoftreatingoriginalwater·超滤膜材料使用的是耐化学性很强的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）材料，适用范围非常广泛。ThematerialofsuperfiltermembraneisPVDFwhichisabletoendurechemicalmedicament.Itappliestoawidescope.·使用外压式全量过滤方式，对高混浊度的原水处理也很适用。Itadoptsexternalpressuretotalfilter,whichalsoappliestotreatmentofhighturbidityoriginalwater.（4）高除浊性能(4)Highremovalofturbidity·由于超滤膜表面的孔径非常细小，为0.08μm，能够得到稳定良好的过滤水质。Becausethefilterapertureofmembranesurface(calledaperture)isverylittle,only0.08μm,itcanattainstableandgoodqualityfilterwater..3．超滤装置的主要用途3.MainUseofSuperFilterDevice·反渗透膜装置的前处理Pre-treatmentofReverseOsmosismembraneDevice5II．安全注意事项II．SafetyNotice:在使用超滤装置之前，请务必阅读以下关于膜组件注意事项，并请遵照执行。Beforeusingsuperfilerdevice,makesurereadingthenoticefollowingaboutmembranesubassemblyandobeyingit.61．开箱/安装时的注意事项（1）在新品膜组件内部封注有次氯酸钠（20mg/L）保存药液用于杀菌。如果皮肤不慎溅上该药剂，请用大量清水冲洗。如果液体不慎进入眼睛或嘴里，请立刻用净水清洗15分钟以上，然后请医生进行诊断。另外，操作时请务必戴好橡胶手套，防护眼镜等保护措施。（2）为了防止膜组件掉落，翻倒时造成伤害，操作时请务必穿上安全鞋，戴上安全帽头盔。2．运行时的注意事项（1）将过滤水用于饮用水时，请将膜组件充分过水，在保存液完全清除干净之后再使用于饮用水。如果在保存液还未完全清除干净时使用的话，有可能会造成对身体的危害。3．化学药剂清洗时的注意事项（1）使用化学药剂进行清洗时，有的药剂可能对人体有害。使用药剂时请务必小心，在进行运行时，请务必戴好防护眼镜，手套等保护措施。万一不小心溅到衣服·皮肤上时，请根据产品安全数据表（MSDS），针对各类不同药物进行适当的处理。（2）如果在用药剂清洗过程中感到装置有异常情况时，请立刻中止清洗。注意!1.NoticeofOpenandInstallation（1）ThenewmembranesubassemblyisfilledwithNaClO（20mg/L）,whichismedicinepreservationsolution,tokillbacterium.Ifthesolutionspattersonskin,pleasewashitincleanwater.Ifthesolutionspattersintoeyesormouth,pleasewashfor15minutesincleanwaterimmediately,thengotoseethedoctor.Inaddition,makesurewearingrubbergloves,protectionglassesandotherprotectionmeasureswhenoperation.(2)Incasethatdropandturnoverofmembranesubassemblycausedamage,makesurewearingsafetyshoesandsafetyhelmwhenoperation.2.NoticeofOperation(1)Whenfilterwaterisusedfordrinkwater,pleasewashfiltersubassemblycompletely.Afterthepreservationliquidiswashedaway,andthenfilterwaterisallowedtobeusedfordrinkwater.Iffilterwaterisusedwithoutwashingawaypreservationliquidcompletely,itispossibletodoharmtohumanbody.3.NoticeofChemicalMedicamentClean（1）Whenproceedingchemicalmedicamentclean,noticethatsomemedicamentswilldoharmtohumanbody.Pleasebecareful,andmakesurewearingprotectionglasses,glovesandotherprotectionmeasureswhencleaning.Iftheliquidspattersonclothesorskin,pleasetakeoutsuitablemeasuresagainstdifferentmedicalaccordingtoMSDS.（2）Ifthereisanythingunusualondeviceduringchemicalclean,pleasestopcleaningatonce.7NOTICE!III．使用超滤装置时的注意事项III．Noticeofusingsuperfilterdevice为了最大限度地发挥超滤膜组件的性能，请注意以下事项。Inordertomakefulluseofsuperfiltermembranesubassembly,pleasepayattentiontothesepointsasfollows:1.在使用超滤膜组件之前，请不要排除内部的保存液体。Beforeusingsuperfiltermembranesubassembly,donotdischargetheinnerpreservationliquidaway.中空丝膜如果变干燥的话，其性能就会下降以致不能正常使用，所以当暂时中断运行时，请往膜组件内注入清水以保持湿度。Ifhollowsilkmembranebecomesdry,thecharacterwilldegradesothatitcan’tbeusednormally.Sowhentheequipmentintermitsoperation,pleasefillinmembranesubassemblywithcleanwatertokeepwet.2.防止膜组件发生冻结。2.Preventmembranesubassemblyfromfreezing.3.膜组件容器是用塑料制成的，使用时请注意不要掉落导致破损。3.Membranesubassemblyismadeupfromplastic,pleasenoticenottodropitresultinginbrokenduringusing.4.HFM－2020的接合部是配水管耐震接头（维克托利科型管接头）。在与配管等接续时，请按照配水管耐震接头G型施工要领书正确安装。如果安装方法不正确的话，可能会导致膜组件的破损。4.TheconnectionofHFM－2020isaseismicjointofdistributionwaterpipe(VictaulicJoint).Whenconnectingittotubing,pleaseinstallcorrectlyaccordingtoGtypeconstructionessentialsofaseismicjointofdistributionwaterpipe.Ifitisinstalledwrong,themembranesubassemblymaybebroken.5.在接合部，除了润滑剂以外，请不要沾上其他的油分·污垢。5.Ontheconnection,donotwipeupanyotheroilordirtexceptlube.6.请垂直安装膜组件。如果不垂直的话，进行空气清洗时会降低清洗效率，敬请注意。6.Pleaseinstallmembranesubassemblyvertically.Ifnot,thecleaneffectwilldegradewhenairscour.Pleasepayattention.87.在膜组件通水之前，请务必冲洗配管等部件，并确认没有污垢。7.Beforefillinginmembranesubassemblywithwater,pleasewashtubingandothercomponentsandmakesurethereisnodirt.8.在进行通水时，膜组件内有时会残留空气。为了防止由于水锤导致的膜组件和中空丝膜的破损，请缓慢进水，充分排除空气。8.Whenfillinginwater,therewillberemainingairinthemembranesubassembly.Inordertopreventthedamageonmembranesubassemblyandhollowsilkmembranewhichiscausedbywaterhammer,pleasefillinwaterslowlysothatitcanreleaseairaway.9．进行过滤运行时，请不要给膜元件过度加压并注意供水温度。膜元件的最大供给压力为300kPa（≒3kgf/cm2），如果过度加压的话会导致膜组件以及中空丝膜的破损。最大供水温度为40度，如果超过此温度的话，会导致膜组件以及中空丝膜的破损。9.Whenfiltering,thepressureofmembranesubassemblyshouldnotbetoohigh.Payattentiontotemperatureofwatersupply.Themaximumsupplypressureofmembranesubassemblyis300kPa（≌3kgf/cm2）.Pressuretoohighwillresultindamageonmembranesubassemblyandhollowsilkmembrane.Themaximumtemperatureofwatersupplyis40℃。Ifexceedingthetemperature,themembranesubassemblyandhollowsilkmembranewillbebroken.10．根据原水水质性状设定适当的运行条件。因为过滤水流量，物理清洗条件等运行条件会对膜的使用寿命，药剂的清洗频率有影响。10.Setsuitableoperationconditionaccordingtocharacteroforiginalwater.Becauseflowrateoffilterwater,physicscleanandotheroperationconditionswillaffecttheservicelifeofmembraneandfrequenceofmedicamentclean.根据原水性状，对于一支膜组件，标准的过滤水流量为：Accordingtocharacteroforiginalwater,foramembranesubassembly,thestandardflowrateoffilterwateris:HFM－2020，50～200l/min(5～14m3/h)反洗流量以过滤水流量的1.5～2倍为基准。Flowrateofbackwashwaterisonthestandardofflowratewhichis1.5～2timesasflowrateoffilterwater.11．空气清洗时，请设定适当的空气流量。过度的气流导入会引起中空丝膜的破损。对于一支膜组件，标准的空气流量为911.Whenairscouring,pleasesetsuitableairflowrate.Excessiveairflowwillresultindamageofhollowsilkmembrane.Foramembranesubassembly,thestandardairflowrateis:HFM－2020，200Nl/min（压力：50kPa以下）HFM－2020，200Nl/min（pressure：below50kPa）12．用化学药剂清洗时，请在适合条件下进行。由于在不同条件下，或药剂使用错误的话，膜元件的性能就会下降，或导致中空丝膜的破损。12.Whenchemicalmedicamentcleaning,pleaseproceedinsuitablecondition.Becauseconditionsaredifferent,oncethemedicamentiswrongused,thecharacterofmembranesubassemblywilldegradeorhollowsilkmembranewillbebroken.10IV．膜组件的规格IV．MembraneSubassemblySpecification表1.HFM系列的产品规格1Table1:SpecificationofHFMSeriesProducts型式ModelHFM-2020膜过滤方式Wayofmembranefilter外压式全量过滤方式Externalpressuretotalfilter性能Character通称孔径（μm）Generallycalledaperture0.12初期过滤水量（m3/h）3Flowrateofinitialstagefilterwater≧4.0运行条件Operationcondition供水温度（℃）Watersupplytemperature≦40供水压力（kPa）4Watersupplypressure（最大）300(maximum)300超滤压力差（kPa）Differentialpressureofsuperfilter（常用）≦200(common)≦200（最大）300(maximum)300最大供水流量（m3/h）Maximumflowrateofwatersupply18最大反洗水流量（m3/h）Maximumflowrateofbackwashwater36最大空气流量（Nm3/h）Maximumairflowrate24pH值范围rangeofpHvalue（运行时）1～10(operation)1～10（清洗时）0～12(clean)0～12外形尺寸Outlinedimension有效膜面积（m2）Effectivemembranearea72膜组件全长（mm）Lengthofmembranesubassembly216011膜组件直径（mm）Diameterofmembranesubassembly216膜组件重量（kg）Weightofmembranesubassembly满水时Fullwater110无水时Nowater50主要部件材料Dimensionofmaincomponents中空丝膜Hollowsilkmembrane聚偏氟乙烯PVDF外壳Externalbase氯乙烯树脂VCMResin粘合剂bound环氧树脂EpoxyResin1：本规格说明，有时会在没有事先预告的情况下有所变动，请给予谅解。1：Sometimesthespecificationwillbemodifiedwithoutnotice,pleaseforgive.2：从模型物质（聚苯乙烯乳胶）得到的推算值。2：Itiscalculatingvaluefrommodelmaterial(polystyrenelatex)3：不同于设计过水通量。3：Itisdifferentfromdesignwashwaterflux测定条件供水：纯净水Mensuratingconditionwatersupply:purewater供水水温：25℃Temperatureofwatersupply:25℃供水压力：10kPaPressureofwatersupply:10kPa4：1kPa≒0.01kgf/cm212V．膜组件的安装方法V．Installationmethodsofmembranesubassembly1、设备的就位1.Preparationfordevice超滤装置就位首先应确保按照施工图纸的定位尺寸进行设备的定位，设备的标高应满足图纸和规范的要求。Placingsuperfilterdeviceshouldaccordtotheorientationdimensionofconstructionchartfirstly.Thedeviceelevationshouldmeettherequirementsofchartandstandard.2.设备管道安装2.Installationofdevicepipes设备的管道是预先制作好的，安装时只要根据管道图进行连接，保证管道横平竖直做一些调整是必须的。Thedevicepipesshouldbeproducedinadvance.Theyareconnectedtogetheraccordingtopipechart.Itisnecessaryforkeepingpipesstraightandsuitabletodosomeadjustment.3、膜组件（HFM－2020）的安装方法3.Installationmethodsofmembranesubassembly（HFM－2020）HFM－2008、HFM－1010的连接口是金属箍(FerruleGasket,ClampUnionFittings)，只需将下述内容中的配水管维克托利科型接口(VictaulicJoint)用金属箍替换即可。ThejointofHFM－2008、HFM－1010isFerruleGasket.ItonlyneedstoexchangefromdistributionwaterpipeVictaulicJointfollowingintoFerruleGasket.A．请将膜组件从包装箱中取出，放在已置好的相应的架台上。膜组件必须垂直放置，用挂钩将其固定在架台上（图1）。A.Takemembranesubassemblyoutfrompackingcase,putitontherespondingtrestlesupport.Membranesubassemblymustbeplacedvertically,andfastenedontrestlesupportwithpothook.13将膜组件从箱中取出或进行安装时，请注意不要让膜组件掉落或翻倒，以导致操作人员的脚·头部的受伤。膜组件具有一定的重量。在开箱·搬运·安装时，请使用吊滑轮，起重机，叉式升运机等辅助设备。Whentakingmembranesubassemblyoutfrompackingcase,orwheninstallingit,pleasebecarefulnottodropitorturnoverit,incaseofinjuringworker’sheadorfeet.Themembranesubassemblyisheavy.Whenopening,carryingorinstallingit,pleaseuseblockandtackle,chainblock,forklifttruckorotherassistantdevices.·膜组件外壳材料为氯乙烯树脂，箍得过紧的话，可能会导致膜组件的破损，请注意。·膜组件在使用之前，请不要排除内部的保存液体。中空丝膜如果被干燥的话，性能会有所下降甚至不能使用，膜组件暂时中断运行时，请往膜组件内部注入清水以保持湿度。·请注意不要让膜组件冻结。·ExternalbaseofmembranesubassemblyisVCMresin.Ifitisclampedtootight,themembranesubassemblymaybebroken.Pleasebecareful.·Beforeusingmembranesubassembly,pleasedonotdischargeinnerpreservationliquid.Ifhollowsilkmembraneisdry,thecharactermaydegradeevencan’tbeused.Sowhenmembranesubassemblyintermitsoperation,pleasefillinmembranesubassemblywithclearwatertokeepitwet.·Pleasebecarefulnottoletmembranesubassemblyfreeze.14NOTICE!注意!B．膜组件共有四处连接口均采用维克托利科型管接头，分别将连接口处的密封栓卸下，与配管连接。B.Therearefourjointsinmembranesubassembly,whichareallVictaulicJoint.Respectivelydischargetheairproofbolts,andconnectboltswithtubing.为了灭菌，在膜组件内部注有次氯酸钠（20mg/L）保存液。如果皮肤不慎溅上保存液的话，请用大量清水冲洗。如果液体不慎进入眼睛或嘴里，请立刻用净水清洗15分钟以上，然后请医生进行诊断。另外，操作时请务必戴上橡胶手套，防护眼镜等保护措施。FillinmembranesubassemblywithNaClOperseverationsolution（20mg/L）tokillbacterium.Iftheliquidspattersonskin,pleasewashincleanwater.Iftheliquidspattersintoeyesormouth,pleasewashfor15minutesincleanwaterimmediately,andthengotoseethedoctor.Inaddition,makesurewearingrubbergloves,protectionglassesandotherprotectionmeasureswhenoperation.·在安装时，请注意在连接口处不要沾上油分或污垢。·HFM－2020的接合部是采用维克托利科型管接头。在与配管等接续时，请按照配水管连接G型施工要领书正确安装。·HFM－2008，HFM－1010的接合部是由1英寸的金属箍构成。在与配管接续时，请注意不要箍得太紧。15注意!NOTICE!·Ontheconnection,donotwipeupanyoilordirt.·TheconnectionofHFM－2020isVictaulicJoint.Whenconnectingitwithtubing,pleaseinstallcorrectlyaccordingtoGtypeconstructionessentialsofaseismicjointofdistributionwaterpipe.·ThejointofHFM－2008、HFM－1010ismadeupofFerruleGasketof1inchlength.Whenconnectingitwithtubing,becarefulnottoclamptootight.C.确认膜组件是否被垂直安装。C.Makesurethatthemembranesubassemblyisinstalledvertically.16·没有被垂直安装时，空气清洗时清洗效果会有所下降，请注意。膜组件架台膜组件架台·Ifitisnotinstalledvertically,theairscoureffectwilldegrade.Pleasebecareful.POTHOOKTRESTLESUPPORTOFMEMBRANESUBASSEMBLY图1.膜组件的安装方法Chart1:InstallationMethodofMembraneSubassemblyVI．超滤装置的运行方法VI．OperationMethodsofSuperFilterDevice1．过滤1.Filter（1）运行开始前，请仔细确认配管内已经被清洗干净，膜组件周围的配管都已经连接好。配管的例子如图2所示。(1)Beforeoperation,makesurethatthetubingshavebeencleanedandthetubingsaroundmembranesubassemblyhavebeenconnected.Theexampleoftubingreferstochart2次氯酸钠槽次氯酸钠加药泵次氯酸钠槽次氯酸钠加药泵图2.过滤流程一例Chart2exampleoffilterprocess（2）确认供水阀（V－1），排水阀（V－3），空气洗净阀（V－2）处于[关]的状态。17AirReleaseBackWashDrainWaterBackWashPumpBackWashWaterTankMembraneFilterWaterNaClOTroughNaClODosingPumpDrainWaterAirScourMembraneSupplyWater(2)Makesurethatwatersupplyvalve（V－1）,drainvalve（V－3）andairscour（V－2）areclosed.（3）将反洗排水阀（V－4）置于[开]。另外，确认过滤水出口侧置于开放状态。(3)Turnonbackwashdrainagevalve（V－4）.Andmakesurethatfilterwateroutletisopen.（4）缓缓打开供水阀（V－1），使原水通过膜组件内，将内部的空气排除。(4)Turnonwatersupplyvalve（V－1）slowlysothatoriginalwatercancomeintomembranesubassemblytoreleaseinnerairaway.（5）确认膜组件内的空气全部排完后，将反洗排水阀（V－4）置于[关]。(5)Makesurethatairinmembranesubassemblyisreleasedaway.Thenturnoffbackwashdrainagevalve（V－4）.（6）确认过滤水流量。(6)Makesurefilterwaterflowrateismade.18通水时请注意不要突然打开供水阀（V－1）以免产生水锤，导致膜组件以及中空丝膜的破损。·请注意不要过度加压，以免导致膜组件以及中空丝膜的破损。膜组件的最大供水压力为300kPa（＝3kgf/cm2）。·应根据原水性状设定适当的运行条件。过滤水流量，物理清洗条件等运行条件会对膜的使用寿命，药剂的清洗频率产生影响。根据原水性状，标准的过滤水流量为：一支HFM－2020膜组件为50～200L/min（HFM－2008为8～30L/min，HFM－1010为5～20L/min），反洗流量是过滤水流量的1.5～2倍。Whenfillinginwater,becarefulnottoturnonwatersupplyvalve（V－1）suddenlyincaseappearingwaterhammerwhichwillresultindamageonmembranesubassemblyandhollowsilkmembrane.（7）停止时，缓缓将供水阀（V－1）置于[关]。(7)Whenstoppingoperation,turnoffwatersupplyvalve（V－1）slowly.2.反洗和空气清洗2.Backwashandairscour反洗和空气清洗，是为了保证膜组件的长期稳定运行所必须进行的定期物理清洗。关于此物理清洗的频率，会根据原水水质等诸条件的不同有所变化。详情请与敝公司联系。反洗和空气清洗的流程图如图3所示。Theobjectofbackwashandairscouristoensurethatmembranesubassemblyshouldbephysicscleanedregularlytokeepitsstableoperationforalongtime.Thefrequenceofphysicscleanwillchangeaccordingtoqualityoforiginalwaterandotherconditions.Ifyouwanttoknowmore,pleasecontactourcompany.Flowchartofbackwashandairscourreferstochart3.19·Pleasemakesurethepressureisnottoohighincaseresultingindamageonmembranesubassemblyandhollowsilkmembrane.Themaximumpressureofwatersupplyinmembranesubassemblyis300kPa（＝3kgf/cm2）。·Suitableoperationconditionshouldbemadeaccordingtocharacteroforiginalwater.Flowrateoffilterwater,physicscleanconditionandotheroperationconditionswillaffecttheservicelifeofmembraneandcleanfrequenceofmedicament.Accordingtocharacteroforiginal,thestandardflowrateoffilterwateris：foraHFM－2020membranesubassembly,flowrateis50～200L/min（HFM－2008:8～30L/min，HFM－1010:5～20L/min）.Flowrateofbackwashwateris1.5～2timesasflowrateoffilterwater次氯酸钠槽次氯酸钠加药泵次氯酸钠槽次氯酸钠加药泵图3.反洗及空气清洗的流程Chart3backwashandairscourflow（1）停止供水水泵，将供水阀（V－1）置于[关]。(1)Whenstoppingwatersupplypump,turnoffwatersupplyvalve（V－1）.（2）将反洗排水阀（V－4）置于[开]。(2)Turnonbackwashdrainagevalve（V－4）.（3）过滤水阀（V－5）置于[关]，反洗阀（V－6）置于[开]，反洗水箱中的水由反洗水泵注入膜组件，并持续一段时间。反洗水的流量为过滤流量的1.5～2倍。(3)Turnofffilterwatervalve（V－5）,andturnonbackwashvalve（V－6）.Waterinbackwashwaterbankisfilledinmembranesubassemblyfrombackwashwaterpump.Fillinwaterforamoment.Flowrateofbackwashwateris1.5～2timesasflowrateoffilterwater.（4）停止反洗泵，将反洗阀（V－6）置于[关]。(4)Stopbackwashpumpandturnoffbackwashvalve（V－6）.（5）将反洗排水阀（V－4），空气洗净阀（V－2）置于[开]，进行空气清洗并持续一段时间。(5)Turnonbackwashdrainagevalve（V－4）andairscourvalve（V－2）.Airscourlastsfor20AirReleaseBackWashDrainWaterMembraneSupplyWaterAirScourBackWashPumpBackWashWaterTankMembraneFilterWaterNaClOTroughNaClODosingPumpDrainWateramoment.（6）将空气洗净阀（V－2）置于[关]，将排水阀（V－3）置于[开]。(6)Turnoffairscourvalve（V－2）andturnondrainagevalve（V－3）.（7）排水结束后，将排水阀（V－3）置于[关]。(7)Afterwaterisdrainedaway,turnoffdrainagevalve（V－3）.（8）启动供水水泵，将供水阀（V－1）置于[开]。(8)Startupwatersupplypump,andturnonwatersupplyvalve（V－1）.（9）确认膜组件内注满水后，将反洗排水阀（V－4）置于[关]。(10)Makesurethatthemembranesubassemblyisfullofwater,thenturnoffbackwashdrainagevalve（V－4）.3.温度修正3.TemperatureCorrection超滤膜组件的透水性能是随着水温而变化的。这是因为由于温度的不同，水的粘度就会有所变化。为了能够看到膜组件的性能是否有所变化，就需要对透水性能进行温度修正即标准化。温度修正系数如图7所示。Perviousnessofsuperfiltermembranesubassemblychangeswithwatertemperature.Itisbecausedifferenttemperaturewillresultinchangeofwaterviscosity.Itisnecessaryfor21此时，如果注入膜组件中的空气过度的话，会导致中空丝膜的破损，请务必注意。对于一支膜组件，标准的空气流量如下:HFM－2020为200NL/min（HFM－2008为50NL/min，HFM－1010为50NL/min），压力为50kPa（≒0.5kgf/cm2）以下。Atthismoment,iftheairinjectedinmembranesubassemblyisexcessive,thehollowsilkmembranewillbebroken.Sopleasebecareful.Foramembranesubassembly,thestandardairflowrateis:HFM－2020:200NL/min（HFM－2008:50NL/min，HFM－1010:50NL/min），andpressureislessthan50kPa（≒0.5kgf/cm2）.perviousnesstocorrecttemperaturenamelystandardizationinordertoseewhetherthereischangeincharacterofmembranesubassembly.定流量运行时，过滤压力差的实测值乘以温度修正系数，求得修正后标准温度25℃时的过滤压力差。即，校正后过滤压力差=实测压力差×给水温度对应的校正系数。Whenitisoperatingwithcertainflowrate,thefilterdifferentialpressureofstandardtemperature25℃aftercorrectionisthevaluethattheactualmeasuringvalueoffilterdifferentialpressuremultipliedtemperaturemodificationfactor.Thatis,filterdifferentialpressureaftercorrection=actualmeasuringvalueofdifferentialpressure×correctionfactorcorrespondingtofeedwatertemperature定压力运行时，将过滤流水量的实测值除以温度修正系数，求得修正后标准温度25℃时的过滤水流量。即，校正后流量=实测流量÷给水温度对应的校正系数。Whenitisoperatingwithcertainpressure,thefilterwaterflowrateofstandardtemperature25℃aftercorrectionisthevaluethattheactualmeasuringvalueoffilterwaterflowratedividedbytemperaturemodificationfactor.Thatis,flowrateaftercorrection=actualmeasuringvalueofflowrate÷correctionfactorcorrespondingtofeedwatertemperature关于温度修正系数的计算方法如下图所示。Thecalculationmethodoftemperaturecorrectionfactorreferstothechartfollowing.22TemperatureCorrectionFactorTemperatureofMembraneSupplyWater(℃)图4.HFM系列的温度修正系数Chart4temperaturecorrectionfactorofHFMseriesT℃时的温度修正系数＝0.0008902/(0.01257187×EXP(1-0.005806436(273.15+T))/(0.001130911×(275.15+T)-0.000005723952×(273.15+T)×(273.15+T)))/1000)TemperatureT℃correctionfactor＝0.0008902/(0.01257187×EXP(1-0.005806436(273.15+T))/(0.001130911×(275.15+T)-0.000005723952×(273.15+T)×(273.15+T)))/1000)23VII．膜组件的化学清洗方法VII．Chemicalcleanmethodofmembranesubassembly化学清洗，是在中空丝膜表面或细孔内附着的物质引起膜间压力差上升时等情况下，除去附着物时所采取的清洗方法。根据附着物的不同，所选的化学药剂也有所不同，敬请注意。如果弄错条件或是弄错药剂的话，进行清洗时可能会导致膜组件性能下降、膜组件以及中空丝膜的破损，如有不清楚的地方请向敝公司咨询。Chemicalclean,thatisthecleanmethodofgettingridofattachmentwhendifferentialpressurebetweenmembranesincreases.Theincreasingofdifferentialpressureresultsfromattachmentonsurfaceofhollowsilkmembraneorinpin-hole.Accordingtodifferentattachments,theusedchemicalmedicamentsaredifferent.Pleasepayattention.Iftheconditionsormedicamentsaremistaken,thecharacterofmembranesubassemblymaydegrade;membranesubassemblyandhollowsilkmembranewillbebrokenaswellasduringclean.Ifthereisanythingunclear,pleaseconsultourcompany.·用于清洗的药剂中，有些药剂接触到人体会产生危害，因此在清洗运行中请小心使用，务必佩戴好防护眼镜，手套等防护措施。万一皮肤不慎接触到这些药品，请按照产品安全数据表（MSDS），针对此药剂进行相应处理。·在用化学药剂进行清洗中，如果发觉有异常情况出现，请立刻停止清洗。24注意!NOTICE!·Whenproceedingchemicalmedicamentclean,noticethatsomemedicamentswilldoharmtohumanbody.Pleasebecareful,andmakesurewearingprotectionglasses,glovesandotherprotectionmeasureswhencleaning.Iftheliquidspattersonclothesorskin,pleasetakeoutsuitablemeasuresagainstdifferentmedicamentaccordingtoMSDS.·Ifthereisanythingunusualondeviceduringchemicalclean,pleasestopcleaningatonce.·在用化学药剂进行清洗中，如果发觉有异常情况出现，请立刻停止清洗。化学清洗流程如图5所示Processofchemicalcleanreferstochart5.图5.药液清洗流程图Chart5Processofmedicamentclean（1）化学药剂清洗时专用的配管部置(1)Planofspecialtubingforchemicalmedicamentclean由于附着在中空丝膜上的物质不同，有时需要让药液渗透到膜的内部，有时不需要让药液渗透到膜的内部。请根据不同情况，分别对药剂清洗流线进行专用的配管部置。参考25AirReleaseBackWashDrainWaterMembraneFilterWaterMedicamentSolutionTankMedicamentSupplyPumpAirScourCleanWaterDrainageMembraneSupplyWaterMembraneSupplyValveMembraneReturnValve图8。Becauseofdifferentattachmenttohollowsilkmembrane,sometimesmedicamentsolutionneedstopenetrateintoinnerofmembrane,andsometimesitneedn’tto.Accordingtodifferentconditions,flownlineofmedicamentcleanshouldplanspecialtubings.Referringtochart8（2）将膜组件出口处的药液箱返回阀置于[开]，将药液供给阀置于[开]。(2)Turnonmedicamentreturnvalvebesideoutletofmembranesubassembly.Andturnonmedicamentsupplyvalve,too.（3）开动药液供给泵，循环运行一段时间。(3)Startupmedicamentsupplypumpandrunforalongtime.清洗时间应根据当时的状况以及使用药液的不同而有所变化。标准的化学药剂清洗条件请参见表2。Medicamentsolutionshouldchangeaccordingtoconditiononsiteduringcleaning.Standardchemicalmedicamentcleanconditionreferstotable2.表2.标准药液清洗条件14Table2Standardchemicalmedicamentcleancondition清洗对象物Cleanobject药剂种类Kindsofmedicament药液浓度Medicamentsolutionconcentration清洗时间Cleantime无机物Inorganics盐酸2Hydrochloricacid1mol/L1～3hr有机物organics次氯酸钠3NaClO＜3,000mg/L1hr（藻类，细菌，其他）Alga,bacteriumandsoon26用化学药剂进行清洗时，请仔细确认清洗管线是否正常工作。另外，请注意不要将药液混入生产过滤水中。Whencleaninginchemicalmedicament,pleaseexaminewhetherthecleanpipelineoperatesnormally.Inaddition,becarefulnottomixmedicamentsolutionintoproductionfilterwater.有机物organics氢氧化钠SodiumhydroxidepH＜121hr（蛋白质,细菌残骸，其他）Protein,bacteriumremainsandsoon1：表中是指标准条件，根据原水水质或附着物的不同而有所变化。1：Itisstandardconditioninthetable.Itchangeswithdifferentqualityoforiginalwaterorattachments.2：除了使用盐酸，还可以使用草酸（0.3%）、柠檬酸（3％），硫酸（0.05mol/l）、硝酸（0.1mol/l）等进行清洗。2：Besideshydrochloricacid,italsocanuseoxalicacid（0.3%）,citricacid（3%）,vitriol（0.05mol/l）,nitricacid（0.1mol/l）toclean.3：根据市场销售的药剂浓度的不同而有所差异，另外，浓度随季节的转换有所变动。3：Itisdifferentaccordingtomedicamentconcentrationonsale.Inaddition,itsconcentrationchangeswithdifferentseasons.4：标准药液温度为20～30℃，对于每一支膜组件，所需药液流量HFM－2020型号为30～50l/min。4：Temperatureofstandardmedicamentsolutionis20～30℃.Foreachmembranesubassembly,flowrateoftheneededmedicamentHFM－2020typeis30～50L/min。27Whenusingacidmedicamentandalkalimedicamenttogether，itmustbewashedinclearwaterafterfinishingcleanofformermedicament,thenproceednextmedicamentclean.Washwateradoptsmembranefilterwaterandmakesurethatitisneutralization（pH=7）insidemembranesubassembly,thenitisallowedtoproceednextcleanorrecovertonormalstate.（4）停止药液供给泵。(4)Stopmedicamentsupplypump.（5）将清洗药液处理，排水以后，将配管拆下。(5)Treatmedicamentsolutionanddrainwater,thendismantletubings.VIII．膜组件的保管方法VIII．KeepingMethodsofMembraneSubassembly本膜组件产品在未使用前或是在停机时的保管，请按照以下方法进行。Ifthemembranesubassemblyiskeptbeforeuseorafterstoppingoperation,pleasekeepitinthefollowingmethods.另外请注意不要让膜组件冻结。Besides,becarefulnottoletmembranesubassemblyfreeze.1.未使用膜元件的保管1KeepingbeforeUse不要排除膜组件内部的保存液，避免阳光直射，请置于阴凉处（室温以下的阴凉场所）。Donotdischargepreservationliquidinthemembranesubassembly;avoidsunlightandplaceonshade(belowroomtemperature).2.使用后的膜组件的保管（停机等情况）2.keepingafteruse(stopoperationandsoon)（1）短期停机的情况下(1)ontheconditionofstopoperationforshorttime如果停机在2～3天以内，请停止通水，在膜组件内部充水的状态下停机。28在组合使用酸性药剂和碱性药剂时，在完成前一种药剂清洗后必须进行清水冲洗，然后进行下一种药剂清洗。冲洗用水采用膜过滤水，并确认膜组件内部达到中和状态（pH值为7）时才可进行下一步清洗或恢复正常使用。Ifitstopswithin2~3days,pleasestopfillinginwaterandstopoperationatthestatethatthereisfullofwaterinmembranesubassembly.如果停机在2～3天以上达到一周左右时，请按照表3所示加入一定浓度的药液。这时，请使用比膜过滤水更纯净的水来配制药液。Ifitstopsbeyond2~3daysevenforaweek,pleasepourinmedicamentsolutionofcertainconcentrationaccordingtotable3.Atthismoment,pleaseusewaterwhichispurerthanmembranefilterwatertomakeupmedicamentsolution.表3.膜组件使用后的短期保管条件Table3conditionsofshorttimekeepingofmembranesubassemblyafteruse保存期间Keepingperiod药液种类Kindsofmedicamentsolution药液浓度Concentrationofmedicamentsolution3天～1周3days～aweek次氯酸钠NaClO20mg/L（2）长期停机的情况下(2)Ontheconditionofstopoperationforlongtime根据膜的污染情况，首先用次氯酸钠药液进行清洗以后，请按照表4所示在膜组件内部注入相应浓度的亚硫酸氢钠。这时，也请使用比膜过滤水更纯净的水来配制药液。Accordingtomembranepollution,firstlywashitinNaClOsolution,thenfillinmembranesubassemblywithNaHSO3solutionofthesameconcentrationasNaClOsolutionastable4.Atthismoment,pleaseusewaterwhichispurerthanmembranefilterwatertomakeupmedicamentsolution.表4.膜组件使用后的长期保管条件Table4conditionsoflongtimekeepingofmembranesubassemblyafteruse保存期间Keepingperiod药液种类Kindsofmedicamentsolution药液浓度Concentrationofmedicamentsolution一周以上Beyondaweek亚硫酸氢钠NaHSO31,000mg/L将膜组件从装置上取下时，请按照表3、表4所示，将保存液添加于膜组件内，不使其干燥。Whentakingoutmembranesubassemblyfromequipment,accordingtotable3andtable4,pleasefillinmembranesubassemblywithpreservationliquidincaseofdry.（3）保存液的更换(3)Changeofpreservationliquid29保存液为亚硫酸氢钠的话，主要是看亚硫酸氢钠的pH值是否在3～6之间。通常，亚硫酸氢钠和氧气反应生成硫酸，pH值会有所下降。这时，应该再次调整保存药液。IfpreservationliquidisNaHSO3solution,itneedstoseewhetherpHvalueofNaHSO3solutioniswithin3～6.UsuallyNaHSO3reactsintovitriolwithO2,andpHvaluewilldecrease.Atthismoment,thepreservationliquidshouldbeadjustedagain.........忽略此处.......30',)